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Last Posted: Nov 16, 2023
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Computational immunogenomic approaches to predict response to cancer immunotherapies.
Venkateswar Addala et al. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2023 11

From the abstract: " Cancer immunogenomics is an emerging field that bridges genomics and immunology. The establishment of large-scale genomic collaborative efforts along with the development of new single-cell transcriptomic techniques and multi-omics approaches have enabled characterization of the mutational and transcriptional profiles of many cancer types and helped to identify clinically actionable alterations as well as predictive and prognostic biomarkers. Researchers have developed computational approaches and machine learning algorithms to accurately obtain clinically useful information from genomic and transcriptomic sequencing data. "

Perioperative Durvalumab for Resectable Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.
John V Heymach et al. N Engl J Med 2023 10 (18) 1672-1684

From the abstract: "Neoadjuvant or adjuvant immunotherapy can improve outcomes in patients with resectable non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Perioperative regimens may combine benefits of both to improve long-term outcome. 802 patients were randomly assigned to receive durvalumab (400 patients) or placebo (402 patients). Perioperative durvalumab plus neoadjuvant chemotherapy was associated with significantly greater event-free survival and pathological complete response than neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone, with a safety profile that was consistent with the individual agents. "

Personalized anti-cancer vaccine combining mRNA and immunotherapy tested in melanoma trial.
Thiago Carvalho et al. Nat Med 2023 9 (10) 2379-2380

From the article: "An estimated 325,000 new cases of malignant melanoma were diagnosed worldwide in 2020. The clinical deployment of immune checkpoint inhibitors over the past 12 years has revolutionized melanoma treatment, and the 5-year survival rate in the USA now approaches 95%. However, the frequency of melanoma is increasing, particularly in lighter-skinned people, and for the minority of patients diagnosed with metastatic disease, the 5-year survival rate is 35%, although the introduction of immunotherapy has doubled the median survival time for these patients. "

Molecular Features of Resected Melanoma Brain Metastases, Clinical Outcomes, and Responses to Immunotherapy
HN Vasedevan et al, JAMA Network Open, August 17, 2023

What is the translational importance of alteration status in the treatment of melanoma brain metastases? In this cohort study of 94 patients with resected melanoma brain metastases that underwent targeted DNA sequencing, BRAF V600E variant lesions were associated with worse intracranial progression-free survival and overall survival. Single-cell sequencing showed that BRAF V600E variant brain metastases harbored fewer immune cell types; immunotherapy was associated with improved outcomes for patients with BRAF wildtype but not BRAF V600E variant brain metastases.

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Disclaimer: Articles listed in the Public Health Genomics and Precision Health Knowledge Base are selected by the CDC Office of Public Health Genomics to provide current awareness of the literature and news. Inclusion in the update does not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention nor does it imply endorsement of the article's methods or findings. CDC and DHHS assume no responsibility for the factual accuracy of the items presented. The selection, omission, or content of items does not imply any endorsement or other position taken by CDC or DHHS. Opinion, findings and conclusions expressed by the original authors of items included in the update, or persons quoted therein, are strictly their own and are in no way meant to represent the opinion or views of CDC or DHHS. References to publications, news sources, and non-CDC Websites are provided solely for informational purposes and do not imply endorsement by CDC or DHHS.

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