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Hot Topics of the Day|PHGKB
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05/12/2020

Hot Topics of the Day are picked by experts to capture the latest information and publications on public health genomics and precision health for various diseases and health topics. Sources include published scientific literature, reviews, blogs and popular press articles.

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Archived Hot Topics of the Day By Date

Ethics and governance for digital disease surveillance
MM Mello et al, Science, May 11, 2020

Several countries have taken digital epidemiology to the next level in responding to COVID-19. Focusing on core public health functions of case detection, contact tracing, and isolation and quarantine, we explore ethical concerns raised by digital technologies and new data sources in public health surveillance during epidemics

COVID-19 and Postinfection Immunity- Limited Evidence, Many Remaining Questions
RD Kircaldy et al, JAMA< May 11, 2020

Coronavirus COVID-19 Existing limited data on antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 and related coronaviruses, as well as one small animal model study, suggest that recovery from COVID-19 might confer immunity against reinfection, at least temporarily. However, the immune response to COVID-19 is not yet fully understood and definitive data on postinfection immunity are lacking.

Applying principles of behaviour change to reduce SARS-CoV-2 transmission
R West et al, Nature Human Behavior, May 2020

There is an urgent need for direct evidence to inform development of behavioral interventions, but it is possible to make a start by applying behavioral science methods and models

Reading the pandemic data
JM Zacks et al. Science blog, May 12, 2020

Understanding the spread of COVID-19 requires understanding nonlinear growth. Whereas linear growth is intuitive, nonlinear growth is not. People’s predictions for nonlinear patterns tend to be closer to linear projections, assuming that future growth will be similar to that of the past. For a pandemic, this can lead to dangerous underestimation.

Interpreting a covid-19 test result
J Watson et al, BMJ, May 12, 2020

The result of a test for covid-19 depends on the accuracy of the test, and the pre-test probability or estimated risk of disease before testing. A positive RT-PCR test has more weight than a negative test because of the test’s high specificity but moderate sensitivity. A single negative test should not be used as a rule-out in patients with suggestive symptoms.

Deep learning models for COVID-19 infected area segmentation in CT images
A Voulodimous et al, MEDRXIV, May 11, 2020

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Population Level Covid-19 Mortality
CP Gross et al, MEDRXIV, May 11, 2020

Mobility trends provide a leading indicator of changes in SARS-CoV-2 transmission
AC Miller et al, MEDRXIV, May 11, 2020

COVID-19 diagnosis prediction by symptoms of tested individuals: a machine learning approach
Y Zaobi et al, MEDRXIV, May 11, 2020

Social Distancing is Effective at Mitigating COVID-19 Transmission in the United States
H Badr et al, MEDRIV, May 11, 2020

Being Precise About Precision Medicine: What Should Value Frameworks Incorporate to Address Precision Medicine? A Report of the Personalized Precision Medicine Special Interest Group.
Faulkner Eric et al. Value in health : the journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research 2020 May 23(5) 529-539

Big Data and Atrial Fibrillation: Current Understanding and New Opportunities.
Wang Qian-Chen et al. Journal of cardiovascular translational research 2020 May

Using genetics for social science
KP Harden et al, Nature Hum Behavior, May 11, 2020

We survey how developments in genetics are beginning to provide social scientists with a powerful new toolbox they can use to better understand environmental effects, and we illustrate this with several substantive examples. Furthermore, we examine how medical research can benefit from genetic insights into social-scientific outcomes and vice versa.

Progress in refining the clinical management of cancer of unknown primary in the molecular era
E Rassy et al, Nature Rev Clin Oncology, April 2020

In this Review, we discuss the clinical management of cancer of unknown primary (CUP) in the era of precision medicine. We focus on the advances in understanding the biology of CUP, the implications for the diagnosis and classification of CUP according to the tissue of origin and the shift away from empirical therapy towards tailored therapy.

Immune-related adverse events of checkpoint inhibitors
MR Casals et al, Nature Rev did Primers

Increased use of immunotherapy has resulted in increased reports of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). These irAEs are unique and are different to those of traditional cancer therapies, and typically have a delayed onset and prolonged duration. IrAEs can involve any organ or system.


Disclaimer: Articles listed in Hot Topics of the Day are selected by Public Health Genomics Branch to provide current awareness of the scientific literature and news. Inclusion in the update does not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention nor does it imply endorsement of the article's methods or findings. CDC and DHHS assume no responsibility for the factual accuracy of the items presented. The selection, omission, or content of items does not imply any endorsement or other position taken by CDC or DHHS. Opinion, findings and conclusions expressed by the original authors of items included in the Clips, or persons quoted therein, are strictly their own and are in no way meant to represent the opinion or views of CDC or DHHS. References to publications, news sources, and non-CDC Websites are provided solely for informational purposes and do not imply endorsement by CDC or DHHS.
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