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Hot Topics of the Day|PHGKB
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05/27/2020

Hot Topics of the Day are picked by experts to capture the latest information and publications on public health genomics and precision health for various diseases and health topics. Sources include published scientific literature, reviews, blogs and popular press articles.

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Archived Hot Topics of the Day By Date

Digital Smartphone Tracking for COVID-19- Public Health and Civil Liberties in Tension
IG Cohen et al, JAMA, may 27, 2020

This Viewpoint compares manual and digital strategies for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) contact tracing, describes how countries in Asia and Europe have used smartphone tracking, and discusses privacy and discrimination concerns and strategies for balancing public health and civil liberties in the US.

Modeling Epidemics With Compartmental Models
J Tolles et al, JAMA, May 27, 2020

This paper reviews the susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) model for predicting the course of infectious disease outbreaks, which describes the transition of individuals from susceptible to infected and from infected to recovered, and discusses the model’s limitations, including oversimplification of complex disease processes.

SARS-CoV-2 Reverse Genetics Reveals a Variable Infection Gradient in the Respiratory Tract
YJ Hou et al Cell May 26, 2020

We utilized a reverse genetics system to explore SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis. High-sensitivity RNA in situ mapping revealed the highest ACE2 expression in the nose with decreasing expression throughout the lower respiratory tract, paralleled by a striking gradient of SARS-CoV-2 infection in proximal (high) vs distal (low) pulmonary epithelial cultures.

Mass-surveillance technologies to fight coronavirus spread: the case of Israel
M Amit et al, Nature, May 26, 2020

MINERVA: A facile strategy for SARS-CoV-2 whole genome deep sequencing of clinical samples
C Chen et al, BIORXIV, May 26, 2020

Controlling the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak, insights from large scale whole genome sequences generated across the world
J Phelan et al, BIORXIV May 26, 2020

SARS-CoV-2 genome evolution exposes early human adaptations
ES Wright et al, BIORXIV, May 26, 2020

Digital Herd Immunity and COVID-19
VB Bulchandani et al, MEDRXIV, May 26, 2020

Host genetics may provide some answers to COVID-19, but only with the right questions
P Duggal et al, Medium blog, May 26, 2020

Large-scale biobanks and longitudinal cohorts provide rich medical histories with existing genetic data and the ability to recontact and test participants. Also, prospective studies that are able to capture clinical data may identify genes that influence different subgroups of COVID-19 individuals like those with thrombolytic events or neuro involvement.

Liquid biopsy for early stage lung cancer moves ever closer
C Rolfo et al, Nat Rev Clin Oncol, May 26, 2020

Lung cancer screening is currently based only on low-dose CT scans; however, novel, more accessible methods that might improve uptake and adherence are eagerly awaited. New liquid biopsy approaches promise to revolutionize cancer screening. Herein, we discuss the opportunities and challenges associated with two such novel assays.

The National Microbiome Data Collaborative: enabling microbiome science
EM Wood-Charlson et al Nat Rev Micro, April 2020

To harness the potential of microbiome science across the broad range of relevant disciplines, new approaches to data infrastructure and transdisciplinary collaboration are necessary. The National Microbiome Data Collaborative is a new initiative to support microbiome data exploration and discovery through a collaborative, integrative data science ecosystem.

Host–microbiota interactions in immune-mediated diseases
WE Ruff et al Nat Rev Microbiology, May 26, 2020

This Review discusses the mechanisms of how the microbiota contributes to the predisposition, initiation and perpetuation of immune-mediated diseases in the context of a genetically prone host.

Genome-wide meta-analysis of problematic alcohol use in 435,563 individuals yields insights into biology and relationships with other traits
H Zhou et al, Nature Neuroscience, May 25, 2020

Problematic alcohol use (PAU) is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Although genome-wide association studies have identified PAU risk genes, the genetic architecture of this trait is not understood. We conducted a proxy-phenotype meta-analysis of PAU in 435,563? European-ancestry individuals.


Disclaimer: Articles listed in Hot Topics of the Day are selected by Public Health Genomics Branch to provide current awareness of the scientific literature and news. Inclusion in the update does not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention nor does it imply endorsement of the article's methods or findings. CDC and DHHS assume no responsibility for the factual accuracy of the items presented. The selection, omission, or content of items does not imply any endorsement or other position taken by CDC or DHHS. Opinion, findings and conclusions expressed by the original authors of items included in the Clips, or persons quoted therein, are strictly their own and are in no way meant to represent the opinion or views of CDC or DHHS. References to publications, news sources, and non-CDC Websites are provided solely for informational purposes and do not imply endorsement by CDC or DHHS.
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