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Last Posted: Jan 19, 2023
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Workshop on Considerations for Returning Individual Genomic Results from Population-Based Surveys: Focus on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
National Academy of Medicine Workshop, December 2022

Population surveys collect information from participants by asking questions. Today, many surveys also collect biologic specimens that can be used to analyze a respondent's DNA and other biomarkers. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) administers a physical examination, collects biospecimens, and reports some test results (e.g., cholesterol levels) to the participant. Traditionally, NHANES participants have been told that they will not be contacted with personal genetic results. However, clinical science is evolving to encourage more return of individual research results. Therefore, NHANES will revisit the issue of if, when, and how to return genetic results to study participants.

Rethinking healthy eating in light of the gut microbiome
AM Armet et al, Cell Host and Microbe, June 8, 2022

In this review, we discuss contemporary nutritional recommendations from a microbiome science perspective, focusing on mechanistic evidence that established host-microbe interactions as mediators of the physiological effects of diet. We apply this knowledge to inform discussions of nutrition controversies, advance innovative dietary strategies, and propose an experimental framework that integrates the microbiome into nutrition research. The congruence of key paradigms in the nutrition and microbiome disciplines validates current recommendations in dietary guidelines, and the systematic incorporation of microbiome science into nutrition research has the potential to further improve and innovate healthy eating.

Estimated Yield of Screening for Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia With and Without Genetic Testing in US Adults
BK Bellows et al, JAHA, May 18, 2022

Individual clinical and genotype data from the UK Biobank were used to estimate the probability of any likely pathogenic familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) genetic variants. Dutch Lipid Clinic Network clinical criteria and the estimated probability of FH were applied to National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey participants to estimate the yield of FH screening in US adults. Clinical criteria-based screening alone could identify 3.7 FH cases per 1000 US adults screened, and adding genetic testing could increase this to 6.6 FH cases per 1000 adults screened.

Personalized Dietary Recommendations Based on Lipid-Related Genetic Variants: A Systematic Review.
Pérez-Beltrán Yolanda E et al. Frontiers in nutrition 2022 4 830283

Findings included in this systematic review indicated that a certain percentage of dietary macronutrients, the consumption of specific amounts of polyunsaturated or monounsaturated fatty acids, as well as the ingestion of nutraceuticals or dietary supplements could be considered as potential strategies for the development of a wide range of nutrigenetic interventions since they have a direct impact on the blood levels of lipids.

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Disclaimer: Articles listed in the Public Health Genomics and Precision Health Knowledge Base are selected by the CDC Office of Public Health Genomics to provide current awareness of the literature and news. Inclusion in the update does not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention nor does it imply endorsement of the article's methods or findings. CDC and DHHS assume no responsibility for the factual accuracy of the items presented. The selection, omission, or content of items does not imply any endorsement or other position taken by CDC or DHHS. Opinion, findings and conclusions expressed by the original authors of items included in the update, or persons quoted therein, are strictly their own and are in no way meant to represent the opinion or views of CDC or DHHS. References to publications, news sources, and non-CDC Websites are provided solely for informational purposes and do not imply endorsement by CDC or DHHS.

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