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Last Posted: Apr 18, 2024
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Utility of polygenic scores across diverse diseases in a hospital cohort for predictive modeling
TH Sun et al, Nature Comm, April 12, 2024

From the abstract: "Polygenic scores estimate genetic susceptibility to diseases. We systematically calculated polygenic scores across 457 phenotypes using genotyping array data from Medical University Hospital. Logistic regression models assessed polygenic scores’ ability to predict disease traits. The polygenic score model with the highest accuracy, based on maximal area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), is provided on the GeneAnaBase website of the hospital. Our findings indicate 49 phenotypes with AUC greater than 0.6, predominantly linked to endocrine and metabolic diseases. "

Integration of pathologic characteristics, genetic risk and lifestyle exposure for colorectal cancer survival assessment
J Xin et al, Nature Comm, April 8, 2024

From the abstract: "The development of an effective survival prediction tool is key for reducing colorectal cancer mortality. Here, we apply a three-stage study to devise a polygenic prognostic score (PPS) for stratifying colorectal cancer overall survival. Leveraging two cohorts of 3703 patients, we first perform a genome-wide survival association analysis to develop eight candidate PPSs. Further using an independent cohort with 470 patients, we identify the 287 variants-derived PPS (i.e., PPS287) achieving an optimal prediction performance [hazard ratio (HR) per SD?=?1.99, P?=?1.76?×?10-8], accompanied by additional tests in two external cohorts, with HRs per SD of 1.90 (P?=?3.21?×?10-14; 543 patients) and 1.80 (P?=?1.11?×?10-9; 713 patients). Notably, the detrimental impact of pathologic characteristics and genetic risk could be attenuated by a healthy lifestyle, yielding a 7.62% improvement in the 5-year overall survival rate. "

Future implications of polygenic risk scores for life insurance underwriting.
Tatiane Yanes et al. NPJ Genom Med 2024 3 (1) 25

From the abstract: "As PGS is increasingly utilized in research and clinical practice, it is pivotal that careful consideration is given to the potential insurance implications of PGS to ensure consumer protection against GD. For the full potential benefits of PGS to be realized, and its clinical utility determined across various use cases, individuals will need to be confident that they can participate in research studies and access clinical genetic testing without fear of insurance discrimination. Clarification is needed regarding the extent to which existing protections and legislation relating to monogenic testing may also extend to PGS test results. "

Polygenic risk scores, radiation treatment exposures and subsequent cancer risk in childhood cancer survivors.
Todd M Gibson et al. Nat Med 2024 3

From the abstract: "Survivors of childhood cancer are at increased risk for subsequent cancers attributable to the late effects of radiotherapy and other treatment exposures; thus, further understanding of the impact of genetic predisposition on risk is needed. Combining genotype data for 11,220 5-year survivors from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study and the St Jude Lifetime Cohort, we found that cancer-specific polygenic risk scores (PRSs) derived from general population, genome-wide association study, cancer loci identified survivors of European ancestry at increased risk of subsequent basal cell carcinoma (odds ratio per s.d. of the PRS: OR?=?1.37, 95% confidence interval (CI)?=?1.29–1.46), female breast cancer (OR?=?1.42, 95% CI?=?1.27–1.58), thyroid cancer (OR?=?1.48, 95% CI?=?1.31–1.67), squamous cell carcinoma (OR?=?1.20, 95% CI?=?1.00–1.44) and melanoma (OR?=?1.60, 95% CI?=?1.31–1.96) "

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Disclaimer: Articles listed in the Public Health Genomics and Precision Health Knowledge Base are selected by the CDC Office of Public Health Genomics to provide current awareness of the literature and news. Inclusion in the update does not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention nor does it imply endorsement of the article's methods or findings. CDC and DHHS assume no responsibility for the factual accuracy of the items presented. The selection, omission, or content of items does not imply any endorsement or other position taken by CDC or DHHS. Opinion, findings and conclusions expressed by the original authors of items included in the update, or persons quoted therein, are strictly their own and are in no way meant to represent the opinion or views of CDC or DHHS. References to publications, news sources, and non-CDC Websites are provided solely for informational purposes and do not imply endorsement by CDC or DHHS.

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