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Last Posted: Apr 09, 2024
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Deep learning models across the range of skin disease.
Kaushik P Venkatesh et al. NPJ Digit Med 2024 2 (1) 32

From the abstract: "We explore the evolving landscape of diagnostic artificial intelligence (AI) in dermatology, particularly focusing on deep learning models for a wide array of skin diseases beyond skin cancer. We critically analyze the current state of AI in dermatology, its potential in enhancing diagnostic accuracy, and the challenges it faces in terms of bias, applicability, and therapeutic recommendations. "

AI-based skin cancer detection: the balance between access and overutilization
KP Venkatesh et al, NPJ Digital Medicine, August 15, 2023

A recent study evaluated the healthcare implications and costs of an AI-enabled mobile health app for skin cancer detection, involving 18,960 beneficiaries of a Netherlands insurer. They report a 32% increase in claims for premalignant and malignant skin lesions among app users, largely attributed to benign skin lesions and leading to higher annual costs for app users (€64.97) compared to controls (€43.09). Cost-effectiveness analysis showed a comparable cost to dermatologist-based diagnosis alone. This editorial emphasizes the balance in AI-based dermatology between increased access and increased false positives resulting in overutilization.

Somatic mutations in facial skin from countries of contrasting skin cancer risk.
Charlotte King et al. Nat Genet 2023 8

The incidence of keratinocyte cancer (basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas of the skin) is 17-fold lower in Singapore than the UK, despite Singapore receiving 2–3 times more ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Aging skin contains somatic mutant clones from which such cancers develop. We hypothesized that differences in keratinocyte cancer incidence may be reflected in the normal skin mutational landscape. Here we show that, compared to Singapore, aging facial skin from populations in the UK has a fourfold greater mutational burden, a predominant UV mutational signature, increased copy number aberrations and increased mutant TP53 selection.

Squamous-Cell Carcinoma of the Skin
A Wysong, NEJM, June 21, 2023

Genetic factors play a role in the development of cutaneous squamous-cell carcinoma. Inherited phenotypic characteristics — such as light skin, red or blonde hair, and light-colored eyes — are associated with an increased risk of cutaneous squamous-cell carcinoma. A family history of cutaneous squamous-cell carcinoma is associated with a risk that is two to four times that in persons without a family history. Inherited disorders such as xeroderma pigmentosum also increase the risk of cutaneous squamous-cell carcinoma, often with an earlier age at onset.

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Disclaimer: Articles listed in the Public Health Genomics and Precision Health Knowledge Base are selected by the CDC Office of Public Health Genomics to provide current awareness of the literature and news. Inclusion in the update does not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention nor does it imply endorsement of the article's methods or findings. CDC and DHHS assume no responsibility for the factual accuracy of the items presented. The selection, omission, or content of items does not imply any endorsement or other position taken by CDC or DHHS. Opinion, findings and conclusions expressed by the original authors of items included in the update, or persons quoted therein, are strictly their own and are in no way meant to represent the opinion or views of CDC or DHHS. References to publications, news sources, and non-CDC Websites are provided solely for informational purposes and do not imply endorsement by CDC or DHHS.

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