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Hot Topics of the Day|PHGKB
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06/11/2021

Hot Topics of the Day are picked by experts to capture the latest information and publications on public health genomics and precision health for various diseases and health topics. Sources include published scientific literature, reviews, blogs and popular press articles.

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Archived Hot Topics of the Day By Date

Primary care providers’ responses to unsolicited Lynch syndrome secondary findings of varying clinical significance
LN Galbraith et al, Genet in Med, June 10, 2021

We randomized 148 American Academy of Family Physicians members to review three reports with varying significance for Lynch syndrome. Participants provided open-ended responses about the follow-up they would address and organized the SF reports and five other topics in the order they would prioritize responding to them (1?=?highest priority, 6?=?lowest priority). Results suggest that while PCPs appreciated the differences in clinical significance, disclosure of VUS as SFs would substantially increase downstream health-care utilization.

Gene therapy helps children with immunodeficiency
O'Leary, Nature Medicine, June 10, 2021

Adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency is a rare, inherited disorder that leads to potentially life-threatening severe combined immunodeficiency (ADA-SCID). Enzyme-replacement therapy provides only limited benefit and patients ultimately require a stem-cell transplant. A lentivirus-based treatment restores immune function with minimal side effects in children with adenosine deaminase deficiency.

Leveraging artificial intelligence for pandemic preparedness and response: a scoping review to identify key use cases
A Syrowatka et al, NPJ Digital Medicine, June 10, 2021

The search identified 1167 articles that reported on traditional modeling approaches, which highlighted additional areas where ML could be leveraged for improving the accuracy of estimations or projections. Important ML-based solutions have been developed in response to pandemics, and particularly for COVID-19 but few were optimized for practical application early in the pandemic.

Delta Variant and COVID-19 Vaccines: What to Know
R Ellis, Medscape, June 10, 2021

The Delta variant was first detected in India in December 2020 and has now spread to 60 nations, the CDC says. The World Health Organization has designated it the fourth global variant of concern, along with the ones first identified in the United Kingdom, South Africa, and Brazil. As the Delta coronavirus variant continues to devastate India and spread to other nations, health experts are reiterating the importance of getting the COVID-19 vaccine – both doses of the shot, that is.

Neutralizing antibodies elicited by the Ad26.COV2.S COVID-19 vaccine show reduced activity against 501Y.V2 (B.1.351), despite protection against severe disease by this variant.
P Moore et al, BIORXIV, June 9, 2021

Country-wide genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 strains
K Kalia et al, BIORXIV, June 9, 2021

Second Generation Antibodies Neutralize Emerging SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern
B Kovachek et al, BIORXIV, June 9, 2021

BNT162b2 mRNA vaccinations in Israel: understanding the impact and improving the vaccination policies by redefining the immunized population
C Ross et al, MEDRXIV, June 10, 2021

Wastewater-based epidemiology for tracking COVID-19 trend and variants of concern in Ohio, United States
Y Ai et al, MEDRXIV, June 10, 2021

Inferring global-scale temporal latent topics from news reports to predict public health interventions for COVID-19
Z Wen et al, MEDRXIV, June 10, 2021

A year of COVID-19 GWAS results from the GRASP portal reveals potential SARS-CoV-2 modifiers
F Thibord et al, MEDRXIV, June 11, 2021

Between May 2020 and February 2021, we used Covid-19 data from UK Biobank and performed over 400 Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) of Covid-19 susceptibility (N=15,738 cases), hospitalization (N=1,916), severe outcomes (N=935) and death (N=828), We observed 2 independent signals at the chr3p21.31 locus (rs73062389-A, OR=1.22, P=7.64E-14 and rs13092887-A, OR=1.73, P=2.38E-8, in Europeans) modulating susceptibility and severity, respectively, and a signal influencing susceptibility at the ABO locus (rs9411378-A, OR=1.10, P =7.36E-10, in Europeans).

Predictive analytics and tailored interventions improve clinical outcomes in older adults: a randomized controlled trial
SB Golas et al, NPJ DIgital Medicine

This randomized controlled trial evaluated the impact of a Stepped-Care approach (predictive analytics + tailored nurse-driven interventions) on healthcare utilization among 370 older adult patients enrolled in a homecare management program and using a Personal Emergency Response System. The Control group (CG) received care as usual, while the Intervention group (IG) received Stepped-Care during a 180-day intervention period.

Towards precision medicine in heart failure
CS Weldy et al, Nat Rev Cardiol, June 9, 2021

We summarize the biology of heart failure (HF), emphasizing the causal relationships between genetic contributors and traditional structure-based remodelling outcomes, and highlight the mechanisms of action of traditional and novel therapeutics. We discuss the latest advances in our understanding of both the Mendelian genetics of cardiomyopathy and the complex genetics of the clinical syndrome presenting as HF.


Disclaimer: Articles listed in Hot Topics of the Day are selected by Public Health Genomics Branch to provide current awareness of the scientific literature and news. Inclusion in the update does not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention nor does it imply endorsement of the article's methods or findings. CDC and DHHS assume no responsibility for the factual accuracy of the items presented. The selection, omission, or content of items does not imply any endorsement or other position taken by CDC or DHHS. Opinion, findings and conclusions expressed by the original authors of items included in the Clips, or persons quoted therein, are strictly their own and are in no way meant to represent the opinion or views of CDC or DHHS. References to publications, news sources, and non-CDC Websites are provided solely for informational purposes and do not imply endorsement by CDC or DHHS.
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