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Last Posted: May 30, 2024
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Strategies to improve implementation of cascade testing in hereditary cancer syndromes: a systematic review
J Chiang et al, NPJ Genomic Medicine, April 5, 2024

From the abstract: " Despite growing efforts targeted at improving cascade testing uptake, current literature continues to reflect poor rates of uptake, typically below 30%. This study aims to systematically review current literature on intervention strategies to improve cascade testing, assess the quality of intervention descriptions and evaluate the implementation outcomes of listed interventions. This systematic review shows that most interventions have demonstrated success in improving cascade testing uptake. Uptake of cascade testing was highest with delivery arrangement (68%). However, the quality of description of interventions and assessment of implementation outcomes are often suboptimal, hindering their replication and implementation downstream."

Cancer risks among first-degree relatives of women with a genetic predisposition to breast cancer.
Qingyang Xiao et al. J Natl Cancer Inst 2024 2

From the abstract: "We used women from two Swedish cohorts (KARMA and pKARMA), including 28,362 women with genotyping data and 13,226 with sequencing data. Using Swedish Multi-Generation Register, we linked these women to 133,389 first-degree relatives. Associations between protein-truncating variants (PTVs) in 8 risk genes and breast cancer polygenic risk score (PRS) in index women and cancer risks among their relatives were modeled via Cox regression.Female relatives of index women who were PTV carriers in any of the 8 risk genes had an increased breast cancer risk compared to those of non-carriers (HR 1.85, 95% CI: 1.52-2.27), with the strongest association found for PTVs in BRCA1/2. "

Secondary (additional) findings from the 100,000 Genomes Project: disease manifestation, healthcare outcomes and costs of disclosure
J Nolan et al, Genetics in Medicine, December 19, 2023

From the abstract: "The UK 100,000 Genomes Project offered participants screening for additional findings (AFs) in genes associated with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) or hereditary cancer syndromes including breast/ovarian cancer (HBOC), Lynch, familial adenomatous polyposis, MYH-associated polyposis, multiple endocrine neoplasia, von Hippel-Lindau. Here we report disclosure processes, manifestation of AF-related disease, outcomes and costs. "

How Holiday Conversations About Cancer Can Save Lives
G Hurst, Cure, December 13, 2023

From the article: "Silently plaguing our family is Lynch syndrome, a hereditary cancer syndrome that increases the risk of developing various cancers. This genetic predisposition often goes undetected, affecting approximately 1 in 279 Americans. Lynch syndrome arises from mutations in genes responsible for DNA error repair, potentially leading to tumor formation and triggering cancer. Knowing your family history of Lynch syndrome can be a life-saving intervention. Sadly, it took two of my brothers to develop cancer before I became aware of it. Early detection and screening have reduced my risk of developing cancer and since my diagnosis of having Lynch syndrome, treatment options for those who develop Lynch syndrome cancers have advanced considerably. "

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Disclaimer: Articles listed in the Public Health Genomics and Precision Health Knowledge Base are selected by the CDC Office of Public Health Genomics to provide current awareness of the literature and news. Inclusion in the update does not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention nor does it imply endorsement of the article's methods or findings. CDC and DHHS assume no responsibility for the factual accuracy of the items presented. The selection, omission, or content of items does not imply any endorsement or other position taken by CDC or DHHS. Opinion, findings and conclusions expressed by the original authors of items included in the update, or persons quoted therein, are strictly their own and are in no way meant to represent the opinion or views of CDC or DHHS. References to publications, news sources, and non-CDC Websites are provided solely for informational purposes and do not imply endorsement by CDC or DHHS.

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