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Last Posted: Apr 18, 2024
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Lynch Syndrome Ups Risk for Colorectal, Other Cancers
E Herlache, Cancer Care, March 2024

From the article: "It’s impossible to change our genes, but with knowledge comes power. In the case of Lynch syndrome, a genetic condition that ups people’s risks for developing colorectal and other types of cancer, that’s especially true. Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month offers a reminder for everyone to examine their risk for colorectal cancer and to explore options for screening as well as genetic testing, when warranted. Lynch syndrome puts a person at a higher risk of developing colorectal, uterine, and ovarian cancer. It’s also associated with other cancers, including kidney, stomach, bladder, brain, prostate, and pancreatic cancer. "

Prospective observational study on biomarkers of response in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
L Jiang et al, Nature Medicine, January 29, 2024

From the abstract: "Adjuvant chemotherapy benefits patients with resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), but the compromised physical state of post-operative patients can hinder compliance. Biomarkers that identify candidates for prompt adjuvant therapy are needed. In this prospective observational study, 1,171 patients with PDAC who underwent pancreatectomy were enrolled and extensively followed-up. Proteomic profiling of 191 patient samples unveiled clinically relevant functional protein modules. A proteomics-level prognostic risk model was established for PDAC, with its utility further validated using a publicly available external cohort. "

Do polygenic risk scores add to clinical data in predicting pancreatic cancer? a scoping review.
Louise Wang et al. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023 8

From the abstract: "21 studies examined associations between a PC-specific PRS and PC. Seven studies evaluated risk factors beyond age and sex. Three studies evaluated the change in discrimination associated with the addition of PRS to routine risk factors and reported improvements [(AUCs: 0.715 to 0.745; AUC 0.791 to 0.830; AUC from 0.694 to 0.711]. Limitations to clinical applicability included using source populations younger/healthier than those at risk for PC (n=10), exclusively of European ancestry (n=13), or controls without relevant exposures (n=1). While most studies of PC-specific PRS did not evaluate the independent discrimination of PRS for PC beyond routine risk factors, three that did showed improvements in discrimination. "

Precision medicine meets cancer vaccines.
et al. Nat Med 2023 6

Vaccines for treating cancer have been in development for decades, but their clinical efficacy has been elusive. Thus far, only one therapeutic vaccine against cancer has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of prostate cancer, extending patient survival by only 4 months. Now, two independent efforts using mRNA vaccines tailor-made to target each patient’s tumor have reported initial success in melanoma and pancreatic cancer and are energizing the field of anti-cancer vaccines.

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Disclaimer: Articles listed in the Public Health Genomics and Precision Health Knowledge Base are selected by the CDC Office of Public Health Genomics to provide current awareness of the literature and news. Inclusion in the update does not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention nor does it imply endorsement of the article's methods or findings. CDC and DHHS assume no responsibility for the factual accuracy of the items presented. The selection, omission, or content of items does not imply any endorsement or other position taken by CDC or DHHS. Opinion, findings and conclusions expressed by the original authors of items included in the update, or persons quoted therein, are strictly their own and are in no way meant to represent the opinion or views of CDC or DHHS. References to publications, news sources, and non-CDC Websites are provided solely for informational purposes and do not imply endorsement by CDC or DHHS.

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