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Hot Topics of the Day are picked by experts to capture the latest information and publications on public health genomics and precision health for various diseases and health topics. Sources include published scientific literature, reviews, blogs and popular press articles.

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78 hot topic(s) found with the query "Dementia"

Early dementia diagnosis: blood proteins reveal at-risk people The results of a large-scale screening study could be used to develop blood tests to diagnose diseases such as Alzheimer’s before symptoms take hold.
M Naddaf, Nature, February 13, 2024 (Posted: Feb 13, 2024 9AM)

From the article: "An analysis of around 1,500 blood proteins has identified biomarkers that can be used to predict the risk of developing dementia up to 15 years before diagnosis. The findings are a step towards a tool that scientists have been in search of for decades: blood tests that can detect Alzheimer’s disease and other forms of dementia at a very early, pre-symptomatic stage. Researchers screened blood samples from more than 50,000 healthy adults in the UK Biobank, 1,417 of whom developed dementia in a 14-year period." They found that high blood levels of four proteins — GFAP, NEFL, GDF15 and LTBP2 — were strongly associated with dementia. "

Direct to Consumer Biomarker Testing for Alzheimer Disease—Are We Ready for the Insurance Consequences?
JJ Arias et al, JAMA Neurology, December 18, 2023 (Posted: Dec 18, 2023 0PM)

From the article: "The promise of DTC testing for AD biomarkers may be lauded by advocates pushing for earlier diagnoses and individuals’ right to know. Early diagnosis of AD through DTC or clinical evaluations could provide benefits, including increased monitoring and preventive care. Additionally, DTC tests could reduce barriers that impede a timely diagnosis (eg, access to dementia specialists). However, DTC tests are not without hazard, particularly given gaps in discriminatory protections for individuals at risk of developing AD with known biomarker status. "

Attitudes toward pre-symptomatic screening for Alzheimer’s dementia in five European countries: a comparison of family members of people with Alzheimer’s dementia versus non-family members
IA Angelidou et al, Frontiers Genetics, December 2023 (Posted: Dec 15, 2023 8AM)

From the abstract: " Pre-symptomatic screening is getting more attention in healthcare as it detects the risk for developing neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s disease (AD), which is very useful for treatment or prevention. AD screening could play an important role in individuals with at least one affected first-degree relative, but also without family history. As the demand for screening is rising worldwide, it is important to consider possible cross-cultural differences in attitudes toward pre-symptomatic screening."

Down Syndrome in a New Era for Alzheimer Disease.
Michael S Rafii et al. JAMA 2023 11 (Posted: Nov 29, 2023 9AM)

From the paper: "Despite the ultra-high risk for Alzheimer disease and its effect of a shortened life expectancy, persons with Down syndrome who are experiencing Alzheimer disease–related cognitive decline have limited access to expert clinical evaluation for dementia, let alone these newly approved therapeutics. At the same time, because of the genetic basis for lifelong amyloid accumulation, there are also significant concerns related to cerebral amyloid angiopathy and the risk of adverse events related to amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA). This requires careful assessment of safety and tolerability in individuals with Down syndrome to be done before these drugs can be widely prescribed in this vulnerable population. "

Consumers Can Now Buy a Blood Test to Evaluate Their Alzheimer Disease Risk, but Should They?
R Rubin, JAMA, September 13, 2023 (Posted: Sep 13, 2023 0PM)

From the article: " AD-Detect Test for Alzheimer Disease is the first blood test available for consumers to purchase that measures a biomarker linked to the most common form of dementia. The test uses liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry to assess the ratio of 2 amyloid-ß peptides, 42 and 40, in plasma. Amyloid deposits in the brain are a hallmark of Alzheimer disease, although many people who have them don’t develop cognitive impairment. Some neurologists and at least 1 bioethicist question the wisdom of marketing such a test to physicians, let alone to consumers. The test might not be ready for prime time, they say, expressing concern about the test’s accuracy as well as how consumers might interpret its results."

Emerging diagnostics and therapeutics for Alzheimer disease.
Wade K Self et al. Nat Med 2023 9 (Posted: Sep 05, 2023 9AM)

From the abstract: "Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common contributor to dementia in the world, but strategies that slow or prevent its clinical progression have largely remained elusive, until recently. This Review highlights the latest advances in biomarker technologies and therapeutic development to improve AD diagnosis and treatment. We review recent results that enable pathological staging of AD with neuroimaging and fluid-based biomarkers, with a particular emphasis on the role of amyloid, tau and neuroinflammation in disease pathogenesis."

Proteomics analysis of plasma from middle-aged adults identifies protein markers of dementia risk in later life.
Keenan A Walker et al. Sci Transl Med 2023 7 (705) eadf5681 (Posted: Jul 24, 2023 1PM)

Here, we used a large-scale proteomics platform to examine the association of 4877 plasma proteins with 25-year dementia risk in 10,981 middle-aged adults. We found 32 dementia-associated plasma proteins that were involved in proteostasis, immunity, synaptic function, and extracellular matrix organization. We then replicated the association between 15 of these proteins and clinically relevant neurocognitive outcomes in two independent cohorts. We demonstrated that 12 of these 32 dementia-associated proteins were associated with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers of AD, neurodegeneration, or neuroinflammation.

Wearable devices: underrepresentation in the ageing society
TW Guu et al, The Lancet Digital Health, June 2023 (Posted: May 25, 2023 8AM)

Wearable devices and smartphone applications could help health-care professionals gain insight into the spectrum of dementia conditions in a real-time, longitudinal, and more objective manner. Well validated devices and algorithms have the potential to assist in tracking cognitive and functional trajectories, monitoring social behaviour changes, preventing falls, and potentially relieving care-giver burden.

How one man's rare Alzheimer’s mutation delayed the onset of disease Genetic resilience found in a person predisposed to early-onset dementia could potentially lead to new treatments.
S Reardon, Nature, May 16, 2023 (Posted: May 16, 2023 9AM)

The researchers found that the man had a mutation in a gene coding for a protein called reelin, which is associated with brain disorders including schizophrenia and autism. Little is known about reelin’s role in Alzheimer’s. The study challenges the theory that Alzheimer’s disease is primarily driven by amyloid plaques, which are the targets of several drugs recently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. The drugs effectively remove amyloid from the brain, but lead to only a moderate improvement in rates of cognitive decline.

Evaluation of Plasma Biomarkers for A/T/N Classification of Alzheimer Disease Among Adults of Caribbean Hispanic Ethnicity.
Lawrence S Honig et al. JAMA Netw Open (4) e238214 (Posted: Apr 21, 2023 6AM)

Can plasma biomarker analytes be used in a low-resource community to improve clinical accuracy in diagnosing Alzheimer disease (AD)? In this decision analytical modeling study of 746 Caribbean Hispanic individuals from the Dominican Republic and New York, a panel of plasma biomarkers, including phosphorylated tau181 (P-tau181) and the ratio of P-tau181 to amyloid-ß Aß42, identified biological evidence of AD. A proportion of asymptomatic individuals without dementia had biomarker evidence of AD and may be presymptomatic, while a proportion of affected individuals with dementia lacked biomarker evidence of AD and may have other dementia disorders.

In a first, children with rare genetic diseases get mitochondrial transplants from their mothers
M Molteni, Stat News, December 21, 2022 (Posted: Dec 22, 2022 0PM)

Mitochondrial deletion disorders, known as SLSMDs, usually manifest during the second decade of a child’s life as progressive, multisystem failures including hearing and vision loss, muscle weakness, gastrointestinal and cardiac issues, dementia, and early death. Currently, no cure exists. But in the last seven years, a group of researchers has been working on a potential treatment that takes advantage of mitochondria’s enduring capacity to slip between cellular life forms. It involves augmenting patients’ hematopoietic stem cells with healthy mitochondria donated by their mothers.

Dementia risk variants - hunting needles in a haystack.
Oatman Stephanie R et al. Nature reviews. Neurology 2022 11 (Posted: Nov 06, 2022 1PM)

Genome-wide association studies have identified loci associated with neurodegenerative disease risk, but many of the implicated genetic variants are noncoding and their functional roles remain unclear. Using massively parallel reporter assays, CRISPR-based validation and genomic annotations, a new study functionally characterizes regulatory risk variants associated with Alzheimer disease and progressive supranuclear palsy.

Association of Vascular Risk Factors and Genetic Factors With Penetrance of Variants Causing Monogenic Stroke.
Cho Bernard P H et al. JAMA neurology 2022 10 (Posted: Oct 28, 2022 9AM)

What factors are associated with penetrance of variants in monogenic cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD)? In this population-based cohort study of 454?756 individuals, NOTCH3, HTRA1, and COL4A1/2 variants causing monogenic cSVD were associated with increased stroke and dementia risk. Cardiovascular risk factors were found to be associated with penetrance of these variants.

A deep learning model for detection of Alzheimer's disease based on retinal photographs: a retrospective, multicentre case-control study
CY Cheung et al, The Lancet Digital Health, September 30, 2022 (Posted: Oct 03, 2022 6AM)

12?949 retinal photographs from 648 patients with Alzheimer's disease and 3240 people without the disease were used to train, validate, and test the deep learning model. In the internal validation dataset, the deep learning model had 83·6% (SD 2·5) accuracy, 93·2% (SD 2·2) sensitivity, 82·0% (SD 3·1) specificity, and an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0·93 (0·01) for detecting Alzheimer's disease-dementia.

Exploring Links Between Psychosis and Frontotemporal Dementia Using Multimodal Machine Learning: Dementia Praecox Revisited.
Koutsouleris Nikolaos et al. JAMA psychiatry 2022 8 (Posted: Aug 05, 2022 8AM)

In this diagnostic/prognostic study including 1870 patients, patients with schizophrenia expressed the neuroanatomical pattern of behavioral-variant frontotemporal dementia more strongly (41%) than that of Alzheimer disease (17%), and at lower levels, this difference was also encountered in those with major depression (22% vs 3%). Already in clinical high-risk states for psychosis the high expression of the behavioral-variant frontotemporal dementia pattern was linked to severe phenotypes, unfavorable courses, and elevated polygenic risks for schizophrenia and dementia, with further pattern progression being present in those patients who did not recover over time.

Multimodal deep learning for Alzheimer’s disease dementia assessment
S Qiu et al, Nature Comms, June 20, 2022 (Posted: Jun 20, 2022 10AM)

We report a deep learning framework that accomplishes multiple diagnostic steps in successive fashion to identify persons with normal cognition (NC), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), AD, and non-AD dementias (nADD). We demonstrate a range of models capable of accepting flexible combinations of routinely collected clinical information, including demographics, medical history, neuropsychological testing, neuroimaging, and functional assessments. We then show that these frameworks compare favorably with the diagnostic accuracy of practicing neurologists.

Analysis of Clinical Traits Associated With Cardiovascular Health, Genomic Profiles, and Neuroimaging Markers of Brain Health in Adults Without Stroke or Dementia.
Acosta Julián N et al. JAMA network open 2022 5 (5) e2215328 (Posted: May 29, 2022 11AM)

This genetic association study among 35?914 participants from the UK Biobank study found that better observed Life’s Simple 7 profiles were associated with lower white matter hyperintensity volume and higher brain volume and better genomic Life’s Simple 7 profiles were associated with lower white matter hyperintensity volumes. These findings suggest that cardiovascular health optimization, as measured by Life’s Simply 7 score, was associated with improved brain health in asymptomatic persons.

New insights into the genetic etiology of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias
C Bellenguez et al, Nature Genetics, April 4, 2022 (Posted: Apr 04, 2022 1PM)

We performed a two-stage genome-wide association study totaling 111,326 clinically diagnosed/‘proxy’ AD cases and 677,663 controls. We found 75 risk loci, of which 42 were new at the time of analysis. Pathway enrichment analyses confirmed the involvement of amyloid/tau pathways and highlighted microglia implication. Gene prioritization in the new loci identified 31 genes that were suggestive of new genetically associated processes, including the tumor necrosis factor alpha pathway through the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex. We also built a new genetic risk score associated with the risk of future AD/dementia or progression from mild cognitive impairment to AD/dementia. The improvement in prediction led to a 1.6- to 1.9-fold increase in AD risk from the lowest to the highest decile, in addition to effects of age and the APOE e4 allele.

Smartphone applications for informal caregivers of chronically ill patients: a scoping review
MG Marguarido et al, NPJ Digital Medicine, March 21, 2022 (Posted: Mar 21, 2022 7AM)

36 articles were included, encompassing 26 applications. Of these, smartphone applications were designed for use only by caregivers (n?=?15), with a few applications also intended to be used with patients (n?=?5), healthcare providers (n?=?4), or all three roles (n?=?2). Most applications targeted a single chronic condition (n?=?25), with Alzheimer’s and other dementia being the most common (n?=?18). Only one application was designed for management of multiple chronic conditions. Long-term evaluation methods are needed to continually assess the impact of applications on a range of process and health outcomes, such as usability, caregiver burden, and quality of life.

Genetic counselling and testing for neurodegenerative disorders using a proposed standard of practice for ALS/MND: diagnostic testing comes first
A Crook et al, EJHG, January 5, 2022 (Posted: Jan 05, 2022 9AM)

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS, commonly referred to as motor neuron disease (MND) in some countries) is a neurodegenerative disorder with an incidence of ~2.31 per 100,000 in Europe. About 20% of cases are caused by a pathogenic variant in one of several causative genes, and family history cannot be relied upon to confirm the presence of all pathogenic variants. This finding, along with the emergence of genotype-driven antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) therapies, is driving increased interest in diagnostic genetic testing for ALS/MND and associated frontotemporal dementia (FTD).

A genome-wide association study with 1,126,563 individuals identifies new risk loci for Alzheimer's disease.
Wightman Douglas P et al. Nature genetics 2021 9 (9) 1276-1282 (Posted: Sep 10, 2021 7AM)

Late-onset Alzheimer's disease is a prevalent age-related polygenic disease that accounts for 50-70% of dementia cases. Currently, only a fraction of the genetic variants underlying Alzheimer's disease have been identified. Here we show that increased sample sizes allowed identification of seven previously unidentified genetic loci contributing to Alzheimer's disease. This study highlights microglia, immune cells and protein catabolism as relevant to late-onset Alzheimer's disease, while identifying and prioritizing previously unidentified genes of potential interest. We anticipate that these results can be included in larger meta-analyses of Alzheimer's disease to identify further genetic variants that contribute to Alzheimer's pathology.

Controversy and Progress in Alzheimer's Disease - FDA Approval of Aducanumab.
Rabinovici Gil D et al. The New England journal of medicine 2021 7 (Posted: Jul 29, 2021 8AM)

Treatment should be initiated only after shared decision making by patient and clinician, including discussion of current ambiguity regarding clinical benefit. Treatment costs should be balanced against potential benefits, and equitable access should be ensured by robust patient-assistance programs, lest this expensive, specialized therapy exacerbate racial inequities in access to dementia care.

Comparison of CSF biomarkers in Down syndrome and autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease: a cross-sectional study
AM Fagan et al, Lancet Neurology, July 2021 (Posted: Jul 25, 2021 6AM)

Individuals with Down syndrome had patterns of Alzheimer's disease-related CSF biomarkers remarkably similar to carriers of autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease mutations, including reductions (all p<0·0080) in Aß1–42 to Aß1–40 ratio and increases in markers of phosphorylated tau-related processes; neuronal, axonal, and synaptic injury (p<0·080); and astrogliosis and neuroinflammation, with greater degrees of abnormality in individuals with dementia.

Increased risk for dementia in neurofibromatosis type 1
RA Kalionpaa et al, Genetics in Medicine, July 13, 2021 (Posted: Jul 14, 2021 7AM)

Healthy Lifestyle Tied to Reduced Dementia Despite Family History
Medscape, May 2021 (Posted: May 28, 2021 11AM)

Individuals at increased risk for dementia because of family history can reduce that risk by adopting healthy lifestyle behaviors, data from more than 300,000 adults aged 50-73 years suggest.

Prediction of future Alzheimer’s disease dementia using plasma phospho-tau combined with other accessible measures
S Palmqvist et al, Nature Medicine, May 24, 2021 (Posted: May 25, 2021 7AM)

A combination of plasma phospho-tau (P-tau) and other accessible biomarkers might provide accurate prediction about the risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD) dementia. We examined this in participants with subjective cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment from the BioFINDER (n?=?340) and Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) (n?=?543) studies. Plasma P-tau, plasma Aß42/Aß40, plasma neurofilament light, APOE genotype, brief cognitive tests and an AD-specific magnetic resonance imaging measure were examined using progression to AD as outcome. Within 4 years, plasma P-tau217 predicted AD accurately (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.83) in BioFINDER. Combining plasma P-tau217, memory, executive function and APOE produced higher accuracy (AUC = 0.91, P?<?0.001).

Genome-wide survival study identifies a novel synaptic locus and polygenic score for cognitive progression in Parkinson’s disease
G Liu et al, Nature Genetics, May 6, 2021 (Posted: May 07, 2021 10AM)

We performed a longitudinal genome-wide survival study of 11.2 million variants in 3,821 patients with PD over 31,053 visits. We discover RIMS2 as a progression locus and confirm this in a replicate population (hazard ratio (HR)?=?4.77, P?=?2.78?×?10-11), identify suggestive evidence for TMEM108 (HR?=?2.86, P?=?2.09?×?10-8) and WWOX (HR?=?2.12, P?=?2.37?×?10-8) as progression loci, and confirm associations for GBA (HR?=?1.93, P?=?0.0002) and APOE (HR?=?1.48, P?=?0.001). Polygenic progression scores exhibit a substantial aggregate association with dementia risk.

Extension of Mendelian Randomization to Identify Earliest Manifestations of Alzheimer's Disease: Genetic Risk Score for Alzheimer's Disease Reduces BMI by Age 50.
Brenowitz Willa D et al. American journal of epidemiology 2021 4 (Posted: Apr 18, 2021 8AM)

Weight loss or lower Body Mass Index (BMI) may be an early symptom of Alzheimer's disease (AD) but when this begins to emerge is difficult to estimate with traditional observational data. In an extension of Mendelian randomization, we used genetic risk for late-onset AD risk to estimate the causal effect of AD on BMI and the earliest ages at which AD-related weight loss (or lower BMI as a proxy) occurs. 407,386 UK Biobank participants enrolled 2007-2010 without dementia.

Individualized prognosis of cognitive decline and dementia in mild cognitive impairment based on plasma biomarker combinations
NC Cullen et al Nature Aging, November 30, 2020 (Posted: Dec 01, 2020 8AM)

We developed models for individualized risk prediction of cognitive decline in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) using plasma biomarkers of ß-amyloid (Aß), tau and neurodegeneration. A total of 573 patients were included in the study. A model combining tau phosphorylated at threonine 181 (P-tau181) and neurofilament light (NfL), but not Aß42/Aß40, had the best prognosis performance of all models.

Alexa, do I have COVID-19?
E AnNthes, Nature News, September 30, 2020 (Posted: Oct 02, 2020 9AM)

Researchers are exploring ways to use people’s voices to diagnose coronavirus infections, dementia, depression and much more.

Blood DNA methylation signatures to detect dementia prior to overt clinical symptoms
PD Fransquet et al, Blood Based Biomarkers, July 2020 (Posted: Jul 22, 2020 8AM)

DNAm was measured in 73 individuals prior to dementia diagnosis and 87 cognitively healthy controls matched for age, sex, smoking, education, and baseline cognition. Discernible blood DNAm signatures are in dementia cases before the appearance of overt clinical symptoms. Further investigation is needed to determine clinical utility.

The Medical Genome Reference Bank contains whole genome and phenotype data of 2570 healthy elderly
M Pinese, Nature Communications, January 2020 (Posted: Jan 25, 2020 8AM)

The Genome Reference Bank (MGRB), comprising whole genome sequence and phenotype of 2570 elderly Australians depleted for cancer, cardiovascular disease, and dementia. MGRB individuals have fewer disease-associated common and rare germline variants, relative to both cancer cases and the gnomAD and UK Biobank cohorts,

Machine Learning-Based Framework for Differential Diagnosis Between Vascular Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease Using Structural MRI Features.
Zheng Yineng et al. Frontiers in neurology 2019 101097 (Posted: Nov 13, 2019 8AM)

Diagnosis and Management of Dementia: Review.
Arvanitakis Zoe et al. JAMA 2019 10 (16) 1589-1599 (Posted: Nov 04, 2019 8AM)

Additional evaluation with cerebrospinal fluid assays or genetic testing may be considered in atypical dementia cases, such as age of onset younger than 65 years, rapid symptom onset, and/or impairment in multiple cognitive domains.

Predicting Clinical Dementia Rating Using Blood RNA Levels
JB Miller et al, MedRXIV, November 2, 2019 (Posted: Nov 03, 2019 7AM)

The Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) is commonly used to assess cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease patients. We then used machine learning to predict cognitive status using only blood RNA levels. We propose that combining individually suggestive, blood RNA levels can significantly improve diagnostic accuracy.

Association of Acquired and Heritable Factors With Intergenerational Differences in Age at Symptomatic Onset of Alzheimer Disease Between Offspring and Parents With Dementia
GS Day et al, JAMA Network Open, October 2019 (Posted: Oct 17, 2019 9AM)

Can a Healthy Lifestyle Reduce Your Risk of Dementia Regardless of Your Genes? – Part II
S Bowen et al, CDC Blog, October 2, 2019 Brand (Posted: Oct 04, 2019 10AM)

There is a growing body of evidence that a healthy lifestyle may lower risk of dementia for most people. Perhaps Dr. Licher, the lead author of the Rotterdam based study, says it best: “The importance of a healthy lifestyle to lower the risk of dementia is increasingly recognized. I think these results should not alter that message.”

Can Lifestyle Choices Offset Dementia Risk Genes? Healthy lifestyle tied to lower dementia risk for many people, but not high-risk APOE carriers
J George, Medpage Today, August 26, 2019 (Posted: Aug 28, 2019 7AM)

Genetic predisposition, modifiable-risk-factor profile and long-term dementia risk in the general population
S Licher et al, Nature Medicine, August 26, 2019 (Posted: Aug 26, 2019 11AM)

Genetic predisposition and modifiable risks for late-life dementia
K Rockwood et al, Nature Medicine, August 26, 2019 (Posted: Aug 26, 2019 11AM)

A new Rotterdam study shows that modifiable lifestyle risk factors are able to reduce dementia risk only in people with low genetic risk. The findings of the study contrast with those from another large population-based study using data from the UK Biobank.

Dementia, lifestyle and the genome
Genomics Education UK, August 19, 2019 (Posted: Aug 20, 2019 9AM)

When it comes to dementia, it isn’t all in the genes… Over 8 years, 1.2 percent of those with highest genetic risk developed dementia compared with 0.6 percent of those with the lowest. When analyzing data by lifestyle groups, 0.8 percent of those who reported favorable lifestyles had dementia, compared with 1.2 percent of people with unfavorable lifestyles

Can a Healthy Lifestyle Reduce Your Risk of Dementia Regardless of Your Genes?
S Bowen et al, CDC Blog, August 14, 2019 Brand (Posted: Aug 15, 2019 8AM)

A large retrospective, cohort study found that a healthy lifestyle is associated with a lower risk for dementia among people considered at high genetic risk. This study illustrates an example of "genes do not equal health destiny". While your genome may place you at higher risk for certain diseases, you may be able to lower that risk.

New study offers "good news" for those with genetic risk for Alzheimer's
CBS News, July 15, 2019 (Posted: Jul 17, 2019 8AM)

A healthy lifestyle can cut your risk of developing Alzheimer's or other forms of dementia even if you have genes that raise your risk for these mind-destroying diseases, a large study has found. Regardless of how much genetic risk someone had, a good diet, adequate exercise, limiting alcohol and not smoking made dementia less likely.

A healthy lifestyle may offset genetic risk for Alzheimer’s
Associated Press, July 14, 2019 (via StatNews) (Posted: Jul 16, 2019 8AM)

A healthy lifestyle can cut your risk of developing Alzheimer?s or other forms of dementia even if you have genes that raise your risk for these mind-destroying diseases, a large study has found. People with high genetic risk and poor health habits were about three times more likely to develop dementia versus those with low genetic risk and good habits. Regardless of how much genetic risk someone had, a good diet, adequate exercise, limiting alcohol and not smoking made dementia less likely.

Association of Lifestyle and Genetic Risk With Incidence of Dementia
Lourida, I. JAMA. Published online July 14, 2019 (Posted: Jul 15, 2019 1PM)

Another Amyloid-beta Blocker Fails to Halt Dementia
A Slomski, JAMA, June 25, 2019 (Posted: Jul 01, 2019 9AM)

The Truth About Aging and Dementia
CDC, 2019 Brand (Posted: May 18, 2019 0PM)

The relationship between sleep duration, cognition and dementia: a Mendelian randomization study.
Henry Albert et al. International journal of epidemiology 2019 May (Posted: May 10, 2019 8AM)

Dementia risk prediction models - what do policymakers need to know
PHG Foundation, March 19, 2019 (Posted: Mar 20, 2019 8AM)

10-year risk estimates for dementia may help early targeted prevention
Science Blog, September 4, 2018 (Posted: Sep 04, 2018 2PM)

Absolute 10-year risk of dementia by age, sex and APOE genotype: a population-based cohort study
KL Rasmussen et al, CMAJ, September 4, 2018 (Posted: Sep 04, 2018 2PM)

Effect of Apolipoprotein E ɛ4 Carrier Status on Cognitive Response to Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Cheng Ying-Chih et al. Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders 2018 Jul 45(5-6) 335-352 (Posted: Aug 01, 2018 10AM)

Alzheimer's Disease and Frontotemporal Dementia: The Current State of Genetics and Genetic Testing Since the Advent of Next-Generation Sequencing.
Goldman Jill S et al. Molecular diagnosis & therapy 2018 Jul (Posted: Jul 11, 2018 9AM)

Molecular memories: is genomics key to a dementia cure?
Genomics Education UK, Dec 6, 2017 (Posted: Dec 09, 2017 11AM)

Warnings over shock dementia revelations from ancestry DNA tests
R McKie, The Guardian, August 2017 (Posted: Aug 27, 2017 6PM)

Predictive genetic testing for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia: genetic counselling considerations.
Crook Ashley et al. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis & frontotemporal degeneration 2017 Jun 1-11 (Posted: Jun 07, 2017 9AM)

Genetics insight into the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/frontotemporal dementia spectrum.
Ji Ai-Ling et al. Journal of medical genetics 2017 Mar (3) 145-154 (Posted: Apr 04, 2017 9AM)

Genetics of Frontotemporal Dementia.
Olszewska Diana A et al. Current neurology and neuroscience reports 2016 Dec (12) 107 (Posted: Dec 13, 2016 9AM)

Dementia Research—A Roadmap for the Next Decade
BJ Traynor et al, JAMA Neurology, December 12, 2016 (Posted: Dec 13, 2016 9AM)

Precision Medicine: Clarity for the Complexity of Dementia.
Cholerton Brenna et al. The American journal of pathology 2015 Dec (Posted: Jan 06, 2016 8PM)

Genetic signature of ageing could also predict dementia risk
P Brice, PHG Foundation, September 6, 2015 (Posted: Sep 08, 2015 8AM)

Screening of dementia genes by whole-exome sequencing in early-onset Alzheimer disease: input and lessons
G Nicolas, Eur J Human Genetic, August 5, 2015 (Posted: Aug 05, 2015 1PM)

Prevalence of Cerebral Amyloid Pathology in Persons Without Dementia: A Meta-analysis
W J Jansen et al, JAMA, May 19, 2015 (Posted: May 19, 2015 3PM)

Prevalence of Amyloid PET Positivity in Dementia Syndromes: A Meta-analysis
R Ossenkoppele et al, JAMA May 19, 2015 (Posted: May 19, 2015 3PM)

Defining Amyloid Pathology in Persons With and Without Dementia SyndromesMaking the Right Diagnosis
RN Rosenberg, JAMA< May 19, 2015 (Posted: May 19, 2015 2PM)

Genetic factors in cerebral small vessel disease and their impact on stroke and dementia.
Haffner Christof et al. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 2015 Apr 22. (Posted: May 05, 2015 10AM)

Genetic variability in SQSTM1 and risk of early-onset Alzheimer dementia: a European early-onset dementia consortium study.
Cuyvers Elise et al. Neurobiol. Aging 2015 May (5) 2005.e15-22 (Posted: May 01, 2015 11AM)

Vascular dementia
From NHLBI health topic site Brand (Posted: Jan 01, 2014 0AM)

Also known as Vascular Contributions to Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Vascular dementia, the second most common form of dementia, is caused by conditions that damage the blood vessels in the brain or interfere with proper blood flow and oxygen delivery to the brain. Overview Vascular dementia is the second most common form of dementia, after Alzheimer?s disease, affecting almost a third of people over age 70. Dementia causes a decline in brain function, or cognitive abilities, beyond what is expected from the normal aging process. Dementia causes problems with memory, thinking, behavior, language skills, and decision making. Vascular dementia is caused by conditions that damage the blood vessels in the brain, depriving the brain of oxygen. This oxygen shortage inhibits the brain?s ability to work as well as it should. For example, stroke blocks blood flow to the brain, decreasing oxygen. However, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and smoking also increase the risk of vascular dementia. Vascular dementia in patients can occur alone or with Alzheimer?s disease. To diagnose cognitive impairment and dementia, your doctor will ask about problems you may have carrying out daily activities. Your doctor will give you brief memory or thinking tests and may ask to speak with a relative or friend who knows you well. To determine whether vascular dementia is the cause of any cognitive impairment or dementia that you may have, your doctor will consider your medical history and your lifestyle (such as your eating patterns, physical activity level, sleep health, and whether you are or have been a smoker), and order imaging tests. Diagnosis can take time. This is because it is often difficult to tell whether symptoms are a result of problems with the blood vessels, as is the case with vascular dementia, or whether they are from Alzheimer?s disease. If your doctor diagnoses you with vascular dementia, your treatment plan may include taking medicine or using medical devices to manage other conditions, such as high blood pressure, atherosclerosis, or sleep apnea, that may cause your vascular dementia to worsen. Your doctor may also recommend that you adopt heart-healthy lifestyle changes, such as heart-healthy eating, which includes limiting alcohol, getting regular physical activity, aiming for a healthy weight; quitting smoking; and managing stress.

Opticoacoustic nerve atrophy dementia
From NCATS Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center Brand (Posted: Jan 01, 2011 0AM)

AIDS Dementia Complex
From NCATS Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center Brand (Posted: Jan 01, 2011 0AM)

Dementia familial British
From NCATS Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center Brand (Posted: Jan 01, 2011 0AM)

Frontotemporal dementia
From NCATS Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center Brand (Posted: Jan 01, 2011 0AM)

Dementia, familial Danish
From NCATS Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center Brand (Posted: Jan 01, 2011 0AM)

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-parkinsonism/dementia complex 1
From NCATS Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center Brand (Posted: Jan 01, 2011 0AM)

Frontotemporal dementia, ubiquitin-positive
From NCATS Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center Brand (Posted: Jan 01, 2011 0AM)

Presenile dementia, Kraepelin type
From NCATS Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center Brand (Posted: Jan 01, 2011 0AM)

Semantic dementia
From NCATS Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center Brand (Posted: Jan 01, 2011 0AM)

Inclusion body myopathy with early-onset Paget disease and frontotemporal dementia
From NCATS Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center Brand (Posted: Jan 01, 2011 0AM)


Disclaimer: Articles listed in Hot Topics of the Day are selected by Public Health Genomics Branch to provide current awareness of the scientific literature and news. Inclusion in the update does not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention nor does it imply endorsement of the article's methods or findings. CDC and DHHS assume no responsibility for the factual accuracy of the items presented. The selection, omission, or content of items does not imply any endorsement or other position taken by CDC or DHHS. Opinion, findings and conclusions expressed by the original authors of items included in the Clips, or persons quoted therein, are strictly their own and are in no way meant to represent the opinion or views of CDC or DHHS. References to publications, news sources, and non-CDC Websites are provided solely for informational purposes and do not imply endorsement by CDC or DHHS.
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