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Hot Topics of the Day|PHGKB
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12/31/2022

Hot Topics of the Day are picked by experts to capture the latest information and publications on public health genomics and precision health for various diseases and health topics. Sources include published scientific literature, reviews, blogs and popular press articles.

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A one-year genomic investigation of Escherichia coli epidemiology and nosocomial spread at a large US healthcare network
EG Mills et al, Genome Medicine, December 30, 2022

Whole-genome sequencing (WGS), phylogenetic analysis, and antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed for a complete set of 2075 E. coli clinical isolates collected from 1776 patients at a large tertiary healthcare network in the USA between October 2019 and September 2020. The study provides a rare and contemporary survey on the epidemiology and spread of E. coli in a large US healthcare network. While surveillance and infection control efforts often focus on ESBL and MDR lineages, our findings reveal that non-MDR isolates represent a large burden of infections, including those of predicted nosocomial origins.

DIGItal Health Literacy after COVID-19 Outbreak among Frail and Non-Frail Cardiology Patients: The DIGI-COVID Study
M Vitolo et al, J Per Med, December 31, 2020

A total of 300 patients were enrolled (36.3% females, median age 75 (66–84)) and stratified according to frailty status as robust (EFS = 5; 70.7%), pre-frail (EFS 6–7; 15.7%), and frail (EFS = 8; 13.7%). Frail and pre-frail patients used digital tools less frequently and accessed the Internet less frequently compared to robust patients. In the logistic regression analysis, frail patients were significantly associated with the non-use of the Internet (adjusted odds ratio 2.58, 95% CI 1.92–5.61) compared to robust and pre-frail patients. Digital health literacy decreased as the level of frailty increased in all the digital domains examined.

Association of Inherited Genetic Factors With Drug-Induced Hepatic Damage Among Children With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.
Yang Wenjian et al. JAMA network open 2022 12 (12) e2248803

In this genetic association study of 3557 children, adolescents, and young adults receiving ALL therapy, variants in UGT1A1 and PNPLA3 were associated with hyperbilirubinemia and elevated alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels, respectively. A polygenic risk score–based analysis demonstrated that the UGT1A1 variant was the primary driver of elevated bilirubin levels, while other genetic variants contributed to aminotransferase levels even after adjusting for PNPLA3.

Testing for EGFR Variants in Pleural and Pericardial Effusion Cell-free DNA in Patients With Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.
Lee Kirsty W C et al. JAMA oncology 2022 12

In this diagnostic study of 171 patients with advanced NSCLC and PE (104 tyrosine kinase inhibitor [TKI]–naive and 67 with acquired resistance to first- or second-generation EGFR-TKI therapy), PE-cfDNA had high sensitivity and specificity (both 97%) and better sensitivity (97% vs 74%) than plasma for the detection of sensitizing EGFR variants. Accuracy was lower for EGFR Thr790Met variant (T790M) detection, but T790M alteration was detected more frequently in PE-cfDNA (51%) than in PE cell block samples (25%).


Disclaimer: Articles listed in Hot Topics of the Day are selected by Public Health Genomics Branch to provide current awareness of the scientific literature and news. Inclusion in the update does not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention nor does it imply endorsement of the article's methods or findings. CDC and DHHS assume no responsibility for the factual accuracy of the items presented. The selection, omission, or content of items does not imply any endorsement or other position taken by CDC or DHHS. Opinion, findings and conclusions expressed by the original authors of items included in the Clips, or persons quoted therein, are strictly their own and are in no way meant to represent the opinion or views of CDC or DHHS. References to publications, news sources, and non-CDC Websites are provided solely for informational purposes and do not imply endorsement by CDC or DHHS.
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