Last data update: Sep 16, 2024. (Total: 47680 publications since 2009)
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Query Trace: Jabra J [original query] |
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Progress toward poliomyelitis eradication - Afghanistan, January 2017-May 2018
Martinez M , Shukla H , Ahmadi M , Inulin J , Widodo MS , Ahmed J , Mbaeyi C , Jabra J , Gerhardt D . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2018 67 (30) 833-837 Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Nigeria remain the only countries where transmission of endemic wild poliovirus type 1 (WPV1) continues (1). This report describes polio eradication activities, progress, and challenges to eradication in Afghanistan during January 2017-May 2018 and updates previous reports (2, 3). Fourteen WPV1 cases were confirmed in Afghanistan in 2017, compared with 13 in 2016; during January-May 2018, eight WPV1 cases were reported, twice the number reported during January-May 2017. To supplement surveillance for acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) and laboratory testing of stool samples, environmental surveillance (testing of sewage samples) was initiated in 2013 and includes 20 sites, 15 of which have detected WPV1 circulation. The number of polio-affected districts increased from six in 2016 to 14 in 2017 (including WPV1 cases and positive environmental samples). Access to children for supplementary immunization activities (SIAs) (mass campaigns targeting children aged <5 years with oral poliovirus vaccine [OPV], regardless of vaccination history), which improved during 2016 to early 2018, worsened in May 2018 in security-challenged areas of the southern and eastern regions. To achieve WPV1 eradication, measures to maintain and regain access for SIAs in security-challenged areas, strengthen oversight of SIAs in accessible areas to reduce the number of missed children, and coordinate with authorities in Pakistan to track and vaccinate mobile populations at high risk in their shared transit corridors must continue. |
Methodologies for in vitro and in vivo evaluation of efficacy of antifungal and antibiofilm agents and surface coatings against fungal biofilms
Dijck PV , Sjollema J , Cammue BP , Lagrou K , Berman J , d'Enfert C , Andes DR , Arendrup MC , Brakhage AA , Calderone R , Canton E , Coenye T , Cos P , Cowen LE , Edgerton M , Espinel-Ingroff A , Filler SG , Ghannoum M , Gow NAR , Haas H , Jabra-Rizk MA , Johnson EM , Lockhart SR , Lopez-Ribot JL , Maertens J , Munro CA , Nett JE , Nobile CJ , Pfaller MA , Ramage G , Sanglard D , Sanguinetti M , Spriet I , Verweij PE , Warris A , Wauters J , Yeaman MR , Zaat SAJ , Thevissen K . Microb Cell 2018 5 (7) 300-326 Unlike superficial fungal infections of the skin and nails, which are the most common fungal diseases in humans, invasive fungal infections carry high morbidity and mortality, particularly those associated with biofilm formation on indwelling medical devices. Therapeutic management of these complex diseases is often complicated by the rise in resistance to the commonly used antifungal agents. Therefore, the availability of accurate susceptibility testing methods for determining antifungal resistance, as well as discovery of novel antifungal and antibiofilm agents, are key priorities in medical mycology research. To direct advancements in this field, here we present an overview of the methods currently available for determining (i) the susceptibility or resistance of fungal isolates or biofilms to antifungal or antibiofilm compounds and compound combinations; (ii) the in vivo efficacy of antifungal and antibiofilm compounds and compound combinations; and (iii) the in vitro and in vivo performance of anti-infective coatings and materials to prevent fungal biofilm-based infections. |
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