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Infectious Disease PHGKB

Specific PHGKB|Infectious Diseases PHGKB|Public Health Genomics and Precision Health Knowledge Base (PHGKB)
Last Posted: Apr 25, 2024
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Microbiome-based therapeutics
(Posted Apr 21, 2024 8AM)

From the article: "The gut microbiome plays an important part in a number of gastrointestinal conditions, including Clostridioides difficile infection and inflammatory bowel disease. Interest in modulating the gut microbiome, through prebiotics, probiotics, and natural or artificial microbiota therapeutics, has increased markedly in the past decade. Although the field has developed rapidly, it has faced reproducibility issues and encountered safety and regulatory hurdles. This two-part Series explores the development and promise of artificial microbiome therapeutics, and the current and future perspectives for microbiota therapies for treating inflammatory bowel disease. "

Adherence to the Mediterranean diet can beneficially affect the gut microbiota composition: a systematic review
(Posted Apr 19, 2024 10AM)

From the abstract: "Dietary patterns could have a notable role in shaping gut microbiota composition. Evidence confirms the positive impact of the Mediterranean diet (MD), as one of the most studied healthy dietary patterns, on the gut microbiota profile. We conducted this systematic review to investigate the results of observational studies and clinical trials regarding the possible changes in the gut microbiota composition, metabolites, and clinical outcomes following adherence to MD in healthy cases or patients suffering from metabolic disorders. "

Dynamic SARS-CoV-2 surveillance model combining seroprevalence and wastewater concentrations for post-vaccine disease burden estimates
RH Holm et al, Comm Med, April 9, 2024 (Posted Apr 10, 2024 8AM)

From the abstract: "We used weekly SARS-CoV-2 wastewater concentration with a stratified random sampling of seroprevalence, and linked vaccination and hospitalization data, from April 2021–August 2021 in Jefferson County, Kentucky (USA). We show the 64% county vaccination rate translate into about a 61% decrease in SARS-CoV-2 incidence. The estimated effect of SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant emergence is a 24-fold increase of infection counts, which correspond to an over 9-fold increase in wastewater concentration. Hospitalization burden and wastewater concentration have the strongest correlation (r?=?0.95) at 1 week lag."

Genomics reveals heterogeneous Plasmodium falciparum transmission and selection signals in Zambia.
Abebe A Fola et al. Commun Med (Lond) 2024 4 (1) 67 (Posted Apr 10, 2024 8AM)

From the abstract: "We conducted genomic surveillance of Plasmodium falciparum parasites from the 2018 Malaria Indicator Survey in Zambia, a nationally representative household survey of children under five years of age. We whole-genome sequenced and analyzed 241?P. falciparum genomes from regions with varying levels of malaria transmission across Zambia and estimated genetic metrics that are informative about transmission intensity, genetic relatedness between parasites, and selection. We provide genomic evidence of widespread within-host polygenomic infections, regardless of epidemiological characteristics, underscoring the extensive and ongoing endemic malaria transmission in Zambia. Our analysis reveals country-level clustering of parasites from Zambia and neighboring regions, with distinct separation in West Africa. "


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Disclaimer: Articles listed in the Public Health Knowledge Base are selected by Public Health Genomics Branch to provide current awareness of the literature and news. Inclusion in the update does not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention nor does it imply endorsement of the article's methods or findings. CDC and DHHS assume no responsibility for the factual accuracy of the items presented. The selection, omission, or content of items does not imply any endorsement or other position taken by CDC or DHHS. Opinion, findings and conclusions expressed by the original authors of items included in the update, or persons quoted therein, are strictly their own and are in no way meant to represent the opinion or views of CDC or DHHS. References to publications, news sources, and non-CDC Websites are provided solely for informational purposes and do not imply endorsement by CDC or DHHS.

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