Last data update: Sep 16, 2024. (Total: 47680 publications since 2009)
Records 1-4 (of 4 Records) |
Query Trace: Nemeth NM [original query] |
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Human salmonellosis outbreak linked to salmonella typhimurium epidemic in wild songbirds, United States, 2020-2021
Patel K , Stapleton GS , Trevejo RT , Tellier WT , Higa J , Adams JK , Hernandez SM , Sanchez S , Nemeth NM , Debess EE , Rogers KH , Mete A , Watson KD , Foss L , Low MSF , Gollarza L , Nichols M . Emerg Infect Dis 2023 29 (11) 2298-2306 Salmonella infection causes epidemic death in wild songbirds, with potential to spread to humans. In February 2021, public health officials in Oregon and Washington, USA, isolated a strain of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium from humans and a wild songbird. Investigation by public health partners ultimately identified 30 illnesses in 12 states linked to an epidemic of Salmonella Typhimurium in songbirds. We report a multistate outbreak of human salmonellosis associated with songbirds, resulting from direct handling of sick and dead birds or indirect contact with contaminated birdfeeders. Companion animals might have contributed to the spread of Salmonella between songbirds and patients; the outbreak strain was detected in 1 ill dog, and a cat became ill after contact with a wild bird. This outbreak highlights a One Health issue where actions like regular cleaning of birdfeeders might reduce the health risk to wildlife, companion animals, and humans. |
West Nile virus infection of birds, Mexico
Guerrero-Sanchez S , Cuevas-Romero S , Nemeth NM , Trujillo-Olivera MT , Worwa G , Dupuis A , Brault AC , Kramer LD , Komar N , Estrada-Franco JG . Emerg Infect Dis 2011 17 (12) 2245-52 West Nile virus (WNV) has caused disease in humans, equids, and birds at lower frequency in Mexico than in the United States. We hypothesized that the seemingly reduced virulence in Mexico was caused by attenuation of the Tabasco strain from southeastern Mexico, resulting in lower viremia than that caused by the Tecate strain from the more northern location of Baja California. During 2006-2008, we tested this hypothesis in candidate avian amplifying hosts: domestic chickens, rock pigeons, house sparrows, great-tailed grackles, and clay-colored thrushes. Only great-tailed grackles and house sparrows were competent amplifying hosts for both strains, and deaths occurred in each species. Tecate strain viremia levels were higher for thrushes. Both strains produced low-level viremia in pigeons and chickens. Our results suggest that certain avian hosts within Mexico are competent for efficient amplification of both northern and southern WNV strains and that both strains likely contribute to bird deaths. |
Removal of species constraints in antibody detection
Basile AJ , Biggerstaff BJ , Kosoy OL , Junna SR , Panella NA , Powers AM , Stark LM , Nemeth NM . Clin Vaccine Immunol 2009 17 (1) 56-61 Serum antibodies from myriad species, particularly birds, can provide key information regarding transmission and territory expansion of emerging pathogens. Expedient antibody analysis is constrained by a lack of species-specific reagents, a deficiency potentially highlighted by the recent swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) outbreak. Available methodologies present difficulties that discourage thorough serologic monitoring of potential disease vectors or hosts. Rapid high throughput procedures were developed that combined serum amine labeling via biotinylation, contaminant removal, and microsphere-based immunoassays for antibodies to three arboviruses. Agent-specific adaptations of this simple format should facilitate expanded surveillance and diagnostic capabilities regarding pathogens of human and veterinary importance. |
West Nile virus detection in nonvascular feathers from avian carcasses
Nemeth NM , Young GR , Burkhalter KL , Brault AC , Reisen WK , Komar N . J Vet Diagn Invest 2009 21 (5) 616-22 West Nile virus (WNV) is a public health threat and has caused the death of thousands of North American birds. As such, surveillance for WNV has been ongoing, utilizing numerous biological specimens and testing methods. Nonvascular (i.e., fully grown) feathers would provide a simple method of collection from either dead or live birds of all ages and molt cycles, with presumably less biosafety risk compared with other specimen types, including feather pulp. The current study evaluates WNV detection in nonvascular feathers removed from naturally infected avian carcasses of several species groups. Feathers of corvid passeriforms had the highest sensitivity of detection (64%), followed by noncorvid passeriforms (43%), columbiforms (33%), and falconiforms (31%). Storing feathers for 1 year at -20 degrees C or at ambient room temperature resulted in detection rates of infectious WNV of 16% and zero, respectively, but had no effect on detection rates of WNV RNA in a subset of matched feather pairs (47% for both storage temperatures). The efficacy of WNV detection in nonvascular feathers is greatly enhanced by testing multiple feathers. The advantages of using nonvascular feathers over other tissues may outweigh the relatively low detectability of WNV RNA in certain situations such as remote areas lacking resources for acquiring other types of samples or maintaining the cold chain. |
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