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Hot Topics of the Day|PHGKB
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07/31/2022

Hot Topics of the Day are picked by experts to capture the latest information and publications on public health genomics and precision health for various diseases and health topics. Sources include published scientific literature, reviews, blogs and popular press articles.

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Omicron Variant: What You Need to Know
CDC, July 29, 2022 Brand

The Omicron variant spreads more easily than earlier variants of the virus that cause COVID-19, including the Delta variant. CDC expects that anyone with Omicron infection, regardless of vaccination status or whether or not they have symptoms, can spread the virus to others. Data suggests that Omicron can reinfect individuals, even if they have recently recovered from COVID-19.

Baricitinib in COVID-19: a coming-of-age from artificial intelligence to reducing mortality
P Mehta et al, The Lancet, July 30, 2022

From early days in artificial intelligence algorithms to pharmacogenomic predictions15 we now have compelling efficacy and safety data for baricitinib in patients with COVID-19. Baricitinib's evolution is an exemplar of modern-day candidate selection, proof-of-concept testing, and drug repurposing, serving as a template for drug discovery—a powerful tool in future pandemic preparedness.

Remote COVID-19 Assessment in Primary Care (RECAP) risk prediction tool: derivation and real-world validation studies
AE Gonzales et al, The Lancet Digital Health, July 28, 2022

Accurate assessment of COVID-19 severity in the community is essential for patient care and requires COVID-19-specific risk prediction scores adequately validated in a community setting. We aimed to develop and validate two COVID-19-specific risk prediction scores. Remote COVID-19 Assessment in Primary Care-General Practice score (RECAP-GP; without peripheral oxygen saturation [SpO2]) and RECAP-oxygen saturation score (RECAP-O2; with SpO2). RECAP was a prospective cohort study that used multivariable logistic regression. Data on signs and symptoms (predictors) of disease were collected from community-based patients with suspected COVID-19 via primary care electronic health records and linked with secondary data on hospital admission (outcome) within 28 days of symptom onset.

Comparative effectiveness of BNT162b2 versus mRNA-1273 boosting in England: a cohort study in OpenSAFELY-TPP
WJ Hulme et al, MEDRXIV, July 30, 2022

Proteome and phosphoproteome signatures of recurrence for HPV+ head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
T Kaneko et al, Comm Medicine, July 30, 2022

To gain insights into the mechanisms of recurrence and to inform patient stratification and personalized treatment, we compared the proteome and phosphoproteome of recurrent and non-recurrent tumors by quantitative mass spectrometry. We observe significant differences between the recurrent and non-recurrent tumors in cellular composition, function, and signaling. The recurrent tumors are characterized by a pro-fibrotic and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) featuring markedly more abundant cancer-associated fibroblasts, extracellular matrix (ECM), neutrophils, and suppressive myeloid cells.

Microbiota succession throughout life from the cradle to the grave.
Martino Cameron et al. Nature reviews. Microbiology 2022 7

Associations between age and the human microbiota are robust and reproducible. The microbial composition at several body sites can predict human chronological age relatively accurately. Although it is largely unknown why specific microorganisms are more abundant at certain ages, human microbiota research has elucidated a series of microbial community transformations that occur between birth and death.


Disclaimer: Articles listed in Hot Topics of the Day are selected by Public Health Genomics Branch to provide current awareness of the scientific literature and news. Inclusion in the update does not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention nor does it imply endorsement of the article's methods or findings. CDC and DHHS assume no responsibility for the factual accuracy of the items presented. The selection, omission, or content of items does not imply any endorsement or other position taken by CDC or DHHS. Opinion, findings and conclusions expressed by the original authors of items included in the Clips, or persons quoted therein, are strictly their own and are in no way meant to represent the opinion or views of CDC or DHHS. References to publications, news sources, and non-CDC Websites are provided solely for informational purposes and do not imply endorsement by CDC or DHHS.
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