Last data update: Jun 03, 2024. (Total: 46935 publications since 2009)
Records 1-3 (of 3 Records) |
Query Trace: de Barros RB [original query] |
---|
Adverse childhood experiences, HIV and sexual risk behaviors - Five sub-Saharan countries, 2018-2020
Kanagasabai U , Thorsen V , Zhu L , Annor FB , Chiang L , McOwen J , Augusto A , Manuel P , Kambona C , Coomer R , Kamagate F , Ramphalla P , Denhard L , Cain M , Hegle J , de Barros RB , Saenz S , Kamami M , Patel P . Child Abuse Negl 2023 106541 BACKGROUND: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been shown to have negative, lasting effects on health including increasing the likelihood of engaging in sexual risk behaviors. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to identify associations between exposures to ACEs and sexual risk behaviors and HIV service utilization among young people. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING: A sample of 8023 sexually active young people (19-24 year olds) from five sub-Saharan African countries participated Violence Against Children and Youth Surveys (VACS). METHODS: Descriptive analysis of demographic variables, individual ACEs, cumulative ACEs, sexual risk behaviors, HIV testing, antiretroviral treatment (ART) and Antenatal Care (ANC) attendance were completed. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the associations between both individual and cumulative ACEs, sexual HIV risk behaviors, and service utilization while controlling for important covariates such as demographic, having ever been pregnant, had an STI, and used contraception. RESULTS: Exposure to three or more ACEs was higher among males (26.1 %) compared to females (21.3 %); p = 0.003. The most prominent sexual risk behavior for females was having sexual partners who were at least 5 years older (45.7 % compared to males 3.7 %; p < 0.0001) whereas in males it was no or infrequent condom use (45.3 % compared to females 30.1 %; p < 0.0001). Males and females exposed to childhood sexual violence had seven and four times the odds of engaging in transactional sex (aOR = 7.34, 95 % CI: [3.5-15.0]) and (aOR =3.75, 95 % CI: [2.3-6.2], respectively. Females exposed to three or more ACEs were four times more likely to engage in transactional sex (aOR = 4.85, 95 %, CI: [1.6-14.4]) compared to those who did not experience any ACEs. Males exposed to three or more ACEs were two times more likely to engage in early sexual debut (aOR = 2.2, 95 % CI: [1.3-3.4]),]) compared to those who did not experience any ACEs. Females who had witnessed IPV or violence in the community had significantly higher odds of getting tested for HIV (aOR = 2.16, 95 % CI: [1.63-2.87]) and (aOR = 1.36, 95 % CI: [1.03-1.81]), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that experiencing ACEs during childhood is associated with higher HIV risk behaviors in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) with unique differences between males and females. |
How the Global Violence Against Children and Youth surveys help improve pediatric global health
Agathis NT , Annor FB , Mercy J , Chiang L , de Barros RB , Massetti GM . Pediatrics 2022 150 (5) Violence against children is a prevalent, impactful, yet preventable global public health problem. At least half of all children in the world experience violence (physical, sexual, or emotional) every year.1 Aside from its ethical implications and the immediate physical and emotional harm it causes, childhood violence is strongly associated with poor short- and long-term health: increased odds of mental health problems, noncommunicable diseases, sexual and reproductive health problems, health risk behaviors, and experiencing and perpetrating violence in adulthood.2 Childhood violence is also associated with increased risk of HIV acquisition and reduced odds of engagement in HIV clinical prevention services, testing, treatment, and care among youth in high HIV-incidence settings.3–5 |
The Science of Scale for Violence Prevention: A New Agenda for Family Strengthening in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Shenderovich Y , Lachman JM , Ward CL , Wessels I , Gardner F , Tomlinson M , Oliver D , Janowski R , Martin M , Okop K , Sacolo-Gwebu H , Ngcobo LL , Fang Z , Alampay L , Baban A , Baumann AA , de Barros RB , Bojo S , Butchart A , Dippenaar W , Exavery A , Fang X , Ferdinandi I , Foran HM , Heinrichs N , Hutchings J , Kisyombe D , Massetti G , Mazak J , Mbuyi H , Singh P , Polsky K , Rakotomalala S , Raleva M , Savo R , Cluver L . Front Public Health 2021 9 581440 Ending all violence against children by 2030 is a core part of Sustainable Development Goals 5 and 16. A number of promising violence reduction strategies have been identified in research studies. However, we lack an understanding of the implementation and impact of these programs in respect to their delivery at a large scale or within existing service systems, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We advocate for greater collaboration between researchers, policymakers, donors, governments, non-governmental organizations, and program managers and staff to study how violence prevention programs operate on a large scale. We describe a new initiative aiming to foster such collaborations in the field of family strengthening programs. |
- Page last reviewed:Feb 1, 2024
- Page last updated:Jun 03, 2024
- Content source:
- Powered by CDC PHGKB Infrastructure