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Last Posted: Oct 23, 2023
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Inborn errors of immunity: an expanding universe of disease and genetic architecture.
Yemsratch T Akalu et al. Nat Rev Genet 2023 10

From the abstract: "Inborn errors of immunity (IEIs) are generally considered to be rare monogenic disorders of the immune system that cause immunodeficiency, autoinflammation, autoimmunity, allergy and/or cancer. Here, we discuss evidence that IEIs need not be rare disorders or exclusively affect the immune system. Namely, an increasing number of patients with IEIs present with severe dysregulations of the central nervous, digestive, renal or pulmonary systems. "

Severity Outcomes among Adult Patients with Primary Immunodeficiency and COVID-19 Seen in Emergency Departments, United States, April 2020–August 2021
CDC Visual Abstracts, June 2023 Brand

Severe COVID-19 outcomes, including hospitalization, IMV, ICU admission, and death, are more frequent in PI patients than in non-PI patients seen in emergency departments. These results provide real-world evidence that PI is a risk factor for adverse COVID-19 outcomes.

Severity Outcomes among Adult Patients with Primary Immunodeficiency and COVID-19 Seen in Emergency Departments, United States, April 2020–August 2021
E Drzymalla et al, JCM, May 17, 2023

We used Premier Healthcare Database, which contains information on inpatient discharges, to analyze COVID-19 outcomes among 853 adult PI and 1,197,430 non-PI patients who visited the emergency department. Hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), and death had higher odds in PI patients than in non-PI patients (hospitalization aOR: 2.36, 95% CI: 1.87–2.98; ICU admission aOR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.19–1.96; IMV aOR: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.15–1.72; death aOR: 1.37, 95% CI: 1.08–1.74), and PI patients spent on average 1.91 more days in the hospital than non-PI patients when adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and chronic conditions associated with severe COVID-19.

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Disclaimer: Articles listed in the Public Health Genomics and Precision Health Knowledge Base are selected by the CDC Office of Public Health Genomics to provide current awareness of the literature and news. Inclusion in the update does not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention nor does it imply endorsement of the article's methods or findings. CDC and DHHS assume no responsibility for the factual accuracy of the items presented. The selection, omission, or content of items does not imply any endorsement or other position taken by CDC or DHHS. Opinion, findings and conclusions expressed by the original authors of items included in the update, or persons quoted therein, are strictly their own and are in no way meant to represent the opinion or views of CDC or DHHS. References to publications, news sources, and non-CDC Websites are provided solely for informational purposes and do not imply endorsement by CDC or DHHS.

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