522 hot topic(s) found with the query "Microbiome"
Microbiome-based therapeutics
(Posted: Apr 21, 2024 8AM)
From the article: "The gut microbiome plays an important part in a number of gastrointestinal conditions, including Clostridioides difficile infection and inflammatory bowel disease. Interest in modulating the gut microbiome, through prebiotics, probiotics, and natural or artificial microbiota therapeutics, has increased markedly in the past decade. Although the field has developed rapidly, it has faced reproducibility issues and encountered safety and regulatory hurdles. This two-part Series explores the development and promise of artificial microbiome therapeutics, and the current and future perspectives for microbiota therapies for treating inflammatory bowel disease. "
Adherence to the Mediterranean diet can beneficially affect the gut microbiota composition: a systematic review
(Posted: Apr 19, 2024 10AM)
From the abstract: "Dietary patterns could have a notable role in shaping gut microbiota composition. Evidence confirms the positive impact of the Mediterranean diet (MD), as one of the most studied healthy dietary patterns, on the gut microbiota profile. We conducted this systematic review to investigate the results of observational studies and clinical trials regarding the possible changes in the gut microbiota composition, metabolites, and clinical outcomes following adherence to MD in healthy cases or patients suffering from metabolic disorders. "
Fine-tuning the gut ecosystem: the current landscape and outlook of artificial microbiome therapeutics
S Porcari et al, Lancet GE Hepa, May 2024
(Posted: Apr 09, 2024 8AM)
From the abstract: " The gut microbiome is acknowledged as a key determinant of human health, and technological progress in the past two decades has enabled the deciphering of its composition and functions and its role in human disorders. Therefore, manipulation of the gut microbiome has emerged as a promising therapeutic option for communicable and non-communicable disorders. Full exploitation of current therapeutic microbiome modulators (including probiotics, prebiotics, and faecal microbiota transplantation) is hindered by several factors, including poor precision, regulatory and safety issues, and the impossibility of providing reproducible and targeted treatments."
The DTC microbiome testing industry needs more regulation.
Diane E Hoffmann et al. Science 2024 3 (6688) 1176-1179
(Posted: Mar 23, 2024 6AM)
From the article: "A growing body of research has suggested the potential for improving human health by better understanding the human microbiome. This research has led to the emergence of a global industry selling direct-to-consumer (DTC) microbiome testing services. Regulation of this industry has been generally ignored despite its having made a mark on the lifestyle health and wellness market. Yet companies’ claims of having the ability to detect “abnormal” microbiomes are not substantiated by research; the testing processes lack analytical validity, and the results have no demonstrated clinical validity. "
Identification of dynamic microbiota signatures in patients with melanoma receiving ICIs: opportunities and challenges.
Saman Maleki Vareki et al. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2024 3
(Posted: Mar 21, 2024 7AM)
From the abstract: "The composition of the gut microbiota has emerged as a tumour-extrinsic factor that modulates response to immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), although the lack of consistency in microbiota signatures across studies has limited their value as reliable biomarkers. Herein, we discuss a recent study in which longitudinal microbiome profiling identified several taxa that are persistently enriched in patients with melanoma and a favourable response to ICIs. "
A gut microbial signature for combination immune checkpoint blockade across cancer types.
Ashray Gunjur et al. Nat Med 2024 3
(Posted: Mar 03, 2024 10AM)
From the abstract: "We performed deep shotgun metagenomic sequencing of baseline fecal samples from a unique, richly annotated phase 2 trial cohort of patients with diverse rare cancers treated with combination ICB (n?=?106 discovery cohort). We demonstrate that strain-resolved microbial abundances improve machine learning predictions of ICB response and 12-month progression-free survival relative to models built using species-rank quantifications or comprehensive pretreatment clinical factors. "
No room at the table.
Lauren C Radlinski et al. Science 2023 12 (6676) 1244-1245
(Posted: Dec 18, 2023 8AM)
From the article: "There has been a substantial effort to associate microbial community composition with health and disease. Yet, despite the abundance of data generated by advancements in sequencing technologies, it remains unclear what constitutes a “healthy” microbiota or how to define an impaired one. This information would make it possible to predict susceptibility to opportunistic infection by metagenomic analysis of patient feces. "
Robust airway microbiome signatures in acute respiratory failure and hospital-acquired pneumonia.
Emmanuel Montassier et al. Nat Med 2023 11
(Posted: Nov 14, 2023 9AM)
From the abstract: "Respiratory microbial dysbiosis is associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) in critically ill patients. However, we lack reproducible respiratory microbiome signatures that can increase our understanding of these conditions and potential treatments. Here, we analyze 16S rRNA sequencing data from 2,177 respiratory samples collected from 1,029 critically ill patients (21.7% with ARDS and 26.3% with HAP) and 327 healthy controls. Using machine learning models, we identified clinically informative, three- and four-factor signatures that predicted ARDS, HAP and prolonged mechanical ventilation with relatively high accuracy (area under the curve of 0.751, 0.72 and 0.727, respectively). "
Bacterial SNPs in the human gut microbiome associate with host BMI.
Liron Zahavi et al. Nat Med 2023 11
(Posted: Nov 03, 2023 8AM)
From the abstract: " We recruited and obtained gut metagenomic samples from a cohort of 7,190 healthy individuals and discovered 1,358 statistically significant associations between a bacterial SNP and host body mass index (BMI), from which we distilled 40 independent associations. Most of these associations were unexplained by diet, medications or physical exercise, and 17 replicated in a geographically independent cohort. We uncovered BMI-associated SNPs in 27 bacterial species, and 12 of them showed no association by standard relative abundance analysis. "
Gut Microbiome in Patients With Early-Stage and Late-Stage Melanoma
RG Witt et al, JAMA Dermatology, August 30, 2023
(Posted: Aug 30, 2023 1PM)
From the abstract: "Do patients with melanoma have different fecal microbiota profiles than individuals without melanoma, and does the fecal microbiome differ based on disease stage? In this case-control study of 228 participants, patients with melanoma had a different structure of microbiome, with lower abundance of multiple beneficial commensals, compared with control participants. The gut microbiota of patients with early-stage melanoma was characterized by higher alpha diversity and a distinct microbiome structure compared with those with late-stage melanoma."
Saliva microbiome in relation to SARS-CoV-2 infection in a prospective cohort of healthy US adults
AJS Armstrong et al, Ebiomedicine, July 2023
(Posted: Jul 24, 2023 11AM)
The clinical outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection vary in severity, potentially influenced by the resident human microbiota. There is limited consensus on conserved microbiome changes in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, with many studies focusing on severely ill individuals. This study aimed to assess the variation in the upper respiratory tract microbiome using saliva specimens in a cohort of individuals with primarily mild to moderate disease. The salivary microbiome remained stable in unexposed individuals over the six-month study period, as evidenced by all measured metrics. Similarly, participants with mild to moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection showed microbiome stability throughout and after their infection.
Gut OncoMicrobiome Signatures (GOMS) as next-generation biomarkers for cancer immunotherapy.
Andrew Maltez Thomas et al. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2023 6
(Posted: Jul 17, 2023 8AM)
In this Review, we discuss how patients with cancer across various subtypes share several GOMS with individuals with seemingly unrelated chronic inflammatory disorders who, in turn, tend to have GOMS different from those of healthy individuals. We discuss findings from the aforementioned meta-analysis of GOMS patterns associated with clinical benefit from or resistance to ICIs across different cancer types (in 808 patients), with a focus on metabolic and immunological surrogate markers of intestinal dysbiosis, and propose practical guidelines to incorporate GOMS in decision-making for prospective clinical trials in immuno-oncology.
Impact of antibiotics on gut microbiome composition and resistome in the first years of life in low- to middle-income countries: A systematic review.
Charlie C Luchen et al. PLoS Med 2023 6 (6) e1004235
(Posted: Jul 03, 2023 8AM)
We systematically collected studies performed in LMIC in children that reported the effects of antibiotics on gut bacteria and profiled their antibiotic resistance genes. Our search revealed a paucity of published studies focusing on this topic and we identified only a handful of eligible studies to include in the review. We compared these studies based on the antibiotic used and differential impacts on gut bacteria, i.e., gut microbiome profiles and/or resistance genes.
We observed that among children in LMIC, antibiotics generally reduced the numbers of bacterial taxa in the gut and increased the number of bacterial taxa with AMR.
Infant gut microbiota and environment associate with juvenile idiopathic arthritis many years prior to disease onset, especially in genetically vulnerable children
E Kindgren et al, Ebiomedicine, June 14, 2023
(Posted: Jun 15, 2023 8AM)
The etiology of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is poorly understood. This study investigated genetic and environmental factors and infant gut microbiota in a prospective birth cohort to assess disease risk. Data was collected from a population-based cohort (n = 17,055), 111 of whom later acquired JIA (ABISJIA). Stool samples were collected at one year of age for 10.4%. To determine disease association, 16S rRNA gene sequences were analyzed, with and without confound adjustment. Genetic and environmental risks were assessed. We found that microbial dysregulation in infancy may trigger or accelerate JIA development. Environmental risk factors have a stronger impact on genetically predisposed children.
Lung and Gut Microbiome in COPD
E Karakasidis et al, J Per Med, May 8, 2023
(Posted: May 08, 2023 9AM)
Exploring the complex relationship between gut microbiota and risk of colorectal neoplasia using bidirectional Mendelian Randomization analysis.
Wanxin Li et al. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023 4
(Posted: Apr 29, 2023 3PM)
We find genetic liability to colorectal neoplasia may be associated with abundance of certain microbiota taxa. It is more likely that subset of CRC genetic liability variants changes gut biology by influencing both gut microbiota and CRC risk. This study highlights the need of future complementary studies to explore causal mechanisms linking both host genetic variation with gut microbiome and CRC susceptibility.
Linking the microbiome to CAR-T cell responses.
Zachariah DeFilipp et al. Nature medicine 2023 3
(Posted: Mar 29, 2023 9AM)
Disruption of the intestinal microbiota is implicated in the pathophysiology of numerous health conditions, and recent studies have identified the gut microbiome as a variable that can impact cancer immunotherapy outcomes. A new study found that the composition of the intestinal microbiome may predict clinical outcomes of CAR-T cell therapy for lymphoma, which could inform microbiota-based intervention strategies.
Multiomic signatures of body mass index identify heterogeneous health phenotypes and responses to a lifestyle intervention.
Kengo Watanabe et al. Nature medicine 2023 3
(Posted: Mar 22, 2023 7AM)
We report an atlas of cross-sectional and longitudinal changes in 1,111 blood analytes associated with variation in body mass index (BMI), as well as multiomic associations with host polygenic risk scores and gut microbiome composition, from a cohort of 1,277 individuals enrolled in a wellness program (Arivale). Machine learning model predictions of BMI from blood multiomics captured heterogeneous phenotypic states of host metabolism and gut microbiome composition better than BMI, which was also validated in an external cohort (TwinsUK). Moreover, longitudinal analyses identified variable BMI trajectories for different omics measures in response to a healthy lifestyle intervention.
Cardiometabolic health, diet and the gut microbiome: a meta-omics perspective.
Mireia Valles-Colomer et al. Nature medicine 2023 3
(Posted: Mar 18, 2023 7PM)
High-throughput omics techniques applied on microbiome samples (meta-omics) hold the unprecedented potential to shed light on the intricate links between diet, the microbiome, the metabolome and cardiometabolic health, with a top-down approach. However, effective integration of complementary meta-omic techniques is an open challenge and their application on large cohorts is still limited. Here we review meta-omics techniques and discuss their potential in this context, highlighting recent large-scale efforts and the novel insights they provided. Finally, we look to the next decade of meta-omics research and discuss various translational and clinical pathways to improving cardiometabolic health.
Dysbiosis of a microbiota-immune metasystem in critical illness is associated with nosocomial infections.
Jared Schlechte et al. Nature medicine 2023 3
(Posted: Mar 13, 2023 8PM)
Here we use integrated systems-level analyses of fecal microbiota dynamics in rectal swabs and single-cell profiling of systemic immune and inflammatory responses in a prospective longitudinal cohort study of critically ill patients to show that the gut microbiota and systemic immunity function as an integrated metasystem, where intestinal dysbiosis is coupled to impaired host defense and increased frequency of nosocomial infections.
A non-antibiotic-disrupted gut microbiome is associated with clinical responses to CD19-CAR-T cell cancer immunotherapy
CKS Thoringer et al, Nature Medicine, March 13, 2023
(Posted: Mar 13, 2023 8PM)
Increasing evidence suggests that the gut microbiome may modulate the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. In a B cell lymphoma patient cohort from five centers in Germany and the United States (Germany, n?=?66; United States, n?=?106; total, n?=?172), we demonstrate that wide-spectrum antibiotics treatment (‘high-risk antibiotics’) prior to CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy is associated with adverse outcomes, but this effect is likely to be confounded by an increased pretreatment tumor burden and systemic inflammation in patients pretreated with high-risk antibiotics. To resolve this confounding effect and gain insights into antibiotics-masked microbiome signals impacting CAR-T efficacy, we focused on the high-risk antibiotics non-exposed patient population.
Secrets of microbiota drug metabolism.
Andrew J Macpherson et al. Nature medicine 2023 2
(Posted: Feb 24, 2023 7AM)
High-resolution meta-omics have enabled the discovery of the microbial enzymes that inactivate an ulcerative colitis drug and predict subsequent treatment failure, an approach that could enable more personalized treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.
Gut microbial metabolism of 5-ASA diminishes its clinical efficacy in inflammatory bowel disease.
Raaj S Mehta et al. Nature medicine 2023 2
(Posted: Feb 24, 2023 7AM)
We developed a multi-omics workflow combining gut microbiome metagenomics, metatranscriptomics and metabolomics from the longitudinal IBDMDB cohort of 132 controls and patients with IBD. This associated 12 previously uncharacterized microbial acetyltransferases with 5-ASA inactivation, belonging to two protein superfamilies: thiolases and acyl-CoA N-acyltransferases. A cross-sectional analysis within the discovery cohort and subsequent prospective validation within the independent SPARC IBD cohort (n?=?208) found three of these microbial thiolases and one acyl-CoA N-acyltransferase to be epidemiologically associated with an increased risk of treatment failure among 5-ASA users.
How our microbiome is shaped by family, friends and even neighbours.
Callaway Ewen et al. Nature 2023 1
(Posted: Jan 21, 2023 6AM)
People living in the same household share more than just a roof (and pints of milk). Be they family or flatmate, housemates tend to have the same microbes colonizing their bodies, and the longer the cohabitation, the more similar these microbiomes become. The conclusion — based on a new study of the gut and mouth microbiomes of thousands of people from around the world1 — raises the possibility that diseases linked to microbiome dysfunction, including cancer, diabetes and obesity, could be partly transmissible.
The next giant step for microbes.
et al. Nature biotechnology 2023 1 (1) 1
(Posted: Jan 19, 2023 7AM)
A microbiome therapy is approved by the FDA for treatment of Clostridioides difficile. What’s next? Our gut microbiomes are complex, consisting of hundreds of bacterial species. These bacteria influence not only the activity of our gut, but also our neural development and response to drug treatments. It has proven difficult to determine the links between the microbiome and human health, and until recently, no microbiome-based therapies were approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or the European Medicines Agency.
The person-to-person transmission landscape of the gut and oral microbiomes
MV Colomer et al, Nature, January 18, 2023
(Posted: Jan 18, 2023 1PM)
Here, capitalizing on more than 9,700 human metagenomes and computational strain-level profiling, we detected extensive bacterial strain sharing across individuals (more than 10 million instances) with distinct mother-to-infant, intra-household and intra-population transmission patterns. Mother-to-infant gut microbiome transmission was considerable and stable during infancy (around 50% of the same strains among shared species (strain-sharing rate)) and remained detectable at older ages. By contrast, the transmission of the oral microbiome occurred largely horizontally and was enhanced by the duration of cohabitation.
Mode of delivery modulates the intestinal microbiota and impacts the response to vaccination.
de Koff Emma M et al. Nature communications 2022 11 (1) 6638
(Posted: Nov 16, 2022 8AM)
We assess the association between mode of delivery, gut microbiota development in the first year of life, and mucosal antigen-specific antibody responses against pneumococcal vaccination in 101 infants at age 12 months and against meningococcal vaccination in 66 infants at age 18 months. Birth by vaginal delivery is associated with higher antibody responses against both vaccines. Relative abundances of vaginal birth-associated Bifidobacterium and Escherichia coli in the first weeks of life are positively associated with anti-pneumococcal antibody responses, and relative abundance of E. coli in the same period is also positively associated with anti-meningococcal antibody responses.
Bittersweet: artificial sweeteners and the gut microbiome
T LeRoy et al, Nature, November 2, 2022
(Posted: Nov 03, 2022 8AM)
In a clinical trial, non-nutritive sweeteners — which are supposedly inert — were shown to disrupt the gut microbiome of healthy people and impair glucose tolerance. For many years, the use of non-nutritive sweeteners has been widespread across the globe. A source of profit for the food industry, sweeteners have been considered as a valuable alternative to the excessive use of sugar, which is considered harmful on account of its association with cardiometabolic pathologies, cancers and poor dental health.
Gut microbiome dysbiosis in antibiotic-treated COVID-19 patients is associated with microbial translocation and bacteremia
LB Raichon et al, Nature Comm, November 1, 2022
(Posted: Nov 01, 2022 11AM)
Samples collected from 96 COVID-19 patients at two different clinical sites also revealed substantial gut microbiome dysbiosis, including blooms of opportunistic pathogenic bacterial genera known to include antimicrobial-resistant species. Analysis of blood culture results testing for secondary microbial bloodstream infections with paired microbiome data indicates that bacteria may translocate from the gut into the systemic circulation of COVID-19 patients. These results are consistent with a direct role for gut microbiome dysbiosis in enabling dangerous secondary infections during COVID-19.
Provocateurs of autoimmunity within the gut microbiota.
Upadhyay Rabi et al. Science translational medicine 2022 10 (668) eadd3901
(Posted: Oct 27, 2022 9AM)
A challenge in the field of microbiota-host interactions has been the difficulty in progressing from correlation to demonstration of causality in the relationship between colonizing bacterial species or communities and disease. A recent study provides strong support for an important role of intestinal microbes in Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) pathogenesis. Previous studies showed an association in new-onset RA patients with P. copri colonization and, potentially, selective priming of P. copri antigen–specific T cells in patients with RA.
The potential of tailoring the gut microbiome to prevent and treat cardiometabolic disease.
Chakaroun Rima Mohsen et al. Nature reviews. Cardiology 2022 10
(Posted: Oct 20, 2022 6AM)
n this Review, we provide an overview of the current evidence on the interconnectedness of the gut microbiome and CVD against the noisy backdrop of highly prevalent confounders in advanced CVD, such as increased metabolic burden and polypharmacy. We further aim to conceptualize the molecular mechanisms at the center of these associations and identify actionable gut microbiome-based targets,
Influence of the microbiome, diet and genetics on inter-individual variation in the human plasma metabolome.
Chen Lianmin et al. Nature medicine 2022 10
(Posted: Oct 11, 2022 2PM)
The levels of the thousands of metabolites in the human plasma metabolome are strongly influenced by an individual’s genetics and the composition of their diet and gut microbiome. Here, by assessing 1,183 plasma metabolites in 1,368 extensively phenotyped individuals from the Lifelines DEEP and Genome of the Netherlands cohorts, we quantified the proportion of inter-individual variation in the plasma metabolome explained by different factors, characterizing 610, 85 and 38 metabolites as dominantly associated with diet, the gut microbiome and genetics.
Multi-omic phenotyping reveals host-microbe responses to bariatric surgery, glycaemic control and obesity
NC Penny et al, Comm Medicine, October 7, 2022
(Posted: Oct 08, 2022 7AM)
Here we show that bariatric surgery reverses several disrupted pathways characteristic of T2D. The differential metabolite set representative of bariatric surgery overlaps with both diabetes (19.3% commonality) and body mass index (18.6% commonality). However, the percentage overlap between diabetes and body mass index is minimal (4.0% commonality), consistent with weight-independent mechanisms of T2D resolution. The gut microbiota is more strongly correlated to body mass index than T2D.
Microbiome epidemiology and association studies in human health
H VanEvery et al, Nature Rev Genetics, October 5, 2022
(Posted: Oct 06, 2022 7AM)
Recent advances, including next-generation sequencing and the proliferation of multi-omic data types, have enabled the exploration of the mechanisms that connect microbial communities to human health. Here, we review the ways in which features of the microbiome at various body sites can influence health outcomes, and we describe emerging opportunities and future directions for advanced microbiome epidemiology.
Malnutrition can be treated by encouraging the right gut bacteria A specially devised diet made from cheap ingredients works well
The Economist, September 28, 2022
(Posted: Oct 02, 2022 9AM)
Association between Gut Microbiota and Emotional-Behavioral Symptoms in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
MJ Lee et al, J Per Medicine, September 29, 2022
(Posted: Oct 02, 2022 9AM)
Previous studies have explored the role of the microbiome in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, whether the microbiome is correlated with emotional–behavioral disturbances, the most common comorbid symptom of ADHD, remains unclear. We established a cross-sectional study in which 6- to 18-year-old children with ADHD who were receiving no medication and a healthy control group of children without ADHD were recruited to analyze their microbiome composition.
Diet-driven microbial ecology underpins associations between cancer immunotherapy outcomes and the gut microbiome
RC Simpson et al, Nature Medicine, September 22, 2022
(Posted: Sep 23, 2022 7AM)
The gut microbiota shapes the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in cancer, however dietary and geographic influences have not been well-studied in prospective trials. To address this, we prospectively profiled baseline gut (fecal) microbiota signatures and dietary patterns of 103 trial patients from Australia and the Netherlands treated with neoadjuvant ICIs for high risk resectable metastatic melanoma and performed an integrated analysis with data from 115 patients with melanoma treated with ICIs in the United States.
Multimodal biomedical AI.
Acosta Julián N et al. Nature medicine 2022 9
(Posted: Sep 20, 2022 5AM)
The increasing availability of biomedical data from large biobanks, electronic health records, medical imaging, wearable and ambient biosensors, and the lower cost of genome and microbiome sequencing have set the stage for the development of multimodal artificial intelligence solutions that capture the complexity of human health and disease. In this Review, we outline the key applications enabled, along with the technical and analytical challenges.
Dissecting the role of the human microbiome in COVID-19 via metagenome-assembled genomes
S Ke et al, Nature Comms, September 6, 2022
(Posted: Sep 06, 2022 7AM)
We used whole-metagenome shotgun sequencing data together with assembly and binning strategies to reconstruct metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) from 514 COVID-19 related nasopharyngeal and fecal samples in six independent cohorts. We found that there is a significant reduction of strain richness for many species in the gut microbiome of COVID-19 patients. The gut microbiome signatures can accurately distinguish COVID-19 cases from healthy controls and predict the progression of COVID-19.
Communicating Precision Medicine Research: Multidisciplinary Teams and Diverse Communities.
Beans Julie A et al. Public health genomics 2022 8 1-9
(Posted: Sep 01, 2022 3PM)
A shared definition of precision medicine research as well as six case examples of precision medicine research involving genetic risk, pharmacogenetics, epigenetics, the microbiome, mobile health, and electronic health records were developed. Discussion/Conclusion: The precision medicine research definition and case examples can be used as planning tools to establish a shared understanding of the scope of precision medicine research across multidisciplinary teams and with the diverse communities.
Variability in mRNA SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 vaccine immunogenicity is associated with differences in the gut microbiome and habitual dietary fibre intake
GR Healy et al, MEDRXIV, August 25, 2022
(Posted: Aug 26, 2022 8AM)
Metabolomic and gut microbiome profiles across the spectrum of community-based COVID and non-COVID disease: A COVID-19 Biobank study.
MF Osterdahl et al, MEDRXIV, August 9, 2022
(Posted: Aug 10, 2022 7AM)
The oral microbiome and lung cancer risk: An analysis of 3 prospective cohort studies
E Vogtman et al, JNCI, August 5, 2022
(Posted: Aug 06, 2022 6AM)
Previous studies suggested associations between the oral microbiome and lung cancer, but studies were predominantly cross-sectional and underpowered.
Multiple oral microbial measures were prospectively associated with lung cancer risk in three US cohort studies with associations varying by smoking history and histologic subtype. The oral microbiome may offer new opportunities for lung cancer prevention.
Metabolic control by the microbiome.
Cox Timothy O et al. Genome medicine 2022 7 (1) 80
(Posted: Aug 03, 2022 6AM)
We review the interactions between the metabolic activities of the microbiome and the systemic metabolism of the host. The concept that the endocrine system includes more than just the host component enables the rational design of exogenous interventions that shape human metabolism. An improved mechanistic understanding of the metabolic microbiome-host interaction may therefore pioneer actionable microbiota-based diagnostics or therapeutics
Microbiota succession throughout life from the cradle to the grave.
Martino Cameron et al. Nature reviews. Microbiology 2022 7
(Posted: Jul 31, 2022 7AM)
Associations between age and the human microbiota are robust and reproducible. The microbial composition at several body sites can predict human chronological age relatively accurately. Although it is largely unknown why specific microorganisms are more abundant at certain ages, human microbiota research has elucidated a series of microbial community transformations that occur between birth and death.
How gut bacteria could boost cancer treatments
J Erdmann, Nature, July 19, 2022
(Posted: Jul 19, 2022 7AM)
Increasingly, research is showing that the gut microbiome can have good or bad effects on the progression of distant tumors, the side effects of treatments and the ability of the immune system to pick off cancer cells. Some research has linked specific bacteria to beneficial effects, which could point to tailored treatments. And scientists are exploring the role of diet and gut-microbe diversity, as well as revealing interactions between the organisms that reside in the gut and those that live in tumors themselves, potentially opening up new targets for treatment.
The microbiome-gut-brain axis in Parkinson disease - from basic research to the clinic.
Tan Ai Huey et al. Nature reviews. Neurology 2022 6
(Posted: Jul 10, 2022 2PM)
Here, we provide a critical review of the literature on the microbiome–gut–brain axis in PD and present perspectives that will be useful for clinical practice. We begin with an overview of the gut–brain axis in PD, including the potential roles and interrelationships of the vagus nerve, a-synuclein in the enteric nervous system, altered intestinal permeability and inflammation, and gut microbes and their metabolic activities. The sections that follow synthesize the proposed roles of gut-related factors in the development and progression of, in responses to PD treatment, and as therapeutic targets.
Alterations in the Nasopharyngeal Microbiome Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infection Status and Disease Severity
NPG Gauthier et al, MEDRXIV, June 13, 2022
(Posted: Jun 14, 2022 7AM)
Rethinking healthy eating in light of the gut microbiome
AM Armet et al, Cell Host and Microbe, June 8, 2022
(Posted: Jun 09, 2022 11AM)
In this review, we discuss contemporary nutritional recommendations from a microbiome science perspective, focusing on mechanistic evidence that established host-microbe interactions as mediators of the physiological effects of diet. We apply this knowledge to inform discussions of nutrition controversies, advance innovative dietary strategies, and propose an experimental framework that integrates the microbiome into nutrition research. The congruence of key paradigms in the nutrition and microbiome disciplines validates current recommendations in dietary guidelines, and the systematic incorporation of microbiome science into nutrition research has the potential to further improve and innovate healthy eating.
A multiplicity of microbiomes.
Kelly Priscilla et al. Science (New York, N.Y.) 2022 5 (6596) 932-933
(Posted: May 29, 2022 11AM)
Humans have many distinct and interconnecting microbial populations that exert systemic effects throughout the body. Understanding the ways these communities interact provides insight into how the collective microbiome shapes health and disease.
Gut microbiota predicts body fat change following a low-energy diet: a PREVIEW intervention study
C Jian et al, Genome Medicine, May 23, 2022
(Posted: May 24, 2022 8AM)
Low-energy diets (LEDs) comprise commercially formulated food products that provide between 800 and 1200 kcal/day (3.3–5 MJ/day) to aid body weight loss. Recent small-scale studies suggest that LEDs are associated with marked changes in the gut microbiota that may modify the effect of the LED on host metabolism and weight loss. We investigated how the gut microbiota changed during 8 weeks of total meal replacement LED and determined their associations with host response.
Heterogeneity in statin responses explained by variation in the human gut microbiome
T Wilmansky et al, Med, May 11, 2022
(Posted: May 12, 2022 8AM)
the authors identify a novel blood-based biomarker for monitoring statin effects in two large, independent human cohorts. They identify gut microbiome features robustly associated with variable statin responses, both in terms of on-target (cholesterol lowering) and adverse (insulin resistance) effects. Furthermore, these microbiome-statin associations are independent of human genetic variation associated with statin response variability. These results support the potential clinical utility of monitoring the gut microbiome for optimizing drug therapy.
The Potential of the Gut Microbiome to Reshape the Cancer Therapy Paradigm A Review
L Liu et al, JAMA Oncology, April 27, 2022
(Posted: Apr 28, 2022 0PM)
This review aims to highlight the current understanding of the association of the gut microbiome with the therapeutic response to immunotherapy, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, cancer surgery, and more, while also contextualizing possible synergistic strategies with the microbiome for tackling some of the most challenging tumors. It also provides insights on contemporary methods that target the microbiota and the current progression of findings being translated from bench to bedside.
Here Come the Artificial Intelligence Nutritionists- Companies are experimenting with personalized diet apps, saying the future of healthy eating is A.I.
S Ravindran, NY Times, March 14, 2022
(Posted: Mar 16, 2022 0PM)
The field of personalized nutrition is still in its Wild West phase, and experts say it’s important to sort through the hype. Many companies are willing to test your microbiome and offer A.I.-driven dietary recommendations — as well as sell you supplements — but few are based on scientifically rigorous trials.
Gut microbiome correlates of response and toxicity following anti-CD19 CAR T cell therapy
M Smith et al, Nature Medicine, March 14, 2022
(Posted: Mar 15, 2022 7AM)
We investigated the role of the intestinal microbiome on these outcomes in a multicenter study of patients with B cell lymphoma and leukemia. We found in a retrospective cohort (n?=?228) that exposure to antibiotics, in particular piperacillin/tazobactam, meropenem and imipenem/cilastatin (P-I-M), in the 4 weeks before therapy was associated with worse survival and increased neurotoxicity. In stool samples from a prospective cohort of CAR T cell recipients (n?=?48), the fecal microbiome was altered at baseline compared to healthy controls. Stool sample profiling by 16S ribosomal RNA and metagenomic shotgun sequencing revealed that clinical outcomes were associated with differences in specific bacterial taxa and metabolic pathways.
The effects of the Green-Mediterranean diet on cardiometabolic health are linked to gut microbiome modifications: a randomized controlled trial
E Rinott et al, Genome Medicine, March 10, 2022
(Posted: Mar 12, 2022 11AM)
Both MED diets induced substantial changes in the community structure of the gut microbiome, with the Green-MED diet leading to more prominent compositional changes, largely driven by the low abundant, “non-core,” microorganisms. The Green-MED diet was associated with specific microbial changes, including enrichments in the genus Prevotella and enzymatic functions involved in branched-chain amino acid degradation, and reductions in the genus Bifidobacterium and enzymatic functions responsible for branched-chain amino acid biosynthesis. The MED and Green-MED diets were also associated with stepwise beneficial changes in body weight and cardiometabolic biomarkers, concomitantly with the increased plant intake and reduced meat intake.
Oropharyngeal Microbiome Profiled at Admission is Predictive of the Need for Respiratory Support Among COVID-19 Patients
E Stuart et al, MEDRXIV, February 28, 2022
(Posted: Mar 01, 2022 7AM)
Fighting the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic requires a global approach to understanding the heterogeneity of vaccine responses
JA Tomalka et al, Nature Immunology, February 24, 2022
(Posted: Feb 25, 2022 6AM)
Host genetic and environmental factors including age, biological sex, diet, geographical location, microbiome composition and metabolites converge to influence innate and adaptive immune responses to vaccines. Failure to understand and account for these factors when investigating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine efficacy may impair the development of the next generation of vaccines.
Host and microbiome features of secondary infections in lethal covid-19
M Zacharias et al, MEDRXIV, February 19, 2022
(Posted: Feb 20, 2022 7AM)
Before the heart attack
EE Blaak et al, Nature Medicine, February 17, 2022
(Posted: Feb 19, 2022 7AM)
Integrated analysis of microbiome and metabolome profiles in unique cohorts reveals early and late markers of the transition towards ischemic heart disease. Ischemic heart disease (IHD), also known as coronary artery disease, can culminate in heart attack and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. To improve clinical outcomes, more insight is required into the complex etiology of IHD. Two large-scale studies integrate extensive gut microbiome and serum metabolome profiles in the progression toward IHD, taking into account key confounders such as metabolic status and medication — and thereby providing insight into the etiology of IHD.
Microbiome and metabolome features of the cardiometabolic disease spectrum
S Fromentin et al, Nature Medicine, February 17, 2022
(Posted: Feb 18, 2022 8AM)
We recruited 1,241 middle-aged Europeans, including healthy individuals, individuals with dysmetabolic morbidities (obesity and type 2 diabetes) but lacking overt IHD diagnosis and individuals with ischemic heart disease at three distinct clinical stages—acute coronary syndrome, chronic IHD and IHD with heart failure—and characterized their phenome, gut metagenome and serum and urine metabolome. We found that about 75% of microbiome and metabolome features that distinguish individuals with IHD from healthy individuals.
Our genes, our microbes
Nature Genetics editorial, February 11, 2022
(Posted: Feb 15, 2022 7AM)
In recent years, large-scale genomic studies have been performed in attempts to determine how genetic variation in the human host influences the gut microbiome. As microbiome traits are very heterogeneous, new analytical approaches are needed to move this field forward. By using genetic tools, there is a huge opportunity to enrich our understanding of the complex link between humans and our intimately associated microbial species.
Association of the Gut Microbiota With Cognitive Function in Midlife
K Meyer et al, JAMA Network Open, February 8, 2022
(Posted: Feb 09, 2022 4PM)
Is the gut microbiota associated with cognitive function? In this cross-sectional study, ß-diversity, a measure of gut microbial community composition, was statistically significantly associated with all measures of cognitive function. Several specific genera were also significantly associated with 1 or more measures of cognitive function after adjustment for multiple comparisons.
Results from EDIFICE : A French pilot study on COVID-19 and the gut microbiome in a hospital environment
ACL Servino et al, MEDRXI, February 8, 2022
(Posted: Feb 08, 2022 7AM)
Rare transmission of commensal and pathogenic bacteria in the gut microbiome of hospitalized adults
BA Siranosian et al, Nat Comms, January 31, 2022
(Posted: Jan 31, 2022 9AM)
Bacterial bloodstream infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality among patients undergoing hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Although previous research has demonstrated that pathogens may translocate from the gut microbiome into the bloodstream to cause infections, the mechanisms by which HCT patients acquire pathogens in their microbiome have not yet been described. Here, we use linked-read and short-read metagenomic sequencing to analyze 401 stool samples collected from 149 adults undergoing HCT and hospitalized in the same unit over three years, many of whom were roommates. We use metagenomic assembly and strain-specific comparison methods to search for high-identity bacterial strains, which may indicate transmission between the gut microbiomes of patients.
Understanding microbiome alterations in autism
K O'Leary, Nature Medicine, January 2022
(Posted: Jan 27, 2022 10AM)
Studies have suggested that alterations in the gut microbiome may be involved in the development of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but data are inconsistent and a definitive causal role has not been established. A new study found negligible evidence for a direct association between the gut microbiome and diagnosis of autism, or autism-associated behaviors. In contrast, they found that microbiome composition was strongly associated with diet, age and stool consistency. Many people with ASD have restricted diets due to ASD-associated food selectivity — therefore, a lack of dietary diversity may in turn limit microbial diversity and stool consistency.
NIH awards $170 million for precision nutrition study
NIH, January 20, 2022
(Posted: Jan 21, 2022 7AM)
A major challenge in precision nutrition is the inability to combine the many factors that affect how individuals respond to diet into a personalized nutrition regimen. These potential factors include the microbiome—the community of microbes that live in our gut—metabolism, nutritional status, genetics, and the environment. The way these factors interact to affect health are still poorly understood. To address these gaps, NPH will collect new data on multiple potential predictive factors and combine it with existing data in the All of Us database to develop a more complete picture of how individuals respond to different foods or dietary routines.
SER-109, an Oral Microbiome Therapy for Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection
P Feurstadt et al, NEJM, January 19, 2022
(Posted: Jan 19, 2022 7PM)
We conducted a phase 3, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in which patients who had had three or more episodes of C. difficile infection (inclusive of the qualifying acute episode) received SER-109 or placebo (four capsules daily for 3 days) after standard-of-care antibiotic treatment. Among the 281 patients screened, 182 were enrolled. The percentage of patients with recurrence of C. difficile infection was 12% in the SER-109 group and 40% in the placebo group (relative risk, 0.32; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.18 to 0.58; P<0.001 for a relative risk of <1.0; P<0.001 for a relative risk of <0.833).
Maternal and early life exposures and their potential to influence development of the microbiome
EE Bolte et al, Genome Medicine, January 11, 2022
(Posted: Jan 11, 2022 8AM)
Studies suggest that modifications to our metagenome and/or microbiome occur following certain environmental exposures during pregnancy and lactation, which in turn render risk of childhood and adult diseases. In this review, we will consider the evidence suggesting that development of the offspring microbiome may be vulnerable to maternal exposures, including an analysis of the data regarding the presence or absence of a low-biomass intrauterine microbiome.
Mendelian randomization analyses support causal relationships between blood metabolites and the gut microbiome
X Liu et al, Nature Genetics, January 3, 2022
(Posted: Jan 03, 2022 2PM)
Mendelian randomization analyses on 3,432 Chinese individuals with whole-genome, whole-metagenome, anthropometric and blood metabolic trait data. We identified 58 causal relationships between the gut microbiome and blood metabolites, and replicated 43 of them. Increased relative abundances of fecal Oscillibacter and Alistipes were causally linked to decreased triglyceride concentration. Conversely, blood metabolites such as glutamic acid appeared to decrease fecal Oxalobacter, and members of Proteobacteria were influenced by metabolites such as 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid, alanine, glutamate and selenium.
Population study of the gut microbiome: associations with diet, lifestyle, and cardiometabolic disease
RL Walker et al, Genome Medicine, December 2021
(Posted: Dec 20, 2021 9AM)
We demonstrate that overall microbial diversity decreases with increasing 10-year CVD risk and body mass index measures. We link lifestyle factors, especially diet and exercise, to microbial diversity. Our association analyses reveal both known and unreported microbial associations with CVD and diabetes, related prescription medications, as well as many anthropometric and blood test measurements.
The lost microbes of COVID-19: Bifidobacteria depletion and decreased microbiome diversity are a predictability marker of severe COVID 19, a cross sectional study
S Hazan et al, MEDRXIV, December 12, 2021
(Posted: Dec 13, 2021 6AM)
Reporting guidelines for human microbiome research: the STORMS checklist
C Mirzayi et al, Nature Medicine, November 17, 2021
(Posted: Nov 18, 2021 5AM)
A multidisciplinary group of microbiome epidemiology researchers adapted guidelines for observational and genetic studies to culture-independent human microbiome studies, and also developed new reporting elements for laboratory, bioinformatics and statistical analyses tailored to microbiome studies. The resulting tool, called ‘Strengthening The Organization and Reporting of Microbiome Studies’ (STORMS), is composed of a 17-item checklist organized into six sections that correspond to the typical sections of a scientific publication, presented as an editable table for inclusion in supplementary materials.
Nanopore 16S rRNA sequencing reveals alterations in nasopharyngeal microbiome and enrichment of Mycobacterium and Mycoplasma in patients with COVID 19
P Prasad et al, MEDRXIV, November 10, 2021
(Posted: Nov 11, 2021 11AM)
The maternal microbiome: another bridge linking mothers and infants
Ebiomedicine editorial, September 30, 2021,
(Posted: Oct 01, 2021 7AM)
A total of 10–100 trillion microbes live symbiotically within each human host and are thought to affect our physical and mental health. The health effects are thought to begin as early as the gestational period. Research shows that maternal gut microbes may have both direct and indirect effects during pregnancy.
Effect of Probiotics on Incident Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Critically Ill Patients- A Randomized Clinical Trial
J Johnstone et al, JAMA Network Open, September 21, 2021
(Posted: Sep 22, 2021 9AM)
In this randomized trial involving 2650 patients, no significant difference in VAP incidence was found among patients treated with probiotics compared with placebo (21.9% vs 21.3%, respectively; hazard ratio 1.03; 95% CI 0.87-1.22). These findings do not support the use of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG for prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia in critically ill patients requiring mechanical ventilation.
Perturbations in Gut Microbiota Composition in Psychiatric Disorders: A Review and Meta-analysis.
Nikolova Viktoriya L et al. JAMA psychiatry 2021 9
(Posted: Sep 18, 2021 11AM)
This systematic review and meta-analysis found that gut microbiota perturbations were associated with a transdiagnostic pattern with a depletion of certain anti-inflammatory butyrate-producing bacteria and an enrichment of pro-inflammatory bacteria in patients with depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and anxiety.
The missing microbes: Bifidobacterium and Faecalibacterium depletion and loss of microbiome diversity as potential susceptibility markers for SARS-CoV-2 infection and severity
S Hazan et al, MEDRXIV, September 7, 2021
(Posted: Sep 08, 2021 8AM)
How microbiota improve immunotherapy
E Ansaldo et al, Science, August 27, 2021
(Posted: Aug 27, 2021 7AM)
Understanding the mechanism of action of the microbiota in improving responses to immune checkpoint therapy is key for our ability to therapeutically harness them for targeted adjuvant therapies. Optimal responses to immune checkpoint therapy are likely to involve numerous non–mutually exclusive and synergistic effects of the microbiota.
CDC Supports Microbiome Science to Advance Infection Prevention, Clinical Care, and Public Health
M Haile et al, CDC Blog, June 25, 2021
(Posted: Aug 23, 2021 7AM)
Infectious disease experts at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) recently co-edited a special issue of the Journal of Infectious Diseases (JID) featuring 16 review articles on innovative research of the human microbiome, which is the community of naturally occurring microorganisms in and on our bodies. This work represents ongoing engagement and financial support from CDC’s Antibiotic Resistance (AR) Solutions Initiative to leverage the microbiome for new ways to prevent antibiotic-resistant infections.
Genome-Scale Metabolic Modeling of the Human Microbiome in the Era of Personalized Medicine.
Heinken Almut et al. Annual review of microbiology 2021
(Posted: Jul 30, 2021 9AM)
Gut microbiome dysbiosis during COVID-19 is associated with increased risk for bacteremia and microbial translocation.
M Venzon et al, BIORXIV, July 15, 2021
(Posted: Jul 16, 2021 7AM)
Unlocking the ‘gut microbiome’ – and its massive significance to our health
R Seal, The Guardian, July 12, 2021
(Posted: Jul 12, 2021 11AM)
“Everything we’re doing now is scratching the surface. We are maybe 10% of the way there, because every week, we’re discovering something new. Humans want an easy answer [to improve our gut health], but you shouldn’t take anyone seriously who doesn’t say it’s complicated.”
Fecal microbial transplantation and fiber supplementation in patients with severe obesity and metabolic syndrome: a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial
V Munacu et al, Nature Medicine, July 5, 2021
(Posted: Jul 06, 2021 8AM)
We performed a double-blind randomized trial in patients with severe obesity and metabolic syndrome receiving oral FMT, to test high-fermentable (HF) and low-fermentable (LF) fiber supplements (NCT03477916). Seventy participants were randomized to the FMT-HF (n?=?17), FMT-LF (n?=?17), HF (n?=?17) and LF (n?=?19) groups. The primary outcome was the assessment of change in insulin sensitivity from baseline to 6?weeks.
Characteristics of Early-Onset vs Late-Onset Colorectal Cancer: A Review.
et al. JAMA surgery 2021 7
(Posted: Jul 01, 2021 7AM)
Within the next decade, it is estimated that 1 in 10 colon cancers and 1 in 4 rectal cancers will be diagnosed in adults younger than 50 years. Potential risk factors include a Westernized diet, obesity, antibiotic usage, and alterations in the gut microbiome. Although genetic predisposition plays a role, most cases are sporadic. The full spectrum of germline and somatic sequence variations implicated remains unknown
Role of the intestinal microbiome and microbial-derived metabolites in immune checkpoint blockade immunotherapy of cancer
E Hayase et al, Genome Medicine, June 26, 2021
(Posted: Jun 27, 2021 7AM)
Evidence has emerged that the intestinal microbiome can modulate outcomes to ICI therapies via two major mechanisms, including those that are antigen-specific and those that are antigen-independent. Antigen-specific mechanisms occur when epitopes are shared between microbial and tumor antigens that could enhance, or, alternatively, reduce anti-tumor immune responses via cross-reactive adaptive immune cells.
Maternal prenatal gut microbiota composition predicts child behaviour
SL Dawson et al, Ebiomedicine, June 4, 2021
(Posted: Jun 06, 2021 7AM)
We found evidence that the alpha diversity of the maternal fecal microbiota during the third trimester of pregnancy predicts child internalizing behavior at two years of age (-2·74, (-4·71, -0·78), p = 0·01 (Wald test), R2=0·07).
Host specificity of the gut microbiome.
Mallott Elizabeth K et al. Nature reviews. Microbiology 2021 5
(Posted: May 30, 2021 10AM)
Catch me if you can: Superspreading of SARS-CoV-2
SS Lakdawala et al, Trends in Microbiology, May 11, 2021
(Posted: May 12, 2021 8AM)
Super spreading is the main driver of transmission for the majority of pandemic coronaviruses cases. The virus genetic sequence, severity of disease, and host conditions like age, sex, and co-morbidities are not linked to super spreading. The donor modification of the virion or the donor microbiome may play a potential role in super spreading. Physical constraints and environmental factors may also contribute to super spreading phenomena.
Translating the human microbiome: a path to improving health
RJ Xavier et al, Genome Medicine, May 5, 2021
(Posted: May 06, 2021 0PM)
New studies are charting community-wide ecological maps that provide insight into microbial determinants of health and disease, layering in impacts of the microbiome at different life stages. Although much is known about early microbiome development, trajectories during aging and later in life require further characterization.
To treat malnutrition, feed the microbiota- Feeding the gut microbiota aids growth in undernourished children.
A Farrell, Nature Medicine, April 19, 2021
(Posted: Apr 21, 2021 7AM)
Microbiota-based markers predictive of development of Clostridioides difficile infection
M Berkell et al, Nature Medicine, April 14, 2021
(Posted: Apr 15, 2021 8AM)
We analyze the intestinal microbiota of hospitalized patients at increased C. difficile infection risk in a prospective, 90-day cohort-study before and after antibiotic treatment and at diarrhea onset. We show that patients developing CDI already exhibit significantly lower diversity before antibiotic treatment and a distinct microbiota enriched in Enterococcus.
Microbiome research in general and business newspapers: How many microbiome articles are published and which study designs make the news the most?
Prados-Bo Andreu et al. PloS one 2021 4 (4) e0249835
(Posted: Apr 14, 2021 6AM)
Both media outlet types tended to over-report observational studies in humans while under-reporting environmental studies, while the representation of systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials, randomized controlled trials and animal/laboratory studies was similar when comparing newspapers and PubMed. The microbiome is receiving increasing attention in academic journals and newspapers.
A Microbiota-Directed Food Intervention for Undernourished Children.
Chen Robert Y et al. The New England journal of medicine 2021 4
(Posted: Apr 08, 2021 7AM)
In this study, we provided a microbiota-directed complementary food prototype (MDCF-2) or a ready-to-use supplementary food (RUSF) to 123 slum-dwelling Bangladeshi children with moderate acute malnutrition between the ages of 12 months and 18 months. The rates of change in the weight-for-length and weight-for-age z scores are consistent with a benefit of MDCF-2 on growth over the course of the study, including the 1-month follow-up.
Signatures of COVID-19 severity and immune response in the respiratory tract microbiome
C Merenstein et al, MEDRXIV< April 5, 2021
(Posted: Apr 06, 2021 11PM)
A framework for microbiome science in public health
JE Wilkinson et al, Nature Medicine, April 5, 2021
(Posted: Apr 05, 2021 1PM)
Human microbiome science has advanced rapidly and reached a scale at which basic biology, clinical translation and population health are increasingly integrated. It is thus now possible for public health researchers, practitioners and policymakers to take specific action leveraging current and future microbiome-based opportunities and best practices. Here we provide an outline of considerations for research, education, and scientific communication.
Targeting the Microbiome With KB109 in Outpatients with Mild to Moderate COVID-19 Reduced Medically Attended Acute Care Visits and Improved Symptom Duration in Patients With Comorbidities
JP Haran et al, MEDRXIV, March 29, 2021
(Posted: Mar 31, 2021 7AM)
Age-related changes in the upper respiratory microbiome are associated with SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and illness severity
JH Hurst et al, MEDRXIV, March 23, 2021
(Posted: Mar 24, 2021 8AM)
The relationship between gastrointestinal cancers and the microbiota.
LaCourse Kaitlyn D et al. The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology 2021 3
(Posted: Mar 21, 2021 7AM)
We highlight emerging research that seeks to identify microbial signatures as biomarkers for various gastrointestinal cancers, and discuss how we could harness knowledge of the microbiome to detect, prevent, and treat these cancers
Multi-omics analyses reveal relationships among dairy consumption, gut microbiota and cardiometabolic health
M Shuai et al, Ebiomedicine, March 2021,
(Posted: Mar 21, 2021 7AM)
Dairy consumption is associated with the gut microbial composition and a higher a-diversity, which provides new insights into the understanding of dairy-gut microbiota interactions and their relationship with cardiometabolic health.
