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Hot Topics of the Day|PHGKB
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11/13/2019

Hot Topics of the Day are picked by experts to capture the latest information and publications on public health genomics and precision health for various diseases and health topics. Sources include published scientific literature, reviews, blogs and popular press articles.

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Archived Hot Topics of the Day By Date

Fulfilling the Promise - Ensuring the Success of Newborn Screening throughout Life
CDC, November 2019 Brand

Each year, more than 13,000 newborn babies are identified with conditions such as cystic fibrosis, sickle cell disease, congenital heart defects, and hearing loss through a public health program called newborn screening. Without specialized care and treatment, these babies would face long-term disability, or even death.

Using machine learning to predict opioid misuse among U.S. adolescents.
Han Dae-Hee et al. Preventive medicine 2019 Nov 130105886

This study evaluated prediction performance of three different machine learning (ML) techniques in predicting opioid misuse among U.S. adolescents. Data were drawn from the 2015-2017 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (N=?41,579 adolescents, ages 12-17 years) and analyzed in 2019. Prediction models were developed using three ML algorithms.

Reaching Those at Highest Risk for Suicide: Development of a Model Using Machine Learning Methods for use With Native American Communities.
Haroz Emily E et al. Suicide & life-threatening behavior 2019 Nov

Suicide prevention is a major priority in Native American communities. We used machine learning with community-based suicide surveillance data to better identify those most at risk. This study leverages data from the Celebrating Life program operated by the White Mountain Apache Tribe in Arizona.

HIV & AIDS with DNA HIV

Machine learning to identify persons at high-risk of HIV acquisition in rural Kenya and Uganda.
Balzer Laura B et al. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2019 Nov

Machine learning improved classification of individuals at risk of HIV acquisition compared to a model-based approach or reliance on known risk groups, and could inform targeting of prevention strategies in generalized epidemic settings.

Advancing Personalized Medicine Through Prediction
AR Localio et al, Annals of Internal Medicine, November 12, 2019

The Predictive Approaches to Treatment effect Heterogeneity (PATH) Statement
DM Kent et al, Annals of Internal Medicine

The PATH (Predictive Approaches to Treatment effect Heterogeneity) Statement was developed using a multidisciplinary technical expert panel, targeted literature reviews, simulations to characterize potential problems with predictive approaches, and a deliberative process engaging the expert panel.

Evaluating Machine Learning Articles
F Doshi-Velez et al, JAMA, November 12, 2019

How to Read Articles That Use Machine Learning- Users’ Guides to the Medical Literature
Y Liu et al, JAMA, November 12, 2019

The literature regarding machine learning is rapidly expanding. Although the machinery used to implement these techniques is complex, once a machine learning system is developed, the system should be validated using similar rules for any system designed to aid clinician decision-making. Once derived, a model should be validated in real-world settings.

Changing FH care requires effort from clinicians, researchers, patients
NK Wenger, Healio, November 12, 2019

Health care providers should empower patients through awareness and education. In addition, clinicians should match the intensity of the intervention to the patient’s risk and emphasize how behavioral changes can dramatically decrease the number of patients affected by CHD annually.

The Public Health Family Impact Checklist: A Tool to Help Practitioners Think Family
A Crandall et al, Frontiers in Public Health, November 2019

To improve population health, public health programs must support families. Limited training in family science, as well as lack of instruments to help “think family,” often result in Public Health practitioners feeling ill-equipped to develop programming that supports, targets, and/or involves a diverse range of families.


Disclaimer: Articles listed in Hot Topics of the Day are selected by Public Health Genomics Branch to provide current awareness of the scientific literature and news. Inclusion in the update does not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention nor does it imply endorsement of the article's methods or findings. CDC and DHHS assume no responsibility for the factual accuracy of the items presented. The selection, omission, or content of items does not imply any endorsement or other position taken by CDC or DHHS. Opinion, findings and conclusions expressed by the original authors of items included in the Clips, or persons quoted therein, are strictly their own and are in no way meant to represent the opinion or views of CDC or DHHS. References to publications, news sources, and non-CDC Websites are provided solely for informational purposes and do not imply endorsement by CDC or DHHS.
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