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Hot Topics of the Day are picked by experts to capture the latest information and publications on public health genomics and precision health for various diseases and health topics. Sources include published scientific literature, reviews, blogs and popular press articles.

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39 hot topic(s) found with the query "Statins"

Screening for Lipid Disorders in Children and Adolescents: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
Janelle M Guirguis-Blake et al. JAMA 2023 7 (3) 261-274 (Posted: Jul 21, 2023 9AM)

Lipid screening in childhood and adolescence can lead to early dyslipidemia diagnosis. The long-term benefits of lipid screening and subsequent treatment in this population are uncertain. We reviewed benefits and harms of screening and treatment of pediatric dyslipidemia due to familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) and multifactorial dyslipidemia. We found no direct evidence on the benefits or harms of pediatric lipid screening was identified. While multifactorial dyslipidemia is common, no evidence was found that treatment is effective for this condition. In contrast, FH is relatively rare; evidence shows that statins reduce lipid levels in children with FH, and observational studies suggest that such treatment has long-term benefit for this condition.

Assessing statins use in a real-world primary care digital strategy: a cross-sectional analysis of a population-wide digital health approach
MJM Carrion et al, Lancet Regional Health, June 22, 2023 (Posted: Jun 26, 2023 8AM)

The digitization of the primary care system provides an opportunity to evaluate the current use of statins in secondary prevention populations (myocardial infarction or stroke). We conducted a cross-sectional study analysing anonymised data routinely collected by community health workers (CHW) between May 2016 and September 2021 to assess the proportion of self-reported statins use and associated factors. The analysis of a real-world database from a digitized primary care system, allowed us to identify a very low use of statins in secondary prevention patients, mostly influenced by socio-demographic factors and co-morbidities.

Cost-effectiveness and Return on Investment of a Nationwide Case-Finding Program for Familial Hypercholesterolemia in Children in the Netherlands.
Zanfina Ademi et al. JAMA Pediatr 2023 5 (Posted: May 02, 2023 8AM)

In this economic evaluation of a hypothetical population of 1000 FH children aged 10 years, nationwide case finding was associated with saved lives and improved quality of life over a lifetime. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio for cascade screening and initiation of treatment with statins in children vs later detection and treatment was €9220 ($10?050) per quality-adjusted life-year gained, that from a health care perspective and a societal perspective was cost saving and the return on investment for the detection and treatment program for FH in children was €8.37 ($9.12).

Using deep learning-based natural language processing to identify reasons for statin nonuse in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
A Sarraju et al, Comm Medicine, July 2022 (Posted: Jul 19, 2022 8AM)

The NLP classifiers identify statin nonuse with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.94 (95% CI 0.93–0.96) and reasons for nonuse with a weighted-average AUC of 0.88 (95% CI 0.86–0.91) when evaluated against manual expert chart review in a held-out test set. Clinical BERT identifies key patient-level reasons (side-effects, patient preference) and clinician-level reasons (guideline-discordant practices) for statin nonuse, including differences by type of ASCVD and patient race/ethnicity.

PCSK9 inhibitors and ezetimibe for the reduction of cardiovascular events: a clinical practice guideline with risk-stratified recommendations.
Hao Qiukui et al. BMJ (Clinical research ed.) 2022 5 e069066 (Posted: May 11, 2022 8AM)

For adults already using statins, the panel suggests adding a second lipid-lowering drug in people at very high and high cardiovascular risk but recommends against adding it in people at low cardiovascular risk. For adults who are intolerant to statins, the panel recommends using a lipid-lowering drug in people at very high and high cardiovascular risk but against adding it in those at low cardiovascular risk. When choosing to add another lipid-lowering drug, the panel suggests ezetimibe in preference to PCSK9 inhibitors. The panel suggests further adding a PCSK9 inhibitor to ezetimibe for adults already taking statins at very high risk and those at very high and high risk who are intolerant to statins.

When You Have Both: Managing FH and High Lp(a)
Family Heart Foundation, March 29, 2022 (Posted: Apr 01, 2022 7AM)

Knowing you have two genetic conditions that can lead to early heart disease is not an easy thing to live with. I have days where I feel invincible, and I have days where I feel like a ticking time bomb. But one way to ease my anxieties is knowing I’m taking every step possible to take my health in my own hands. Luckily, I live in a time where multiple LDL lowering medications are available. In 1966, when my grandfather had his fatal heart attack at 30 years old, there weren’t even statins. I know taking my medicine and regularly seeing my lipid specialist gives me an advantage previous generations didn’t have.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of genotype-based and individualized data analysis of SLCO1B1 gene and statin-induced myopathy.
Turongkaravee Saowalak et al. The pharmacogenomics journal 2021 Feb (Posted: Feb 22, 2021 7AM)

This meta-analysis was conducted to determine the genotypic effects of rs4149056 and rs2306283 polymorphism in SLCO1B1 gene on myopathy in patients with statin use. Six studies were pooled. Genotypic effects of rs4149056 polymorphism in Caucasians indicated that statin users who carried CC and TC genotypes had a significantly higher risk of myopathy than those who carried TT genotype, with a pooled odds ratio (OR) of 2.9 and 1.6, respectively.

Effect of Pharmacogenetic Testing for Statin Myopathy Risk vs Usual Care on Blood Cholesterol A Randomized Clinical Trial
JL Vassy et al, JAMA Network Open, December 2, 2020 (Posted: Dec 04, 2020 11AM)

In this randomized clinical trial including 408 patients, statin-naive patients whose physicians knew their SLCO1B1 genotype results at baseline did not have poorer low-density lipoprotein cholesterol reductions after 1 year, compared with patients who received usual care.

The Stroke Family
The FH Foundation, January 6, 2020 (Posted: Jan 07, 2020 8AM)

When some people are first diagnosed with FH, they have a hard time believing that they must be on medication to ensure protection of their arteries. There are folks coming to FH groups in disbelief, asking “if I don’t take my statins, or some other therapy, will I really get a heart attack? Will I be young when these things might happen to me?”

Familial hypercholesterolemia and elevated lipoprotein(a): double heritable risk and new therapeutic opportunities.
Vuorio A et al. Journal of internal medicine 2020 Jan 287(1) 2-18 (Posted: Jan 02, 2020 9AM)

The cumulative burden of two genetically determined pro-atherogenic lipoproteins, LDL and Lp(a), is a potent driver of ASCVD in HeFH patients. Statins are the cornerstone of treatment of HeFH, but they do not lower the plasma concentrations of Lp(a). Emerging therapies effectively lower Lp(a) target the transcriptional product of the LPA gene.

Genetic contribution to lipid target achievement with statin therapy: a prospective study.
Ruiz-Iruela Cristina et al. The pharmacogenomics journal 2019 Dec (Posted: Dec 10, 2019 8AM)

Statin therapy response is highly variable. Variants of lipid metabolism genes and statin pharmacokinetic modulators could play a role, however, the impact of most of these variants remains unconfirmed. A prospective and multicenter study included 252 patients was carried out in order to assess the impact of gene variants on statin response.

Many Adults with Familial Hypercholesterolemia Are Not Meeting Goal LDL-Cholesterol Level
RF Green et al, CDC Blog Post, November 15, 2019 Brand (Posted: Nov 15, 2019 0PM)

Among patients in the CASCADE FH registry, 73.7% were on statins, Even among the study population, which was selected from specialty clinics and likely receiving more aggressive cholesterol-lowering therapies than the general FH population, only 48% achieved LDL-cholesterol <100 mg/dL, and only 22% reached LDL-cholesterol <70 mg/dL.

Making the Case for Early Statins in Familial Hypercholesterolemia
P Wendling, Medscape, October 16, 2019 (Posted: Oct 18, 2019 8AM)

Starting statin therapy during childhood in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia has beneficial effects on atherosclerotic progression. The cumulative incidence of cardiovascular events at age 39 years was 1% among patients with FH who began taking statins during childhood, compared with 26% among their affected parents.

20-Year Follow-up of Statins in Children with Familial Hypercholesterolemia
IK Luirink et al, NEJM, October 17, 2019 (Posted: Oct 17, 2019 9AM)

In this study, initiation of statin therapy during childhood in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia slowed the progression of carotid intima–media thickness and reduced the risk of cardiovascular disease in adulthood.

The role of statins in the treatment of familial hypercholesterolemia
S Gilding, The FH Foundation, March 5, 2019 (Posted: Mar 06, 2019 8AM)

Value of a Hypothetical Pharmacogenomic Test for the Diagnosis of Statin-Induced Myopathy in Patients at High Cardiovascular Risk.
Mitchell Dominic et al. Molecular diagnosis & therapy 2018 Sep (Posted: Sep 19, 2018 9AM)

MicroRNAs and response to statins in patients with hypercholesterolemia: from basic research to precision medicine.
Zambrano Tomás et al. Pharmacogenomics 2018 May (Posted: May 23, 2018 9AM)

Cardiovascular Genetic Risk Testing for Targeting Statin Therapy in the Primary Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis.
Jarmul Jamie et al. Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes 2018 Apr 11(4) e004171 (Posted: Apr 18, 2018 10AM)

A Discrete Event Simulation Model to Assess the Economic Value of a Hypothetical Pharmacogenomics Test for Statin-Induced Myopathy in Patients Initiating a Statin in Secondary Cardiovascular Prevention.
Mitchell Dominic et al. Molecular diagnosis & therapy 2018 Apr (Posted: Apr 18, 2018 10AM)

Association of Genetic Variants Related to CETP Inhibitors and Statins With Lipoprotein Levels and Cardiovascular Risk
BA Ference, et al. JAMA, August 28, 2017 (Posted: Aug 28, 2017 1PM)

PCSK9 Inhibitors, Statins, Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, Mevalonate Pathway, and Toxicity-Reply.
Koren Michael J et al. JAMA cardiology 2017 Aug (Posted: Aug 18, 2017 8AM)

PCSK9 Inhibitors, Statins, Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, Mevalonate Pathway, and Toxicity.
Guijarro Carlos et al. JAMA cardiology 2017 Aug (Posted: Aug 18, 2017 8AM)

How Studying Familial Hypercholesterolemia Resulted in the Discovery of Statins as an Effective Treatment for High Cholesterol
JAMA Podcast, July 25, 2017 (Posted: Jul 26, 2017 8AM)

Statins for children with inherited high blood cholesterol
VA Kuoppola et al, Cochrane reviews, July 7, 2017 (Posted: Jul 07, 2017 3PM)

The Effect of Genetic Polymorphisms in SLCO2B1 on the Lipid-lowering Efficacy of Rosuvastatin in Healthy Adults with Elevated Low-density Lipoprotein.
Kim Tae-Eun et al. Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology 2017 Jun (Posted: Jun 21, 2017 8AM)

Younger Adults With Severe Dyslipidemia Less Likely to Be Prescribed Statins
TCTMD, January 5, 2017 (Posted: Jan 06, 2017 7AM)

Statins for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force
R Chou et al, JAMA, November 15, 2016 (Posted: Nov 14, 2016 6PM)

Cholesterol, Cardiovascular Risk, Statins, PCSK9 Inhibitors, and the Future of LDL-C Lowering
Fatima Rodriguez, et al, JAMA, November 15, 2016 (Posted: Nov 14, 2016 6PM)

Statin Use for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement
USPSTF, JAMA, November 15, 2016 (Posted: Nov 13, 2016 2PM)

Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of HDL cholesterol response to statins.
Postmus Iris et al. Journal of medical genetics 2016 Sep (Posted: Sep 04, 2016 9PM)

Statins in Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia
American College of Cardiology Foundation, July 11, 2016 (Posted: Jul 12, 2016 7AM)

Prevalence of heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia and its impact on long-term prognosis in patients with very early ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction in the era of statins.
Rallidis Loukianos S et al. Atherosclerosis 2016 Mar 24917-21 (Posted: Apr 13, 2016 11AM)

Seventeen years of statin pharmacogenetics: a systematic review.
Leusink Maarten et al. Pharmacogenomics 2016 Jan (2) 163-80 (Posted: Feb 22, 2016 0PM)

Statin-Associated Autoimmune Myopathy
AL Mammen. NEJM, February 18, 2016 (Posted: Feb 22, 2016 0PM)

Optimal Treatment using Statins from Childhood in Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia.
Nohara Atsushi et al. J. Atheroscler. Thromb. 2015 Sep 15. (Posted: Sep 16, 2015 3PM)

Prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma by correction of metabolic abnormalities: Role of statins and metformin.
Ampuero Javier et al. World J Hepatol 2015 May 18. (8) 1105-11 (Posted: Jun 10, 2015 11AM)

NIH Research Matters: Genetics Help Predict Heart Disease Risk, Statin Benefits
Brand (Posted: Mar 23, 2015 2PM)

Statins work for those at highest risk of heart attack - study,
the Guardian, March 3, 2015 (Posted: Mar 04, 2015 9AM)

High Blood Cholesterol
From NHLBI health topic site Brand (Posted: Jan 01, 2014 0AM)

Also known as Hypercholesterolemia High blood cholesterol is a condition that causes the levels of certain bad fats, or lipids, to be too high in the blood. This condition is usually caused by lifestyle factors, such as diet, in combination with the genes that you inherit from your parents. Less commonly, it is caused by other medical conditions or some medicines. You may be diagnosed with high blood cholesterol if you consistently have high levels of bad cholesterol in your blood in a routine test called a lipid panel. To treat high blood cholesterol, your doctor may recommend heart-healthy lifestyle changes, such as heart-healthy eating, quitting smoking, or aiming for a healthy weight. Your doctor may also prescribe medicines, such as statins, to lower and control your high blood cholesterol. Untreated high blood cholesterol can lead to the buildup of plaque in the blood vessels, called atherosclerosis. Plaque buildup increases your risk for heart attack, stroke, and peripheral artery disease. Explore this Health Topic to learn more about high blood cholesterol, NHLBI?s role in research and clinical trials to improve health, and where to find more information.


Disclaimer: Articles listed in Hot Topics of the Day are selected by Public Health Genomics Branch to provide current awareness of the scientific literature and news. Inclusion in the update does not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention nor does it imply endorsement of the article's methods or findings. CDC and DHHS assume no responsibility for the factual accuracy of the items presented. The selection, omission, or content of items does not imply any endorsement or other position taken by CDC or DHHS. Opinion, findings and conclusions expressed by the original authors of items included in the Clips, or persons quoted therein, are strictly their own and are in no way meant to represent the opinion or views of CDC or DHHS. References to publications, news sources, and non-CDC Websites are provided solely for informational purposes and do not imply endorsement by CDC or DHHS.
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