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Hot Topics of the Day are picked by experts to capture the latest information and publications on public health genomics and precision health for various diseases and health topics. Sources include published scientific literature, reviews, blogs and popular press articles.

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168 hot topic(s) found with the query "Stroke "

Prediction of atrial fibrillation from at-home single-lead ECG signals without arrhythmias
M Gadaleta et al, NPJ Digital Medicine, December 12, 2023 (Posted: Dec 12, 2023 9AM)

From the abstract: "Early identification of atrial fibrillation (AF) can reduce the risk of stroke, heart failure, and other serious cardiovascular outcomes. However, paroxysmal AF may not be detected even after a two-week continuous monitoring period. We developed a model to quantify the risk of near-term AF in a two-week period, based on AF-free ECG intervals of up to 24?h from 459,889 patch-based ambulatory single-lead ECG (modified lead II) recordings of up to 14 days "

Association of Longer Leukocyte Telomere Length With Cardiac Size, Function, and Heart Failure
N Aung et al, JAMA Cardiology, July 26, 2023 (Posted: Jul 26, 2023 0PM)

Is leukocyte telomere length (LTL) associated with alterations in cardiovascular structure and function? In this cross-sectional study including 40 459 UK Biobank participants, longer LTL was associated with higher left ventricular mass, larger ventricular and atrial sizes, and higher stroke volumes. Mendelian randomization analysis demonstrated a potential causal genetic association between LTL and left ventricular mass, ventricular size, and left ventricular stroke volume, and longer LTL was associated with a lower risk of incident heart failure after accounting for potential confounders.

Lipid Disorders in Children and Adolescents: Screening
USPSTF recommendation, July 18, 2023 (Posted: Jul 18, 2023 0PM)

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) and multifactorial dyslipidemia are 2 conditions that cause abnormally high lipid levels in children, which can lead to premature cardiovascular events (eg, myocardial infarction and stroke) and death in adulthood. The prevalence of FH in US children and adolescents ranges from 0.2% to 0.4% (1 of every 250 to 500 children and adolescents). Multifactorial dyslipidemia is much more common than FH, with prevalence in children and adolescents ranging from 7.1% to 9.4%. The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for lipid disorders in children and adolescents 20 years or younger.

Assessing statins use in a real-world primary care digital strategy: a cross-sectional analysis of a population-wide digital health approach
MJM Carrion et al, Lancet Regional Health, June 22, 2023 (Posted: Jun 26, 2023 8AM)

The digitization of the primary care system provides an opportunity to evaluate the current use of statins in secondary prevention populations (myocardial infarction or stroke). We conducted a cross-sectional study analysing anonymised data routinely collected by community health workers (CHW) between May 2016 and September 2021 to assess the proportion of self-reported statins use and associated factors. The analysis of a real-world database from a digitized primary care system, allowed us to identify a very low use of statins in secondary prevention patients, mostly influenced by socio-demographic factors and co-morbidities.

BA.1 Bivalent COVID-19 Vaccine Use and Stroke in England.
Nick Andrews et al. JAMA 2023 6 (Posted: Jun 19, 2023 1PM)

This analysis showed no evidence of an increased risk of stroke in the 21 days immediately after vaccination with either of the 2 mRNA COVID-19 bivalent BA.1 vaccines in England, with similar results for ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke and for the subset aged 65 years and older given influenza vaccine on the same day as the bivalent COVID-19 vaccine. For ischemic stroke, the upper bounds of CIs for the RI were all below the point estimate of a relative risk of 1.47.

Study provides a more complete picture of sickle cell disease mortality burden
L Ramsey, News Medical, June 2023 (Posted: Jun 16, 2023 8AM)

A new study suggests the number of deaths due to sickle cell disease is 11 times higher than what is indicated from mortality data sources alone. Sickle cell disease is not just underdiagnosed, but it also increases risk of infection and of death from conditions like stroke, heart problems, kidney problems, and pregnancy complications.

Summary for Patients: Population Genomic Screening for Three Common Hereditary Conditions.
et al. Ann Intern Med 2023 5 (5) I19 (Posted: Jun 02, 2023 9AM)

Patients who have certain genetic test results are at higher risk for diseases that may be preventable. There is ongoing debate about whether physicians should screen for 3 hereditary conditions: Lynch syndrome (at greater risk for colon cancer), hereditary breast and ovarian cancer, and familial hypercholesterolemia (at greater risk for early heart disease and stroke). This modeling study found that screening for these 3 hereditary conditions is likely cost-effective in U.S. adults younger than 40 years if the testing cost is relatively inexpensive and people have access to preventive care.

Cardiovascular Disease Risk Assessment Using Traditional Risk Factors and Polygenic Risk Scores in the Million Veteran Program.
Jason L Vassy et al. JAMA Cardiol 2023 5 (Posted: May 04, 2023 6AM)

Do polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for coronary heart disease and acute ischemic stroke predict incident atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) events? In an ancestrally diverse, primary prevention sample of almost 80?000 veterans observed for up to 7 years, PRSs were significantly associated with incident myocardial infarction, acute ischemic stroke, and cardiovascular death. Discrimination was modest overall but greater among women and younger participants.

Stroke, Myocardial Infarction, and Pulmonary Embolism after Bivalent Booster.
Marie-Joelle Jabagi et al. N Engl J Med 2023 3 (15) 1431-1432 (Posted: Apr 13, 2023 6AM)

At 21 days after the booster dose, we found no evidence of an increased risk of cardiovascular events among the recipients of the bivalent vaccine as compared with recipients of the monovalent vaccine. The evaluated events included ischemic stroke (hazard ratio, 0.86; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.58 to 1.27), hemorrhagic stroke (hazard ratio, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.46 to 1.61), myocardial infarction (hazard ratio, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.62 to 1.36), pulmonary embolism (hazard ratio, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.49 to 1.40), and all four events combined (hazard ratio, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.69 to 1.09).

Keeping Quiet About Genetic Risk.
Susanna J Smith et al. Health affairs (Project Hope) 2023 3 (3) 443-447 (Posted: Mar 09, 2023 8PM)

Genetic information has many uses and implications: financial, psychological, clinical, and reproductive. Knowing my at-risk status, I want to protect my family financially. I want to ensure that I don’t pass on CADASIL. If I show up in an emergency room exhibiting stroke symptoms, I would actually prefer to have my CADASIL test results in a secure file so that health care providers can treat me appropriately. But I don’t want to spend fifteen, twenty, thirty years living with knowledge that my mind is about to fail or carrying the guilt of knowing I have been spared, waiting for other people in my family to falter.

The artificial sweetener erythritol and cardiovascular event risk.
Marco Witkowski et al. Nature medicine 2023 2 (Posted: Mar 01, 2023 11AM)

In initial untargeted metabolomics studies in patients undergoing cardiac risk assessment (n?=?1,157; discovery cohort), circulating levels of multiple polyol sweeteners, especially erythritol, were associated with incident (3 year) risk for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE; includes death or nonfatal myocardial infarction or stroke). Subsequent targeted metabolomics analyses in independent US (n?=?2,149) and European (n?=?833) validation cohorts of stable patients undergoing elective cardiac evaluation confirmed this association (fourth versus first quartile adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval), 1.80 (1.18–2.77) and 2.21 (1.20–4.07), respectively).

Association of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy With Future Cardiovascular Disease.
Bilal Rayes et al. JAMA network open 2023 2 (2) e230034 (Posted: Feb 18, 2023 8AM)

Is there evidence for an association between hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDPs) and long-term risk of cardiovascular disease? In this large genome-wide genetic association study using mendelian randomization, HDPs were associated with higher risk of coronary artery disease and ischemic stroke but not heart failure or atrial fibrillation. Mediation analysis revealed a partial attenuation of the association between HDPs and coronary artery disease after adjustment for systolic blood pressure and type 2 diabetes. These results support the consideration of HDPs as potential risk factors for cardiovascular disease.

Ischemic stroke after COVID-19 bivalent vaccine administration in patients aged 65 years and older: analysis of nation-wide patient electronic health records in the United States
M Gorenflo et al, MEDRXIV, February 14, 2023 (Posted: Feb 16, 2023 6AM)

Factors Associated with Stroke after COVID-19 Vaccination: A Statewide Analysis
F Nahab et al, MEDRXIV, February 9, 2023 (Posted: Feb 10, 2023 6AM)

The 21-day post vaccination incidence of ischemic stroke was 8.14, 11.14, and 10.48 per 100,000 for BNT162b2, mRNA-1273 and Ad26.COV2.S recipients, respectively. Concurrent COVID-19 infection had the strongest association with early ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke after first dose COVID-19 vaccination. The Ad26.COV2.S vaccine was associated with a higher risk of early post-vaccination ischemic stroke than BNT162b2.

Sickle Cell Cure Brings Mix of Anxiety and Hope
G Kolata, NY Times, January 17, 2023 (Posted: Jan 18, 2023 0PM)

Some people who have long lived with the disease say they worry about living as a healthy person, while others are concerned about the obstacles to getting treatment. Sickle cell disease affects at least 100,000 people in the United States and millions worldwide. It mostly strikes Black and Hispanic or Latino people, but it also occurs in people with Mediterranean and Indian ancestors. People with the disease face searing pain, stroke, damage to tissues and organs and often death at an early age.

CDC & FDA Identify Preliminary COVID-19 Vaccine Safety Signal for Persons Aged 65 Years and Older
CDC, January 13, 2023 Brand (Posted: Jan 16, 2023 6AM)

CDC’s Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD) met the statistical criteria to prompt additional investigation into whether there was a safety concern for ischemic stroke in people ages 65 and older who received the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine, Bivalent. Rapid-response investigation of the signal in the VSD raised a question of whether people 65 and older who have received the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine, Bivalent were more likely to have an ischemic stroke in the 21 days following vaccination compared with days 22-42 following vaccination.

5 Things You Should Know About Epilepsy
CDC, November 2022 Brand (Posted: Nov 03, 2022 7PM)

Here’s what you need to know: Epilepsy is common. Seizures may look different than you expect. Seizure first aid is easy to give. People with epilepsy can lead full lives. Epilepsy can be caused by different conditions that affect a person’s brain. Many times, doctors don’t know the cause. Epilepsy can be caused by different conditions that affect a person’s brain. Some known causes include: Stroke. Brain tumor. Brain infection, Traumatic brain injury or head injury. Loss of oxygen to the brain (for example, during birth) and some genetic disorders.

Prediction of atrial fibrillation and stroke using machine learning models in UK Biobank.
A Papadopolou et al, MEDRXIV, October 30, 2022 (Posted: Oct 31, 2022 9AM)

Association of Vascular Risk Factors and Genetic Factors With Penetrance of Variants Causing Monogenic Stroke.
Cho Bernard P H et al. JAMA neurology 2022 10 (Posted: Oct 28, 2022 9AM)

What factors are associated with penetrance of variants in monogenic cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD)? In this population-based cohort study of 454?756 individuals, NOTCH3, HTRA1, and COL4A1/2 variants causing monogenic cSVD were associated with increased stroke and dementia risk. Cardiovascular risk factors were found to be associated with penetrance of these variants.

Monogenic Stroke-Can We Overcome Nature With Nurture?
Jha Ruchira M et al. JAMA neurology 2022 10 (Posted: Oct 28, 2022 9AM)

A new study advances a paradigm shift away from the traditional dogma of monogenic disease that has long suggested that little (short of developing gene-targeted therapy) can be done about the genetic hand that has been dealt. The potential to reduce disease burden in monogenic stroke by harnessing cardiovascular risk is a powerful prospect. Developing targeted therapies remains important; indeed, given the markedly higher-than-expected prevalence of these variants.

Updated Stroke Gene Panels: Rapid evolution of knowledge on monogenic causes of stroke
A Ilinka et al, EJHG, October 17, 2022 (Posted: Oct 17, 2022 7AM)

We identified 168 SGP1 genes, 70 of these were validated for clinical practice. We also detected 72 SGP2 genes. Nine genes were removed because of conflicting evidence. The number of genes increased from 168 to 240 during 4.5-years, reflecting a dynamic evolution and the need for regular updates for research and clinical use.

Transcript for Vital Signs Telebriefing: Children with sickle cell anemia are at risk for stroke and other complications
CDC, October 2022 Brand (Posted: Oct 13, 2022 6PM)

Today’s Vital Signs highlights the disheartening fact that many young people are not receiving potentially life-saving screenings and treatment for this disease. Sickle cell disease, sickle cell anemia, the most common form of sickle cell disease, is a leading cause of stroke in children and teens. Yet as this report points out, less than half of children two to 16 years of age who were enrolled in Medicaid in 2019 were receiving their recommended annual screening to assess their risk of having a stroke.

The amazing power of "machine eyes" The unanticipated deep learning A.I. dividends for medicine
E Topol, Ground Truths, October 4, 2022 (Posted: Oct 05, 2022 0PM)

Today’s report on AI of retinal vessel images to help predict the risk of heart attack and stroke, from over 65,000 UK Biobank participants, reinforces a growing body of evidence that deep neural networks can be trained to “interpret” medical images far beyond what was anticipated. Add that finding to last week’s multinational study of deep learning of retinal photos to detect Alzheimer’s disease with good accuracy. In this post I am going to briefly review what has already been gleaned from 2 classic medical images—the retina and the electrocardiogram (ECG)—as representative for the exciting capability of machine vision to “see” well beyond human limits.

Stroke genetics informs drug discovery and risk prediction across ancestries
A Mishra et al, Nature, September 30, 2022 (Posted: Oct 01, 2022 7AM)

On the basis of internal cross-ancestry validation and an independent follow-up in 89,084 additional cases of stroke (30% non-European) and 1,013,843 control individuals, 87% of the primary stroke risk loci and 60% of the secondary stroke risk loci were replicated (P?<?0.05). Effect sizes were highly correlated across ancestries. Cross-ancestry fine-mapping, in silico mutagenesis analysis3, and transcriptome-wide and proteome-wide association analyses revealed putative causal genes.

Vital Signs: Use of Recommended Health Care Measures to Prevent Selected Complications of Sickle Cell Anemia in Children and Adolescents — Selected U.S. States, 2019
LA Schieve et al, CDC, MMWR, September 20, 2022 (Posted: Sep 21, 2022 7AM)

Sickle cell anemia (SCA), which primarily affects Black or African American persons, is associated with severe complications and reduced life expectancy. Among children and adolescents with SCA, transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound screening identifies elevated risk for stroke, and hydroxyurea therapy can reduce the occurrence of several life-threatening complications. During 2019, fewer than one half of Medicaid enrollees aged 2–16 years with SCA had a TCD screen. Fewer than one half of children aged 2–9 years used hydroxyurea and approximately one half of those aged 10–16 years used hydroxyurea.

Bringing Sickle-Cell Treatments to Children in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Zhou Albert E et al. The New England journal of medicine 2022 8 (6) 488-491 (Posted: Aug 11, 2022 7AM)

A diagnosis of sickle-cell disease (SCD) portends a lifetime of crises marked by substantial pain, infections, anemia, and increased risk of stroke. Sub-Saharan Africa is home to the majority of people living with SCD. About 236,000 babies are born with SCD in sub-Saharan Africa each year (more than 80 times as many as in the United States), and up to 90% will die during childhood, typically before their fifth birthday. In the United States, by contrast, people with SCD often live into their 40s or beyond. An important contributor to this disparity is differential access to hydroxyurea, a chemotherapeutic agent that reduces the frequency of sickle-cell crises and prolongs survival.

Heart disease after COVID: what the data say
SM Sidik, Nature, August 2, 2022 (Posted: Aug 03, 2022 6AM)

Some studies suggest that the risk of cardiovascular problems, such as a heart attack or stroke, remains high even many months after a SARS-CoV-2 infection clears up. Researchers are starting to pin down the frequency of these issues and what is causing the damage.

Everyone deserves a diagnosis
The Family Heart Foundation, July 18, 2022 (Posted: Jul 20, 2022 0PM)

“Runs in the family” is not a diagnosis- Over the past 10 years, we have heard from thousands of people who have heart disease or had a stroke caused by an inherited cholesterol disorder. Unfortunately, they did not learn of their genetic condition until it was too late. The damage was done. They were told that heart disease or high cholesterol “runs in the family” but were never given the name of the genetic cause that leads to so much heartache across generations. We believe families deserve a diagnosis so they can get the care they deserve. That is why we have launched this campaign. We hope you will join us to help reach people who have never heard of FH or elevated Lipoprotein(a).

Lipoprotein (a)
CDC, June 29, 2022 Brand (Posted: Jun 28, 2022 4PM)

High levels of lipoprotein (a) increase your likelihood of having a heart attack, a stroke, and aortic stenosis, especially if you have familial hypercholesterolemia or signs of coronary heart disease. High Lp(a) levels, defined as greater than 50 mg/dL (125 nmol/L),3 are common. Median Lp(a) levels vary by race and sex.4 High Lp(a) is seen in people of all races and ethnicities but appears to be more common in Black people.4 Many people with high Lp(a) have no symptoms. However, your doctor may suspect that you have high Lp(a) if you have one or more risk factors such as family history, familial hypercholesterolemia, peripheral artery disease and others.

Mendelian Randomization: Principles and its usage in Lp(a) research.
Lamina Claudia et al. Atherosclerosis 2022 5 36-41 (Posted: Jun 07, 2022 10AM)

Mendelian Randomization (MR) methods can be used to establish a causal link between a biomarker and a disease. Lp(a) is primarily genetically determined by KIV-repeats, apo(a) isoforms, single SNPs and SNP-scores. Lp(a) was the first phenotype for which a causal relationship with cardiovascular diseases was shown using the idea of MR. Lp(a) is causally related to CHD, MI, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, heart failure and aortic valve stenosis. It was estimated that Lp(a) would have to be reduced by 65–100 mg/dL to reduce CVD risk by about 22% over 5 years.

Analysis of Clinical Traits Associated With Cardiovascular Health, Genomic Profiles, and Neuroimaging Markers of Brain Health in Adults Without Stroke or Dementia.
Acosta Julián N et al. JAMA network open 2022 5 (5) e2215328 (Posted: May 29, 2022 11AM)

This genetic association study among 35?914 participants from the UK Biobank study found that better observed Life’s Simple 7 profiles were associated with lower white matter hyperintensity volume and higher brain volume and better genomic Life’s Simple 7 profiles were associated with lower white matter hyperintensity volumes. These findings suggest that cardiovascular health optimization, as measured by Life’s Simply 7 score, was associated with improved brain health in asymptomatic persons.

Myocardial Infarction, Stroke, and Pulmonary Embolism After BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine in People Aged 75 Years or Older
MJ Jabagi et al, JAMA,November 22,2021 (Posted: Nov 22, 2021 11AM)

The BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech) was the first SARS-CoV-2 vaccine authorized and most widely used in older persons in France. Although no increases in cardiovascular events were reported in the phase 3 trials, questions emerged once the vaccine was used on a large scale because older people were underrepresented in the trials. In this nationwide study involving persons aged 75 years or older in France, no increase in the incidence of acute myocardial infarction, stroke, and pulmonary embolism was detected 14 days following each BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine dose.

Neurological complications after first dose of COVID-19 vaccines and SARS-CoV-2 infection
M Patone et al, Nature Medicine, October 25, 2021 (Posted: Oct 26, 2021 11AM)

We undertook a self-controlled case series study to investigate hospital admissions from neurological complications in the 28?days after a first dose of ChAdOx1nCoV-19 (n?=?20,417,752) or BNT162b2 (n?=?12,134,782), and after a SARS-CoV-2-positive test (n?=?2,005,280). There was an increased risk of Guillain–Barré syndrome (incidence rate ratio (IRR), 2.90; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.15–3.92 at 15–21?days after vaccination) and Bell’s palsy (IRR, 1.29; 95% CI: 1.08–1.56 at 15–21?days) with ChAdOx1nCoV-19. There was an increased risk of hemorrhagic stroke (IRR, 1.38; 95% CI: 1.12–1.71 at 15–21?days) with BNT162b2. An independent Scottish cohort provided further support for the association between ChAdOx1nCoV and Guillain–Barré syndrome (IRR, 2.32; 95% CI: 1.08–5.02 at 1–28?days).

Imputation of missing values for electronic health record laboratory data
J Li et al, NPJ Digital Medicine, October 11,2021 (Posted: Oct 11, 2021 7AM)

We assess the utility of imputation in two real-world EHR-derived cohorts of ischemic stroke from Geisinger and of heart failure from Sutter Health. Overall, the pattern of missingness in EHR laboratory variables was not at random and was highly associated with patients’ comorbidity data; and the multi-level imputation algorithm showed smaller imputation error than the cross-sectional method.

COVID-19 and Sickle Cell Disease: Frequently Asked Questions
American Society for Hematology, 2021 (Posted: Sep 03, 2021 7AM)

How do people with sickle cell disease (SCD) do with COVID-19? How should I evaluate respiratory symptoms in children and adults with an active COVID-19 infection? Should I change my use of exchange transfusion for neurological acute symptoms suggesting a stroke or transient ischemic attack? Should I change my use of exchange transfusion or regular blood transfusion for primary and secondary stroke prevention, secondary prevention of ACS, pain or priapism? My patient usually receives antigen-matched red cells. Should I use non-matched units if there is a blood shortage?

Implantable loop recorder detection of atrial fibrillation to prevent stroke (The LOOP Study): a randomised controlled trial.
Svendsen Jesper H et al. Lancet (London, England) 2021 9 (Posted: Sep 02, 2021 8AM)

In individuals with stroke risk factors, ILR screening resulted in a three-times increase in atrial fibrillation detection and anticoagulation initiation but no significant reduction in the risk of stroke or systemic arterial embolism. These findings might imply that not all atrial fibrillation is worth screening for, and not all screen-detected atrial fibrillation merits anticoagulation.

Combining Clinical and Polygenic Risk Improves Stroke Prediction Among Individuals with Atrial Fibrillation.
O'Sullivan Jack W et al. Circulation. Genomic and precision medicine 2021 5 (Posted: May 25, 2021 6AM)

Compared with the currently recommended risk tool (CHA2DS2-VASc), the integrated tool significantly improved net reclassification (NRI: 2.3% (95%CI: 1.3% to 3.0%)), and fit (?2 P =0.002). Using this improved tool, >115,000 people with AF would have improved risk classification in the US.

A Global Call to Action – Reducing the Clinical and Public Health Burden of Familial Hypercholesterolemia
The FH Foundation, April 21, 2021 (Posted: Apr 28, 2021 8AM)

Healthcare systems around the world have failed to rescue individuals born with Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH), even though we have had life-saving therapies for the last 34 years. Without the societal commitment to screen, diagnose, and manage FH, the opportunity to prevent heart disease and stroke for an entire generation has been lost.

Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning for Identifying Incident Stroke From Electronic Health Records: Algorithm Development and Validation.
Zhao Yiqing et al. Journal of medical Internet research 2021 23(3) e22951 (Posted: Mar 12, 2021 9AM)

We developed and validated a machine learning-based algorithm that performed well for identifying incident stroke and for determining type of stroke. The algorithm also performed well on a sample from a general population, further demonstrating its generalizability and potential for adoption by other institutions.

Ischemic stroke and myocardial ischemia in clopidogrel users and the association with CYP2C19 loss-of-function homozygocity: a real-world study
N Gronich et al, The PGX journal, March 1, 2021 (Posted: Mar 02, 2021 8AM)

Leveraging genetic data to elucidate the relationship between Covid-19 and ischemic stroke
V Zuber et al, MEDRXIV, March 1, 2021 (Posted: Mar 02, 2021 8AM)

Mendelian randomization analysis was performed to investigate whether liability to critical Covid-19 was associated with increased risk of any of the cardiovascular outcomes for which genetic correlation was identified. Results There was evidence of genetic correlation between critical Covid-19 and ischemic stroke (rg=0.29, FDR p-value=4.65x10-3), body mass index (rg=0.21, FDR-p-value=6.26x10-6) and C-reactive protein (rg=0.20, FDR-p-value=1.35x10-4).

Announcing partnership with Alliance for Million Hearts Campaign
The FH Foundation January, 2021 (Posted: Feb 13, 2021 11AM)

The campaign is a new public-private coalition with the nation’s leading organizations and thought leaders to confront the nation’s leading cause of death – cardiovascular disease. The national campaign will focus on helping more people understand their risk for heart disease and stroke, believe in their power to take steps that lower their risks.

American Heart Month 2021- Feeling the pressure? We can help.
CDC, February 2021 Brand (Posted: Feb 02, 2021 11AM)

February is American Heart Month, a time when all people can focus on their cardiovascular health. The CDC Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention is shining a light on hypertension (high blood pressure), a leading risk factor for heart disease and stroke.

Alternate approach to stroke phenotyping identifies a genetic risk locus for small vessel stroke
J Von Berg et al, EJHG, February 11, 2020 (Posted: Feb 12, 2020 8AM)

The Stroke Family
The FH Foundation, January 6, 2020 (Posted: Jan 07, 2020 8AM)

When some people are first diagnosed with FH, they have a hard time believing that they must be on medication to ensure protection of their arteries. There are folks coming to FH groups in disbelief, asking “if I don’t take my statins, or some other therapy, will I really get a heart attack? Will I be young when these things might happen to me?”

Diabetes mellitus, glycemic traits, and cerebrovascular disease: a Mendelian randomization study
MC Georgakis et al, MedRXIV, December 30, 2019 (Posted: Dec 30, 2019 9AM)

This study supports causal effects of T2D and hyperglycemia on large artery and small vessel stroke. We show differential effects of genetically determined insulin resistance and ß-cell dysfunction on large artery and small vessel stroke that might have implications for anti-diabetic treatments targeting these mechanisms.

Genomic risk score offers predictive performance comparable to clinical risk factors for ischaemic stroke.
Abraham Gad et al. Nature communications 2019 Dec (1) 5819 (Posted: Dec 23, 2019 3PM)

Using a meta-scoring approach, we develop a metaGRS for ischaemic stroke (IS). The metaGRS hazard ratio for IS (1.26, 95% CI 1.22–1.31 per metaGRS standard deviation) doubles that of a previous GRS, identifying a subset of individuals at monogenic levels of risk: the top 0.25% of metaGRS have three-fold risk of IS.

Discovery of 318 novel loci for type-2 diabetes and related micro- and macrovascular outcomes among 1.4 million participants in a multi-ethnic meta-analysis.
M Vujkovic et al, BIoRXIV preprints, November 2019 (Posted: Nov 30, 2019 10AM)

We investigated the genetic etiology of T2D-related vascular outcomes in the MVP and observed statistical SNP-T2D interactions at 13 variants, including 3 for coronary heart disease, 1 for PAD, 2 for stroke, 4 for retinopathy, 2 for CKD, and 1 for neuropathy.

Opening the Black Box of Artificial Intelligence for Clinical Decision Support: A Study Predicting Stroke Outcome
E Zihni et al, MedRXIV, November 4, 2019 (Posted: Nov 04, 2019 8AM)

We present in this work the first explainability comparison of two modern ML methods, tree boosting and multilayer perceptrons, to traditional logistic regression methods using a stroke outcome prediction paradigm. Here, we used clinical features to predict a dichotomized 90 days post-stroke.

Heart Disease and Stroke Map Widget
CDC, 2019 Brand (Posted: Oct 01, 2019 8AM)

Genetic underpinnings of recovery after stroke: an opportunity for gene discovery, risk stratification, and precision medicine.
Acosta Julián N et al. Genome medicine 2019 Sep (1) 58 (Posted: Sep 18, 2019 9AM)

Men and Stroke
CDC, 2019 Brand (Posted: Aug 28, 2019 8AM)

Recovering From a Stroke Can Be a Long Road, But Don’t Give Up
CDC Information, 2019 Brand (Posted: Aug 28, 2019 7AM)

Clark ate healthy and was in good physical condition before the stroke, but he also had high blood pressure and high cholesterol, which may have been a part of his family history; his grandmother passed away from a stroke.

Risk of Ischemic Stroke and Peripheral Arterial Disease in Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia: A Meta-Analysis.
Akioyamen Leo E et al. Angiology 2019 Sep 70(8) 726-736 (Posted: Aug 21, 2019 8AM)

Heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH) is a common genetic disorder predisposing affected individuals to lifelong low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) elevation and coronary heart disease. However, whether HeFH increases the risk of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and ischemic stroke is undetermined.

Association of APOL1 Risk Alleles with Cardiovascular Disease in African Americans in the Million Veteran Program.
Bick Alexander G et al. Circulation 2019 Jul (Posted: Jul 30, 2019 8AM)

13% of African-Americans carry two copies of the APOL1 risk alleles, which are associated with increased risk of chronic kidney disease. The study We sought to test the association of APOL1 G1/G2 alleles with coronary artery disease (CAD), peripheral artery disease (PAD), and stroke among African American individuals in the Million Veteran Program (MVP).

Automating Ischemic Stroke Subtype Classification Using Machine Learning and Natural Language Processing.
Garg Ravi et al. Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association 2019 Jul 28(7) 2045-2051 (Posted: Jul 24, 2019 10AM)

Elevated Lipoprotein(a) and Risk of Ischemic Stroke
A Langsted et al, JACC, July 2019 (Posted: Jul 03, 2019 9AM)

Genomic risk score offers predictive performance comparable to clinical risk factors for ischaemic stroke
G Abraham et al, BioXRIV preprints, July 3, 2019 (Posted: Jul 03, 2019 8AM)

Recent genome-wide association studies in stroke have enabled the generation of genomic risk scores (GRS) but the predictive power of these GRS has been modest in comparison to established stroke risk factors. Using the UK biobank data, a new polygenic risk score for ischemic stroke was published. Predictive performance of the score is at least comparable to established clinical risk factors.

Predictive analytics and machine learning in stroke and neurovascular medicine.
Saber Hamidreza et al. Neurological research 2019 Apr 1-10 (Posted: May 20, 2019 8AM)

Stroke genetics: discovery, biology, and clinical applications.
Dichgans Martin et al. The Lancet. Neurology 2019 Apr (Posted: Apr 17, 2019 9AM)

Machine Learning-Based Model for Prediction of Outcomes in Acute Stroke.
Heo JoonNyung et al. Stroke 2019 Mar STROKEAHA118024293 (Posted: Mar 27, 2019 8AM)

Blood Biomarkers for Stroke Diagnosis and Management.
Kamtchum-Tatuene Joseph et al. Neuromolecular medicine 2019 Mar (Posted: Mar 06, 2019 9AM)

Gene in Infamous Experiment on Embryos Points to New Stroke Treatment
K Weintraub, Scientific American, February 20, 2019 (Posted: Feb 22, 2019 9AM)

Association Between ABCB1 Polymorphisms and Outcomes of Clopidogrel Treatment in Patients With Minor Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack- Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial
Y Pan et al, JAMA Neurology, February 11, 2019 (Posted: Feb 13, 2019 8AM)

Matched Sibling Donor Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation to Prevent Stroke in Children With Sickle Cell Anemia.
Kwiatkowski Janet L et al. JAMA 2019 Jan (3) 251-252 (Posted: Jan 24, 2019 8AM)

Genetic risk, incident stroke, and the benefits of adhering to a healthy lifestyle: cohort study of 306&#8201;473 UK Biobank participants
LCA Rutten-Jacobs et al, BMJ, October 24, 2018 (Posted: Oct 25, 2018 9AM)

A stroke gene panel for whole-exome sequencing
A Ilinca et al, EJHG, October 24, 2018 (Posted: Oct 24, 2018 3PM)

Genetic, laboratory and clinical risk factors in the development of overt ischemic stroke in children with sickle cell disease.
Belisário André Rolim et al. Hematology, transfusion and cell therapy 40(2) 166-181 (Posted: Aug 01, 2018 10AM)

The Subtype Specificity of Genetic Loci Associated with Stroke in 16,664 cases and 32,792 controls
M Traylor et al, BioRxIV, July 20, 2018 (Posted: Jul 24, 2018 8AM)

Validation of a Proteomic Biomarker Panel to Diagnose Minor-Stroke and Transient Ischaemic Attack: Phase 2 of SpecTRA, a Large Scale Translational Study.
Penn Andrew M et al. Biomarkers : biochemical indicators of exposure, response, and susceptibility to chemicals 2018 Jul 1-45 (Posted: Jul 18, 2018 9AM)

Large-Scale Phenome-Wide Association Study of PCSK9 Variants Demonstrates Protection Against Ischemic Stroke.
Rao Abhiram S et al. Circulation. Genomic and precision medicine 2018 Jul (7) e002162 (Posted: Jul 16, 2018 2PM)

New layers in research, treatment of sickle cell trait and stroke
American Heart Association News, June 19, 2018 (Posted: Jun 19, 2018 11AM)

A “Prime Example” of How Stroke Can Happen to Anyone
Brand (Posted: May 08, 2018 0PM)

Challenges and Opportunities in Stroke Genetics.
Malik Rainer et al. Cardiovascular research 2018 Mar (Posted: May 01, 2018 3PM)

Genetics and Family History Can Increase Risk for Stroke
Brand (Posted: May 01, 2018 2PM)

National Stroke Awareness Month 2018: Stroke Can Happen to Anyone at Any Time
Focus on increasing awareness among adults ages 35 to 64 of stroke risk factors, signs, and symptoms Brand (Posted: May 01, 2018 2PM)

Multiancestry genome-wide association study of 520,000 subjects identifies 32 loci associated with stroke and stroke subtypes
R Malik et al, Nat Genet, Mar 12, 2018 (Posted: Mar 12, 2018 2PM)

Genetic ancestry test beats self-reports in predicting bleeding stroke risk
American Heart Association Abstract, Jan 24, 2018 (Posted: Jan 25, 2018 9AM)

Advancing stroke genomic research in the age of Trans-Omics big data science: Emerging priorities and opportunities.
Owolabi Mayowa et al. Journal of the neurological sciences 2017 Nov 18-28 (Posted: Nov 15, 2017 9AM)

Large-scale phenome-wide association study of PCSK9 loss-of-function variants demonstrates protection against ischemic stroke
AC Rao et al, BioRXiv preprints, Oct 2017 (Posted: Oct 29, 2017 10AM)

The Involvement of miRNA in Carotid-Related Stroke.
Maitrias Pierre et al. Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology 2017 Sep (9) 1608-1617 (Posted: Oct 19, 2017 2PM)

Genetic signatures in ischemic stroke: Focus on aspirin resistance.
Munshi Anjana et al. CNS & neurological disorders drug targets 2017 Oct (Posted: Oct 19, 2017 2PM)

Preventing Stroke Deaths
CDC Vital Signs, Sep 6, 2017 Brand (Posted: Sep 06, 2017 2PM)

Biomarkers of stroke recovery: Consensus-based core recommendations from the Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation Roundtable.
Boyd Lara A et al. International journal of stroke : official journal of the International Stroke Society 2017 Jul 12(5) 480-493 (Posted: Jul 19, 2017 8AM)

Aspirin to Prevent a First Heart Attack or Stroke
NHLBI, 2017 Brand (Posted: Jul 13, 2017 1PM)

Conditions that increase the risk of stroke include genetic diseases such as Sickle cell disease
Brand (Posted: May 09, 2017 1PM)

20th Workshop of the International Stroke Genetics Consortium, November 3-4, 2016, Milan, Italy: 2016.036 ISGC research priorities.
Woo Daniel et al. Neurology. Genetics 2017 Mar (1 Suppl 1) S12-S18 (Posted: May 01, 2017 10AM)

Genome-based cholesterol drug boosts heart health Treatment reduces the risk of heart attack and stroke, but might not live up to outsized expectations.
H Ledford, Nature News, March 18 2017 (Posted: Mar 20, 2017 4PM)

PCOS and Diabetes, Heart Disease, Stroke...
Brand (Posted: Feb 10, 2017 2PM)

Factors associated with young adults' knowledge regarding family history of Stroke.
Lima Maria Jose Melo Ramos et al. Revista latino-americana de enfermagem 2016 Nov 24e2814 (Posted: Nov 30, 2016 11AM)

World Stroke Day: We Can Prevent Stroke
Brand (Posted: Oct 24, 2016 2PM)

Can the cardiovascular family history reported by our patients be trusted? The Norwegian Stroke in the Young Study.
Øygarden H et al. European journal of neurology 2016 Jan 23(1) 154-9 (Posted: Sep 07, 2016 10AM)

Thousands of genes responsible for inherited risk for MI, stroke identified in specific tissues
Franzen O et al, Cardiology Today, August 2016 (Posted: Aug 29, 2016 8AM)

Precision Medicine for Ischemic Stroke.
Rostanski Sara K et al. JAMA neurology 2016 Jul (7) 773-4 (Posted: Jul 25, 2016 9PM)

Mind Your Risks and Act FAST to Prevent and Treat Strokes
CDC Public Health Grand Rounds, May 2016 Brand (Posted: May 10, 2016 10AM)

Understanding Stroke Risk in Women
Brand (Posted: May 10, 2016 8AM)

Genetic susceptibility to cerebrovascular disease.
Della-Morte David et al. Current opinion in lipidology 2016 Apr (2) 187-95 (Posted: May 02, 2016 9AM)

Genetics as a molecular window into recovery, its treatment, and stress responses after stroke.
Juth Vanessa et al. Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research 2016 Apr (Posted: May 02, 2016 9AM)

Stop Stroke at Any Age
Brand (Posted: May 02, 2016 9AM)

Genetic influences on the risk of stroke
Genomics Education UK, April 18, 2016 (Posted: Apr 18, 2016 3PM)

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Disclaimer: Articles listed in Hot Topics of the Day are selected by Public Health Genomics Branch to provide current awareness of the scientific literature and news. Inclusion in the update does not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention nor does it imply endorsement of the article's methods or findings. CDC and DHHS assume no responsibility for the factual accuracy of the items presented. The selection, omission, or content of items does not imply any endorsement or other position taken by CDC or DHHS. Opinion, findings and conclusions expressed by the original authors of items included in the Clips, or persons quoted therein, are strictly their own and are in no way meant to represent the opinion or views of CDC or DHHS. References to publications, news sources, and non-CDC Websites are provided solely for informational purposes and do not imply endorsement by CDC or DHHS.
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