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Hot Topics of the Day|PHGKB
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04/05/2024

Hot Topics of the Day are picked by experts to capture the latest information and publications on public health genomics and precision health for various diseases and health topics. Sources include published scientific literature, reviews, blogs and popular press articles.

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Susceptibility to Treatment-Resistant Depression Within Families.
Chih-Ming Cheng et al. JAMA Psychiatry 2024 4

From the abstract: " Is the treatment-resistant depression (TRD) phenotype transmitted within a family? This cohort study found that, compared with control individuals match for birth year, sex, and kinship, first-degree-relatives of individuals with TRD had an increased risk of developing TRD and increased suicide mortality. The findings suggest that a family history of TRD might be a clinically significant risk factor for resistance to antidepressant treatment and increased suicide mortality, indicating that combining or altering therapies for depression might be considered instead of monotherapy at an earlier treatment stage. "

Human leukocyte antigen variants associate with BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine response.
Martina Esposito et al. Commun Med (Lond) 2024 4 (1) 63

From the abstract: "We carried out a genome-wide association study to investigate the genetic determinants of the antibody response to the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine in an Italian cohort of 1351 subjects recruited in three centers. Linear regressions between normalized antibody levels and genotypes of more than 7 million variants was performed, using sex, age, centers, days between vaccination boost and serological test, and five principal components as covariates. We also analyzed the association between normalized antibody levels and 204 HLA alleles, with the same covariates as above. Our study confirms the involvement of the HLA locus and shows significant associations with variants in HLA-A, HLA-DQA1, and HLA-DQB1 genes. In particular, the HLA-A*03:01 allele is the most significantly associated with serum levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. "

Clinical Value of Molecular Targets and FDA-Approved Genome-Targeted Cancer Therapies.
Ariadna Tibau et al. JAMA Oncol 2024 4

From the abstract: "What is the validity of the molecular targets and clinical benefits of US Food and Drug Administration–approved genome-targeted cancer drugs based on the results of pivotal clinical trials? In this cohort study, 50 molecular-targeted drugs covering 84 indications were identified. Using an international grading system to evaluate molecular targetability strength (European Society for Medical Oncology Scale for Clinical Actionability of Molecular Targets) and a scale to assess clinical benefit in genome-targeted cancer therapies (European Society for Medical Oncology Magnitude of Clinical Benefit Scale), 24 indications (29%) supported high-benefit genomic-based cancer treatments. The therapeutic benefit grading frameworks used in this study can help stakeholders identify therapies with the greatest clinical potential. "


Disclaimer: Articles listed in Hot Topics of the Day are selected by Public Health Genomics Branch to provide current awareness of the scientific literature and news. Inclusion in the update does not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention nor does it imply endorsement of the article's methods or findings. CDC and DHHS assume no responsibility for the factual accuracy of the items presented. The selection, omission, or content of items does not imply any endorsement or other position taken by CDC or DHHS. Opinion, findings and conclusions expressed by the original authors of items included in the Clips, or persons quoted therein, are strictly their own and are in no way meant to represent the opinion or views of CDC or DHHS. References to publications, news sources, and non-CDC Websites are provided solely for informational purposes and do not imply endorsement by CDC or DHHS.
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