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Hot Topics of the Day are picked by experts to capture the latest information and publications on public health genomics and precision health for various diseases and health topics. Sources include published scientific literature, reviews, blogs and popular press articles.

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138 hot topic(s) found with the query "Depression"

Susceptibility to Treatment-Resistant Depression Within Families.
Chih-Ming Cheng et al. JAMA Psychiatry 2024 4 (Posted: Apr 05, 2024 9AM)

From the abstract: " Is the treatment-resistant depression (TRD) phenotype transmitted within a family? This cohort study found that, compared with control individuals match for birth year, sex, and kinship, first-degree-relatives of individuals with TRD had an increased risk of developing TRD and increased suicide mortality. The findings suggest that a family history of TRD might be a clinically significant risk factor for resistance to antidepressant treatment and increased suicide mortality, indicating that combining or altering therapies for depression might be considered instead of monotherapy at an earlier treatment stage. "

Rethinking non-syndromic hearing loss and its mimics in the genomic era
B Vona, EJHG, March 6, 2024 (Posted: Mar 06, 2024 9AM)

From the article: "The sense of hearing plays a crucial role in everyday life, from influencing speech and language development in early childhood to reducing risk of social isolation, depression and cognitive decline in the elderly. The causes of hearing loss are numerous, although genetic causes are thought to be implicated in up to 80% of congenital diagnoses (reviewed in ref. [1]). The remarkable complexity of the auditory system is mirrored in its extensive genetic heterogeneity, with deleterious variants in hundreds of genes already associated with hearing loss and many more awaiting discovery. "

Personalized mood prediction from patterns of behavior collected with smartphones
B Balliu et al, NPJ DIgital Medicine, February 28, 2024 (Posted: Mar 03, 2024 10AM)

From the abstract: "We report high-quality longitudinal validated assessments of depressive mood from computerized adaptive testing paired with continuous digital assessments of behavior from smartphone sensors for up to 40 weeks on 183 individuals experiencing mild to severe symptoms of depression. We apply a combination of cubic spline interpolation and idiographic models to generate individualized predictions of future mood from the digital behavioral phenotypes, achieving high prediction accuracy of depression severity up to three weeks in advance (R2 =?80%) and a 65.7% reduction in the prediction error. "

Wearable Technology in Clinical Practice for Depressive Disorder
S Fedor et al, NEJM, December 28, 2023 (Posted: Jan 02, 2024 10AM)

From the article: "Wearables enable passive monitoring (i.e., monitoring without active input) of behavioral and physiological factors. The greater frequency and objectivity of wearable measurements help overcome some of the limitations of adherence and bias when depression is monitored exclusively with self-reports. Longitudinal measurements from wearables — especially when coupled with contextual data from smartphones — have the potential to augment existing clinical decision-making processes in psychiatry. Complementing patient self-reports, these measurements increase the information available for differential diagnosis or treatment planning. "

Machine learning identifies risk factors associated with long-term sick leave following COVID-19 in Danish population
KD Jacobsen et al, Comm Med, December 20, 2023 (Posted: Dec 20, 2023 9AM)

From the abstract: "Here, in a cohort of 88,818 individuals, including 37,482 with a confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, the RD of long-term sick-leave is 3.3% (95% CI 3.1% to 3.6%). We observe a high degree of effect heterogeneity, with conditional RDs ranging from -3.4% to 13.7%. Age, high BMI, depression, and sex are the most important variables explaining heterogeneity. "

Epigenome-wide association studies of prenatal maternal mental health and infant epigenetic profiles: a systematic review.
Emily Drzymalla et al. Transl Psychiatry 2023 12 (1) 377 (Posted: Dec 08, 2023 8AM)

From the abstract: "Prenatal stress and poor maternal mental health are associated with adverse offspring outcomes; however, the biological mechanisms are unknown. Epigenetic modification has linked maternal health with offspring development. Epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) have examined offspring DNA methylation profiles for association with prenatal maternal mental health to elucidate mechanisms of these complex relationships. The objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive, systematic review of EWASs of infant epigenetic profiles and prenatal maternal anxiety, depression, or depression treatment. "

Social and physical predictors of mental health impact in adult women who have an FMR1 premutation
C Kraan et al, Genetics in Med Open, August 26, 2023 (Posted: Aug 29, 2023 11AM)

From the abstract: "Clear understanding of mental health phenotypes and associated socioeconomic, physical health and wellbeing impacts in adult women with an FMR1 premutation (PM) is needed for counselling and primary healthcare. This is a survey of 137 participants. Depression was found in ~30% and social anxiety in ~38%. With depression status the outcome variable, strongest associations were for low education, diagnosis of migraine, diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and self-reported hearing loss symptoms."

Preliminary Evidence for Genetic Nurture in Depression and Neuroticism Through Polygenic Scores.
Justin D Tubbs et al. JAMA Psychiatry 2023 6 (8) 832-841 (Posted: Aug 03, 2023 6PM)

Is there evidence for parental genetic nurture in the risk of depression and neuroticism? In this cross-sectional study of 38?702 offspring, results from polygenic score (PGS) modeling provide limited preliminary evidence of genetic nurture in depression and neuroticism. Parental PGSs for depression were significantly associated with offspring neuroticism, with a regression estimate two-thirds that of the offspring’s own PGS, whereas results suggest that previous associations between cannabis use PGS and depression may be noticeably biased by parental genetic nurture.

A multivariate blood metabolite algorithm stably predicts risk and resilience to major depressive disorder in the general population
DER Smith et al, Ebiomedicine, June 14, 2023 (Posted: Jun 15, 2023 8AM)

Socioeconomic pressures, sex, and physical health status strongly influence the development of major depressive disorder (MDD) and mask other contributing factors in small cohorts. Resilient individuals overcome adversity without the onset of psychological symptoms, but resilience, as for susceptibility, has a complex and multifaceted molecular basis. Using data from the UK biobank, we found that 381 blood metabolites and clinical chemistry variables and 4 urine metabolites were integrated to generate a multivariate random forest-based algorithm using 10-fold cross-validation to predict prospective MDD risk and resilience.

Systematic review and meta-analysis of performance of wearable artificial intelligence in detecting and predicting depression
AA AlRazak et al, NPJ Digital Medicine, May 5, 2023 (Posted: May 05, 2023 10AM)

AI is a promising tool for depression detection and prediction although it is in its infancy and not ready for use in clinical practice. Until further research improve its performance, wearable AI should be used in conjunction with other methods for diagnosing and predicting depression. Further studies are needed to examine the performance of wearable AI based on a combination of wearable device data and neuroimaging data and to distinguish patients with depression from those with other diseases.

Circadian rhythm biomarker from wearable device data is related to concurrent antidepressant treatment response
FZ Ali et al, NPJ Digital Medicine, April 29, 2023 (Posted: Apr 30, 2023 6AM)

40 participants with MDD provided actigraphy data using wearable devices for one week after initiating antidepressant treatment in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Their depression severity was calculated pretreatment, after one week and eight weeks of treatment. This study assesses the relationship between parametric and nonparametric measures of circadian rhythm and change in depression. Results show significant association between a lower circadian quotient (reflecting less robust rhythmicity) and improvement in depression from baseline following first week of treatment.

What Is Marfan Syndrome?
Heidi M Connolly et al. JAMA 2023 4 (Posted: Apr 15, 2023 8AM)

Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder that affects connective tissue throughout the body. Marfan syndrome is estimated to affect 1 in 5000 individuals worldwide and occurs with equal frequency in males and females. People with Marfan syndrome often have eye lens dislocation, tall stature, long fingers and toes, flat feet, abnormal curvature of the spine, deformities of the breastbone, and stretch marks on their skin. Abnormal joint mobility, chronic pain, depression, and impaired vision occur more commonly in individuals with Marfan syndrome than in the general population.

Dutch Pharmacogenetics Working Group (DPWG) guideline for the gene-drug interaction between CYP2D6, CYP3A4 and CYP1A2 and antipsychotics
L Beunk et al, EJHG, March 31, 2023 (Posted: Mar 31, 2023 7AM)

Even though evidence is limited, the DPWG recommends choosing an alternative drug to treat symptoms of depression or a dose reduction for other indications for quetiapine and CYP3A4 PMs. No therapy adjustments are recommended for the other CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 predicted phenotypes. In addition, no action is required for the gene-drug combinations CYP2D6 and clozapine, flupentixol, olanzapine or quetiapine and also not for CYP1A2 and clozapine or olanzapine.

Digital cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia on depression and anxiety: a systematic review and meta-analysis
S Lee et al, NPJ Digital Medicine, March 25, 2023 (Posted: Mar 25, 2023 8AM)

Despite research into the development of digital cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (dCBT-I), research into the outcomes of dCBT-I on insomnia and the associated clinical conditions of depression and anxiety have been limited. The PubMed, PsycINFO (Ovid), Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on adult patients with insomnia also having reported measures of depressive or anxiety symptoms. We found that digital intervention for insomnia yielded significant effects on alleviating depressive and anxiety symptoms as well as insomnia symptoms. Specifically, the study demonstrated significant effects on the above symptoms when considering treatment adherence and implementing fully automated dCBT-I.

Pharmacogenetics in the Treatment of Huntington’s Disease: Review and Future Perspectives
XG Gonzalez et al, J Pers Med, February 22, 2023 (Posted: Feb 22, 2023 6AM)

Huntington’s disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant progressive brain disorder, caused by a pathological expansion of a CAG repeat that encodes the huntingtin gene. This genetic neurodegenerative rare disease is characterized by cognitive, motor, and neuropsychiatric manifestations. The aim of the treatment is symptomatic and addresses the hyperkinetic disorders (chorea, dystonia, myoclonus, tics, etc.) and the behavioral and cognitive disturbances (depression, anxiety, psychosis, etc.) associated with the disease. HD is still a complex condition in need of innovative and efficient treatment.

Systematic review of economic evaluations for internet- and mobile-based interventions for mental health problems
F Kahlke et al, NPJ Digital Medicine, November 2022 (Posted: Nov 28, 2022 11AM)

Of the 4044 studies, 36 economic evaluations were reviewed. Guided IMIs were likely to be cost-effective in depression and anxiety. The quality of most evaluations was good, albeit with some risks of bias. Heterogeneity across studies was high because of factors such as different costing methods, design, comparison groups, and outcomes used. IMIs for anxiety and depression have potential to be cost-effective. However, more research is needed into unguided (preventive) IMIs with active control conditions (e.g., treatment as usual) and longer time horizon across a wider range of disorders.

Parental Depression and Anxiety Associated with Newborn Bloodspot Screening for Rare and Variable-Onset Disorders
NB Boychuk et al, IJNS, November 10, 2022 (Posted: Nov 11, 2022 6AM)

Clinical utility of pharmacogenetics in a psychiatric and primary care population
KN Bohlen et al, The PGX Journal, October 27, 2022 (Posted: Oct 27, 2022 9AM)

This study evaluated the timing, use, and clinical outcomes of a pharmacogenomic panel in a healthcare setting with patients managed by primary care providers or by psychiatrists. Participants were randomized to receive a pharmacogenetics report at four weeks or 12 weeks. We found that mental quality of life, depression severity, and clinical outcomes were improved by pharmacogenomic testing regardless of provider type, with earlier testing improving outcomes sooner.

Meta-analysis of pharmacogenetic clinical decision support systems for the treatment of major depressive disorder
V Skryabin et al, The PGX journal, October 22, 2022 (Posted: Oct 24, 2022 10AM)

Publications referring to genotype-guided antidepressant therapy were identified. We found that studies comparing clinical outcomes between two groups of patients who received antidepressant treatment were included in meta-analysis. Analysis of the data revealed statistically significant differences between the experimental group receiving pharmacogenetically guided dosing and the empirically treated controls. Specifically, genotype-guided treatment significantly improved response and remission of patients after both eight and twelve weeks of therapy,

Fitbit step counts clarify the association between activity and chronic disease risk
Nature Medicine, October 11, 2022 (Posted: Oct 12, 2022 8AM)

Using electronic health records data from the All of Us Research Program, we show that higher daily step counts in data collected over several years of Fitbit fitness tracker use were associated with lower risk of common, chronic diseases, including diabetes, hypertension, gastroesophageal reflux disease, depression, obesity and sleep apnea.

Genome-by-Trauma Exposure Interactions in Adults With Depression in the UK Biobank.
Chuong Melisa et al. JAMA psychiatry 2022 9 (Posted: Sep 30, 2022 7AM)

This cross-sectional study used an approach combining all genome-wide SNV data when exploring genome-by-trauma interactions in individuals with MDD; findings suggest that such interactions were associated with depression manifestation. Genome-by-trauma interaction accounts for greater trait variance in male individuals, which points to potential differences in depression etiology between the sexes. The methodology used in this study can be extrapolated to other environmental factors to identify modifiable risk environments and at-risk groups to target with interventions.

A systematic review of digital and face-to-face cognitive behavioral therapy for depression
NPJ Digital Medicine, September 15, 2022 (Posted: Sep 15, 2022 7AM)

Exploring Links Between Psychosis and Frontotemporal Dementia Using Multimodal Machine Learning: Dementia Praecox Revisited.
Koutsouleris Nikolaos et al. JAMA psychiatry 2022 8 (Posted: Aug 05, 2022 8AM)

In this diagnostic/prognostic study including 1870 patients, patients with schizophrenia expressed the neuroanatomical pattern of behavioral-variant frontotemporal dementia more strongly (41%) than that of Alzheimer disease (17%), and at lower levels, this difference was also encountered in those with major depression (22% vs 3%). Already in clinical high-risk states for psychosis the high expression of the behavioral-variant frontotemporal dementia pattern was linked to severe phenotypes, unfavorable courses, and elevated polygenic risks for schizophrenia and dementia, with further pattern progression being present in those patients who did not recover over time.

Association of Everyday Discrimination With Depressive Symptoms and Suicidal Ideation During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the All of Us Research Program
YH Lee et al, JAMA Psychiatry, July 27, 2022 (Posted: Jul 27, 2022 2PM)

In this cohort study, everyday discrimination was associated with significantly increased odds of moderate to severe depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation between May and July 2020. Notably, this association was stronger among participants self-identifying as Hispanic or Latino or non-Hispanic Asian when the main reason for discrimination was race, ancestry, or national origins.

Incorporating family history of disease improves polygenic risk scores in diverse populations
MLA Hujeol et al, Cell Genomics, July 13, 2022 (Posted: Jul 14, 2022 7AM)

Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) derived from genotype data and family history (FH) of disease provide valuable information for predicting disease risk, but PRSs perform poorly when applied to diverse populations. Here, we explore methods for combining both types of information (PRS-FH) in UK Biobank data. We evaluated PRS, FH, and PRS-FH using liability-scale R2, primarily focusing on 3 well-powered diseases (type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and depression). PRS attained average prediction R2s of 5.8%, 4.0%, and 0.53% in non-British Europeans, South Asians, and Africans, confirming poor cross-population transferability. In contrast, PRS-FH attained average prediction R2s of 13%, 12%, and 10%, respectively, representing a large improvement in Europeans and an extremely large improvement in Africans. In conclusion, including family history improves the accuracy of polygenic risk scores, particularly in diverse populations.

Association of Molecular Senescence Markers in Late-Life Depression With Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Outcome.
Diniz Breno S et al. JAMA network open 2022 6 (6) e2219678 (Posted: Jul 01, 2022 8AM)

Are markers associated with the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) associated with treatment remission in older adults with major depressive episode? In this nonrandomized clinical trial of 416 participants, higher SASP index, a composite score of 22 biomarkers associated with the SASP, was significantly associated with lower likelihood of remission to antidepressant treatment.

Mendelian randomization analysis for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: studying a broad range of exposures and outcomes.
Soler Artigas María et al. International journal of epidemiology 2022 6 (Posted: Jun 18, 2022 10AM)

We used genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics for ADHD (n?=?53?293) and 124 traits related to anthropometry, cognitive function and intelligence, early life exposures, education and employment, lifestyle and environment, longevity, neurological, and psychiatric and mental health or personality and psychosocial factors available in the MR-Base database (16?067 =n?=766?345). Our findings strengthen previous evidence of a causal effect of ADHD liability on smoking and major depression, and are consistent with a causal effect on odds of decreased average total household income [odds ratio (OR)?=?0.966, 95% credible interval (CrI)?=?(0.954, 0.979)] and increased lifetime number of sexual partners [OR?=?1.023, 95% CrI?=?(1.013, 1.033)].

Effects of social support on depression risk during the COVID-19 pandemic: What support types and for whom?
KW Choi et al, MEDRXIV, May 16, 2022 (Posted: Jun 15, 2022 9AM)

Machine learning of language use on Twitter reveals weak and non-specific predictions
SW Kelley et al, NPJ Digital Medicine, March 25, 2022 (Posted: Mar 26, 2022 3PM)

Depressed individuals use language differently than healthy controls and it has been proposed that social media posts can be used to identify depression. Much of the evidence behind this claim relies on indirect measures of mental health and few studies have tested if these language features are specific to depression versus other aspects of mental health. We analysed the Tweets of 1006 participants who completed questionnaires assessing symptoms of depression and 8 other mental health conditions.

Characterizing Heterogeneity in Neuroimaging, Cognition, Clinical Symptoms, and Genetics Among Patients With Late-Life Depression
J Wen et al, JAMA Psychiatry, March 9, 2022 (Posted: Mar 09, 2022 11AM)

s late-life depression (LLD) associated with structural neuroimaging patterns? In this case-control study, 2 dimensions best represented neuroanatomical heterogeneity in patients with LLD: one was associated with preserved brain structure and the other demonstrated diffuse structural abnormalities and greater cognitive impairment. One de novo independent genetic variant was significantly associated with dimension 1 but not with dimension 2, and dimension 2 was longitudinally associated with Alzheimer disease and brain aging more than dimension 1.

Impact of CYP2C19 metaboliser status on SSRI response: a retrospective study of 9500 participants of the Australian Genetics of Depression Study
AI Campos et al, The PGX journal, January 29, 2022 (Posted: Jan 31, 2022 9AM)

Digital health tools for the passive monitoring of depression: a systematic review of methods
V de Angel et al, NPJ Digital Medicine, January 10, 2022 (Posted: Jan 11, 2022 8AM)

The literature is characterized by small sample sizes, short follow-up duration and great variability in the quality of reporting, limiting the interpretability of pooled results. Bivariate analyses show consistency in statistically significant associations between depression and digital features from sleep, physical activity, location, and phone use data. Machine learning models found the predictive value of aggregated features. Given the pitfalls in the combined literature, these results should be taken purely as a starting point for hypothesis generation.

Association between maternal depression during pregnancy and newborn DNA methylation
E Drzymalla et al, Trans Psychiatry, November 9, 2021 (Posted: Nov 10, 2021 9AM)

Evidence Used to Update the List of Underlying Medical Conditions Associated with Higher Risk for Severe COVID-19
CDC Science Brief, October 14, 2021 Brand (Posted: Oct 16, 2021 8AM)

Chronic lung disease (including bronchiectasis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, interstitial lung disease, pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary embolism, tuberculosis) and chronic liver disease (including cirrhosis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, alcoholic liver disease, and autoimmune hepatitis) were added September 2021 based on evidence published between December 1, 2019 and August 31, 2021 using the updated review methods outlined below. Mental health disorders (such as mood disorders including depression, and schizophrenia spectrum disorders) were added September 2021 based on evidence published between December 1, 2019 and August 31, 2021. No conditions were removed from the previous underlying medical conditions list.

Perturbations in Gut Microbiota Composition in Psychiatric Disorders: A Review and Meta-analysis.
Nikolova Viktoriya L et al. JAMA psychiatry 2021 9 (Posted: Sep 18, 2021 11AM)

This systematic review and meta-analysis found that gut microbiota perturbations were associated with a transdiagnostic pattern with a depletion of certain anti-inflammatory butyrate-producing bacteria and an enrichment of pro-inflammatory bacteria in patients with depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and anxiety.

What is pharmacogenomics?
CB de Villiers, PHG Foundation, August 2021 (Posted: Aug 26, 2021 7AM)

Pharmacogenomics, a branch of precision medicine, is the study of genomic characteristics that affect how individuals respond to drugs. It could be useful for improving treatment for a wide variety of conditions such as depression, schizophrenia, heart disease, diabetes, cancer, and infectious diseases.

Health Equity for People with Disabilities
CDC, July 2021 Brand (Posted: Jul 08, 2021 8AM)

An estimated one in four, or 61 million adults in the United States reported a disability. People with disabilities (such mobility limitations, deafness and blindness, or intellectual disabilities) face many challenges to achieving optimal health and accessing high-quality health care. Data from 2019 shows, compared to people without disabilities, people with disabilities have less access to health care, have more depression and anxiety, engage more often in risky health behaviors such as smoking, and are less physically active.

Genome-wide association study of more than 40,000 bipolar disorder cases provides new insights into the underlying biology
N Mullins et al, Nature Genetics, May 17, 2021 (Posted: May 18, 2021 8AM)

We performed a genome-wide association study of 41,917 bipolar disorder cases and 371,549 controls of European ancestry, which identified 64 associated genomic loci. Bipolar disorder risk alleles were enriched in genes in synaptic signaling pathways and brain-expressed genes, particularly those with high specificity of expression in neurons of the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Significant signal enrichment was found in genes encoding targets of antipsychotics, calcium channel blockers, antiepileptics and anesthetics.

Symptom-level modelling unravels the shared genetic architecture of anxiety and depression
JG Thorp et al, Nature Human Behavior, April 15, 2021 (Posted: Apr 19, 2021 10AM)

Pharmacogenomics guided versus standard antidepressant treatment in a community pharmacy setting: A randomized controlled trial.
Papastergiou John et al. Clinical and translational science 2021 (Posted: Mar 05, 2021 9AM)

In this prospective, single-blind randomized controlled design, we evaluated the impact of pharmacogenomics guided versus standard antidepressant treatment of depression and anxiety, implemented in three large community pharmacies. Participants were 213 outpatients diagnosed with major depressive disorder and/or generalized anxiety disorder, randomized to receive pharmacogenomics guided (n = 105) or standard antidepressant treatment (n = 108).

A machine learning approach predicts future risk to suicidal ideation from social media data.
Roy Arunima et al. NPJ digital medicine 2020 May 3(1) 78 (Posted: Feb 23, 2021 9AM)

Our objective was to generate an algorithm termed "Suicide Artificial Intelligence Prediction Heuristic (SAIPH)" capable of predicting future risk to suicidal thought by analyzing publicly available Twitter data. We trained a series of neural networks on Twitter data queried against suicide associated psychological constructs including burden, stress, loneliness, hopelessness, insomnia, depression, and anxiety. We used 512,526 tweets from N?=?283 suicidal ideation (SI) cases and 3,518,494 tweets from 2655 controls.

Risk of Early-Onset Depression Associated With Polygenic Liability, Parental Psychiatric History, and Socioeconomic Status.
Agerbo Esben et al. JAMA psychiatry 2021 Jan (Posted: Jan 14, 2021 9AM)

In this case-cohort study of 17?098 patients with depression, the absolute risk of depression by the age of 30 years differed substantially depending on an individual’s combination of risk factors, ranging from 1.0% among male individuals with high socioeconomic status in the bottom 2% of the polygenic risk score distribution to 23.7% among female individuals in the top 2% of PRS with a parental history of psychiatric disorders.

Prescription Opioid Use and Risk for Major Depressive Disorder and Anxiety and Stress-Related Disorders A Multivariable Mendelian Randomization Analysis
DB Rosoff et al, JAMA Psychiatry, November 11, 2020 (Posted: Nov 11, 2020 11AM)

The findings of this mendelian randomization analysis suggest evidence for potential causal associations between the genetic liability for increased prescription opioid use and the risk for major depression. While replication studies are necessary, these findings may inform prevention and intervention strategies.

Associations between the 1438A/G, 102T/C, and rs7997012G/A polymorphisms of HTR2A and the safety and efficacy of antidepressants in depression: a meta-analysis
YS Wan et al, The Pharmacogenomics Journal, October 23, 2020 (Posted: Oct 24, 2020 10AM)

The correlations between hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A (HTR2A) gene polymorphisms (1438A/G, 102T/C, and rs7997012G/A) and the safety and efficacy of antidepressants in depression patients have been reported. This meta-analysis ascertained forty-two studies. Pooled analyses indicated significant associations of 1438A/G polymorphism and higher response.

Alexa, do I have COVID-19?
E AnNthes, Nature News, September 30, 2020 (Posted: Oct 02, 2020 9AM)

Researchers are exploring ways to use people’s voices to diagnose coronavirus infections, dementia, depression and much more.

The association of alcohol polygenic risk scores with mental health outcomes: A multi-generational analysis in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children
KE Easey et al, MEDRXIV, July 7, 2020 (Posted: Jul 08, 2020 6AM)

An alcohol PRS derived from GWAS of alcohol use in the general population was shown to be associated with frequency and amount of alcohol consumed during pregnancy, and maternal depression at 32 weeks gestation.

Monitoring Depression Trend on Twitter during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Y Zhang et al, ARXIV, July 1, 2020 (Posted: Jul 02, 2020 9AM)

Genetic Associations Between Childhood Psychopathology and Adult Depression and Associated Traits in 42 998 Individuals A Meta-analysis
WA Akingbuwa et al, JAMA Psychiatry, July 1, 2020 (Posted: Jul 02, 2020 8AM)

This meta-analysis of longitudinal cohorts, which includes data on 42?998 participants, revealed significant associations between childhood psychopathology and adult polygenic scores of major depression, subjective well-being, neuroticism, insomnia, educational attainment, and body mass index but not bipolar disorder.

Grant Report on SCH: Personalized Depression Treatment Supported by Mobile Sensor Analytics.
Kamath Jayesh et al. Journal of psychiatry and brain science 2020 5 (Posted: Jun 16, 2020 3PM)

A pragmatic randomized waitlist-controlled effectiveness and cost-effectiveness trial of digital interventions for depression and anxiety
D Richards et al, NPJ Digital Medicine, June 15, 2020 (Posted: Jun 16, 2020 9AM)

Utilization of internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) for treating depression and anxiety disorders in stepped-care models, such as the UK’s Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT), is a potential solution for addressing the treatment gap in mental health.

Our phones can now detect health problems from Parkinson’s to depression. Is that a good thing?
L Parshley, VOX, February 2020 (Posted: Feb 21, 2020 9AM)

Bipolar multiplex families have an increased burden of common risk variants for psychiatric disorders
F Till et al, Molecular Psychiatry, November 11, 2019 (Posted: Nov 12, 2019 8AM)

Does preventive oophorectomy increase the risk of depression in BRCA mutation carriers?
Kotsopoulos Joanne et al. Menopause (New York, N.Y.) 2019 Oct (Posted: Oct 30, 2019 8AM)

A polygenic predictor of treatment-resistant depression using whole exome sequencing and genome-wide genotyping
C Fabri et al, MedRXIV, September 20, 2019 (Posted: Sep 20, 2019 9AM)

Treatment-resistant depression occurs in ~30% of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Whole exome sequencing and genome-wide genotyping were performed in 1320 MDD patients. Response to the first pharmacological treatment was compared to non-response to one treatment and non-response to two or more treatments.

Powering discovery in blood disorders and depression
A Cranage, Sanger Institute, September 2019 (Posted: Sep 16, 2019 8AM)

"UK Biobank data is so vast, and so detailed. It has changed the way we do research in human genetics. We are beginning not only to understand the complex genetic basis of a whole variety of devastating human diseases, but also how to better use this genetic information to understand how to predict and treat these diseases.”

A two-stage approach to identifying and validating modifiable factors for the prevention of depression
KW Choi et al, BioRXIV preprints, September 8, 2019 (Posted: Sep 10, 2019 9AM)

As the field increasingly quantifies the role of genetic factors in complex conditions such as depression, knowledge of modifiable factors that could offset one’s genetic risk has become highly relevant. The authors present an approach to screening for potentially modifiable factors that may offset the risk of depression.

Can Machine Learning help us in dealing with treatment resistant depression? A review.
Pigoni Alessandro et al. Journal of affective disorders 2019 Aug 25921-26 (Posted: Aug 27, 2019 7PM)

Using Electronic Health Records and Machine Learning to Predict Postpartum Depression.
Wang Shuojia et al. Studies in health technology and informatics 2019 Aug 264888-892 (Posted: Aug 27, 2019 6PM)

Robin Williams' Son Zak Says He Struggled with Depression: 'I Found Myself Self-Medicating'
H Murphy, People, August 20, 2019 (Posted: Aug 21, 2019 8AM)

UnitedHealthcare To Cover Genetic Testing for Precision Medicine in Depression, Anxiety
Clinical Omics, August 2, 2019 (Posted: Aug 05, 2019 8AM)

Blood samples reveal valuable data — and life-changing surprises for donors
PD McCluskey, Boston Globe, July 5, 2019 (Posted: Jul 09, 2019 10AM)

More than 103,000 patients have agreed to provide blood to the Partners HealthCare Biobank, and their samples are providing valuable data for some 200 studies about Alzheimer?s, depression, diabetes, epilepsy, heart disease, and other conditions. But the research initiative is also having another impact, one that is more personal and immediate: It?s revealing genetic red flags that patients otherwise might never have seen.

Causal associations between potentially modifiable risk factors and the Alzheimer's phenome: A Mendelian randomization study
SJ Andrews et al, BioRXIV preprints, July 2 , 2019 (Posted: Jul 03, 2019 8AM)

This study uses mendelian randomization to demonstrate a possible causal relationship between blood pressure, cholesterol levels, BMI, depression, insomnia symptoms, physical activity and educational attainment on Alzheimer's disease. These findings support public health programs to educate the public about preventable causes of AD.

Genetic and Environmental Risk Factors Associated With Trajectories of Depression Symptoms From Adolescence to Young Adulthood
ASF Kwong et al, JAMA Network Open, June 28, 2019 (Posted: Jun 28, 2019 11AM)

In a cohort study of 3525 individuals observed from ages 10 to 24 years, both environmental risk factors and polygenic risk scores were associated with childhood-persistent and early-adult?onset trajectories of depression symptoms. Could these findings help to guide the timing and focus of prevention strategies?

How Artificial Intelligence Can Save Your Life
D Brooks, NY Times, June 24, 2019 (Posted: Jun 25, 2019 9AM)

One area where A.I. can most immediately improve our lives may be in the area of mental health. Unlike many illnesses, there?s no simple physical test you can give someone to tell if he or she is suffering from depression.

A Waste of 1,000 Research Papers Decades of early research on the genetics of depression were built on non-existent foundations. How did that happen?
E Yong, The Atlantic, May 17, 2019 (Posted: May 17, 2019 11AM)

Anxiety and depression in children: Get the facts
CDC, 2019 Brand (Posted: May 14, 2019 7AM)

Association of Rare Copy Number Variants With Risk of Depression
KM Kendal et al. JAMA Psychiatry, April 17, 2019 (Posted: Apr 17, 2019 1PM)

Shared mechanisms between coronary heart disease and depression: findings from a large UK general population-based cohort.
Khandaker Golam M et al. Molecular psychiatry 2019 Mar (Posted: Mar 21, 2019 8AM)

No Support for Historical Candidate Gene or Candidate Gene-by-Interaction Hypotheses for Major Depression Across Multiple Large Samples.
Border Richard et al. The American journal of psychiatry 2019 Mar appiajp201818070881 (Posted: Mar 14, 2019 8AM)

Insomnia tied to depression, cardiovascular disease
M Prize, Science, February 25, 2019 (Posted: Feb 25, 2019 1PM)

Exercise May Help to Fend Off Depression
G Reynolds, NY Times, February 13, 2019 (Posted: Feb 20, 2019 9AM)

Genetics of Depression Linked with Hundreds of Genes and Different Behavioral Traits
Gen News, February 6, 2019 (Posted: Feb 06, 2019 10AM)

Investigating the Association Between Body Fat and Depression via Mendelian Randomization
M Speed et al, BioRXIV, February 3, 2019 (Posted: Feb 05, 2019 2PM)

Genome-wide meta-analysis of depression identifies 102 independent variants and highlights the importance of the prefrontal brain regions
DM Howard et al, Nature Neurology, February 4, 2019 (Posted: Feb 04, 2019 0PM)

Links between gut microbes and depression strengthened- The once-wild idea that intestinal bacteria influence mental health has transformed into a major research pursuit
Nature editorial, February 4, 2019 (Posted: Feb 04, 2019 11AM)

Assessment of Bidirectional Relationships Between Physical Activity and Depression Among Adults: A 2-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.
Choi Karmel W et al. JAMA psychiatry 2019 Jan (Posted: Jan 25, 2019 10AM)

A Mendelian Randomization Approach for Assessing the Relationship Between Physical Activity and Depression.
Chekroud Adam Mourad et al. JAMA psychiatry 2019 Jan (Posted: Jan 25, 2019 10AM)

An economic model of the cost-utility of pre-emptive genetic testing to support pharmacotherapy in patients with major depression in primary care.
Sluiter Reinier L et al. The pharmacogenomics journal 2019 Jan (Posted: Jan 23, 2019 1PM)

Genetic associations with suicide attempt severity and genetic overlap with major depression.
Levey Daniel F et al. Translational psychiatry 2019 Jan (1) 22 (Posted: Jan 19, 2019 7AM)

Huge trove of British biodata is unlocking secrets of depression, sexual orientation, and more
J Kaiser et al, Science, January 3, 2019 (Posted: Jan 04, 2019 9AM)

Does obtaining CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 pharmacogenetic testing predict antidepressant response or adverse drug reactions?
Solomon Haley V et al. Psychiatry research 2018 Dec 271604-613 (Posted: Dec 19, 2018 10AM)

Pharmacogenetic tests and depressive symptom remission: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Bousman Chad A et al. Pharmacogenomics 2019 Jan 20(1) 37-47 (Posted: Dec 12, 2018 10AM)

Pharmacogenomics and Biomarkers of Depression.
Jha Manish K et al. Handbook of experimental pharmacology 2018 Oct (Posted: Oct 24, 2018 9AM)

Genome-wide meta-analysis of depression in 807,553 individuals identifies 102 independent variants with replication in a further 1,507,153 individuals
DM Howard et al, BioRXIV, October 9, 2018 (Posted: Oct 11, 2018 7AM)

In the race to use genetic tests to predict whether antidepressants will work, science might be getting left behind
R Robbins, StatNews, September 28, 2018 (Posted: Sep 29, 2018 0PM)

Genome-wide association study of suicide attempt in psychiatric disorders identifies association with major depression polygenic risk scores
N Mullins et al, BioRXIV Preprints, September 2018 (Posted: Sep 16, 2018 2PM)

Does education protect against depression? Evidence from the Young Finns Study using Mendelian randomization.
Viinikainen Jutta et al. Preventive medicine 2018 Aug (Posted: Aug 28, 2018 9AM)

DNA Methylation Signatures of Depressive Symptoms in Middle-aged and Elderly Persons: Meta-analysis of Multiethnic Epigenome-wide Studies.
Story Jovanova Olivera et al. JAMA psychiatry 2018 Jul (Posted: Jul 17, 2018 8AM)

New Genetic Links to Depression May Pave the Way for Novel Treatment Strategies
T Hampton, JAMA, July 3, 2018 (Posted: Jul 07, 2018 5PM)

Mapping risk factors for depression across the lifespan: An umbrella review of evidence from meta-analyses and Mendelian randomization studies.
Köhler Cristiano A et al. Journal of psychiatric research 2018 May 189-207 (Posted: Jun 12, 2018 10AM)

Genome-wide association analyses identify 44 risk variants and refine the genetic architecture of major depression.
Wray Naomi R et al. Nature genetics 2018 Apr (Posted: May 01, 2018 10AM)

Huge haul of ‘depression genes’ shows it’s a complex condition
New Scientist, Apr 27, 2018 (Posted: Apr 28, 2018 1PM)

The use of polygenic risk scores to identify phenotypes associated with genetic risk of bipolar disorder and depression: A systematic review.
Mistry Sumit et al. Journal of affective disorders 2018 Feb 148-155 (Posted: Apr 01, 2018 0PM)

What do the genetic association data say about the high risk of suicide in people with depression? A novel network-based approach to find common molecular basis for depression and suicidal behavior and related therapeutic targets.
Bozorgmehr Ali et al. Journal of affective disorders 2018 Jan 463-468 (Posted: Jan 23, 2018 0PM)

Genetic biomarkers for differential diagnosis of major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder: a systematic and critical review.
Menezes Itiana Castro et al. Behavioural brain research 2018 Jan (Posted: Jan 23, 2018 0PM)

Battling depression with pharmacogenetics: Genetic screening could eliminate trial-and-error approach to medications
R Lewis, Genetic Literacy Project, Jan 23, 2018 (Posted: Jan 23, 2018 0PM)

Translating GWAS Findings Into Therapies For Depression And Anxiety Disorders: Drug Repositioning Using Gene-Set Analyses Reveals Enrichment Of Psychiatric Drug Classes
BioRxiV, Sep 8,, 2017 (Posted: Sep 09, 2017 0PM)

Polygenic Scores for Major Depressive Disorder and Risk of Alcohol Dependence.
Andersen Allan M et al. JAMA psychiatry 2017 Aug (Posted: Aug 21, 2017 11AM)

Genetics of Depression: Progress at Last.
Mullins Niamh et al. Current psychiatry reports 2017 Aug (8) 43 (Posted: Aug 11, 2017 1PM)

Preventing Suicide
Risk factors include family history of suicide Brand (Posted: Aug 11, 2017 1PM)

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Disclaimer: Articles listed in Hot Topics of the Day are selected by Public Health Genomics Branch to provide current awareness of the scientific literature and news. Inclusion in the update does not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention nor does it imply endorsement of the article's methods or findings. CDC and DHHS assume no responsibility for the factual accuracy of the items presented. The selection, omission, or content of items does not imply any endorsement or other position taken by CDC or DHHS. Opinion, findings and conclusions expressed by the original authors of items included in the Clips, or persons quoted therein, are strictly their own and are in no way meant to represent the opinion or views of CDC or DHHS. References to publications, news sources, and non-CDC Websites are provided solely for informational purposes and do not imply endorsement by CDC or DHHS.
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