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Last Posted: May 25, 2023
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Adjuvant Treatments for Surgically Resected Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Harboring EGFR Mutations: A Review.
Antonio Passaro et al. JAMA Oncol 2023 5

The use of adjuvant chemotherapy for stage IB-IIIA resected non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has limited benefit for improving cure rates. The proportion of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) alterations among patients with resected NSCLC is comparable to that observed in patients with advanced disease, and the use of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has been demonstrated to prolong disease-free survival (DFS). With recent approval of osimertinib in this context, a focus on the rapidly evolving scenario and future perspective in clinical practice is needed and was the aim of the current review.

High-resolution circulating tumor DNA testing predicts survival in metastatic lung cancer clinical trials.
et al. Nat Med 2023 4

Data from circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) testing were generated for over 1,900 samples across at least 3 time points in a phase 3 clinical trial and used to build a machine learning model to predict patient survival. The model accurately identified patients with a high risk of disease recurrence and could provide a basis for assigning therapies in phase 1/2 clinical trials.

Molecular Marker Testing in Curable Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer-Practice Necessarily Precedes Data.
Charu Aggarwal et al. JAMA Oncol 2023 4

Over the past decade, the differentiation of advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) into multiple subgroups defined by the presence or absence of driver sequence variations and tumor expression of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) has transformed outcomes. Comprehensive molecular genotyping using next-generation sequencing is recommended during the initial workup of advanced NSCLC based on established improvement in survival and an overall reduction of toxic effects for many patients. Optimal molecular testing strategies in early-stage NSCLC, however, have yet to be defined.

Tracking early lung cancer metastatic dissemination in TRACERx using ctDNA.
Christopher Abbosh et al. Nature 2023 4

Landmark analyses of plasma samples collected within 120?days after surgery revealed ctDNA detection in 25% of patients, including 49% of all patients who experienced clinical relapse; 3 to 6 monthly ctDNA surveillance identified impending disease relapse in an additional 20% of landmark-negative patients. We developed a bioinformatic tool (ECLIPSE) for non-invasive tracking of subclonal architecture at low ctDNA levels. ECLIPSE identified patients with polyclonal metastatic dissemination, which was associated with a poor clinical outcome.

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Disclaimer: Articles listed in the Public Health Genomics and Precision Health Knowledge Base are selected by the CDC Office of Public Health Genomics to provide current awareness of the literature and news. Inclusion in the update does not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention nor does it imply endorsement of the article's methods or findings. CDC and DHHS assume no responsibility for the factual accuracy of the items presented. The selection, omission, or content of items does not imply any endorsement or other position taken by CDC or DHHS. Opinion, findings and conclusions expressed by the original authors of items included in the update, or persons quoted therein, are strictly their own and are in no way meant to represent the opinion or views of CDC or DHHS. References to publications, news sources, and non-CDC Websites are provided solely for informational purposes and do not imply endorsement by CDC or DHHS.

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