Last data update: Jan 27, 2025. (Total: 48650 publications since 2009)
Records 1-5 (of 5 Records) |
Query Trace: Whitman H[original query] |
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HIV acquisition and transmission among men who have sex with men and women: What we know and how to prevent it
McCree DH , Oster AM , Jeffries WLth , Denson DJ , Lima AC , Whitman H , Ivy W , Henny KD . Prev Med 2017 100 132-134 Men who have sex with men and women (MSMW) compose a subset of men who have sex with men (MSM) and represent an estimated 35% of MSM. Research on the HIV risk behaviors of MSMW has largely focused on their behaviors in comparison to men who have sex with men only (MSMO). Results suggest that compared to MSMO, MSMW are less likely to have ever had an HIV test, are at greater risk of being unaware of their HIV infection and are less likely to have encountered HIV prevention activities or materials. Additional research is needed to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the unique sexual behaviors and lived experience of MSMW as a group in order to better inform HIV prevention efforts. The purpose of this paper is to summarize existing data and discuss strategies to reduce HIV acquisition and transmission among MSMW. |
A large-scale, rapid public health response to rabies in an organ recipient and the previously undiagnosed organ donor
Wallace RM , Stanek D , Griese S , Krulak D , Vora NM , Pacha L , Kan V , Said M , Williams C , Burgess TH , Clausen SS , Austin C , Gabel J , Lehman M , Finelli LN , Selvaggi G , Joyce P , Gordin F , Benator D , Bettano A , Cersovsky S , Blackmore C , Jones SV , Buchanan BD , Fernandez AI , Dinelli D , Agnes K , Clark A , Gill J , Irmler M , Blythe D , Mitchell K , Whitman TJ , Zapor MJ , Zorich S , Witkop C , Jenkins P , Mora P , Droller D , Turner S , Dunn L , Williams P , Richards C , Ewing G , Chapman K , Corbitt C , Girimont T , Franka R , Recuenco S , Blanton JD , Feldman KA . Zoonoses Public Health 2014 61 (8) 560-70 This article describes and contrasts the public health response to two human rabies cases: one organ recipient diagnosed within days of symptom onset and the transplant donor who was diagnosed 18 months post-symptom onset. In response to an organ-transplant-related rabies case diagnosed in 2013, organ donor and recipient investigations were conducted by multiple public health agencies. Persons with potential exposure to infectious patient materials were assessed for rabies virus exposure. An exposure investigation was conducted to determine the source of the organ donor's infection. Over 100 persons from more than 20 agencies spent over 2700 h conducting contact investigations in healthcare, military and community settings. The 564 persons assessed include 417 healthcare workers [5.8% recommended for post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP)], 96 community contacts (15.6% recommended for PEP), 30 autopsy personnel (50% recommended for PEP), and 21 other persons (4.8% recommended for PEP). Donor contacts represented 188 assessed with 20.2% recommended for PEP, compared with 5.6% of 306 recipient contacts recommended for PEP. Human rabies cases result in substantial use of public health and medical resources, especially when diagnosis is delayed. Although rare, clinicians should consider rabies in cases of encephalitis of unexplained aetiology, particularly for cases that may result in organ donation. |
Assessing the performance of various restraints on ambulance patient compartment workers during crash events
Green JD , Yannaccone JR , Current RS , Sicher LA , Moore PH , Whitman GR . Int J Crashworthiness 2010 15 (5) 517 - 541 The inability of emergency medical service (EMS) workers to remain safely restrained while treating patients in the patient compartment of a moving ambulance has been identified as a key impediment to EMS worker safety in North America. It has been hypothesised that restraint systems designed to provide mobility while offering the ability to lock during an impact or sudden manoeuvre, could greatly enhance worker safety in the back of ambulances. Through a series of 33 sled and crash tests impacting the front, side, and rear of simulated and actual ambulance patient compartments, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health examined the biomechanical and kinematic effects of two-, four- and five-point restraints on 95th percentile male Hybrid III anthropomorphic test devices. Results indicate that the inclusion of restraint systems offering mobility have the potential to improve worker safety under many working conditions in this unique work environment. |
An outbreak of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in U.S. Marines deployed to Liberia
Whitman TJ , Coyne PE , Magill AJ , Blazes DL , Green MD , Milhous WK , Burgess TH , Freilich D , Tasker SA , Azar RG , Endy TP , Clagett CD , Deye GA , Shanks GD , Martin GJ . Am J Trop Med Hyg 2010 83 (2) 258-265 In 2003, 44 U.S. Marines were evacuated from Liberia with either confirmed or presumed Plasmodium falciparum malaria. An outbreak investigation showed that only 19 (45%) used insect repellent, 5 (12%) used permethrin-treated clothing, and none used bed netting. Adherence with weekly mefloquine (MQ) was reported by 23 (55%). However, only 4 (10%) had serum MQ levels high enough to correlate with protection (> 794 ng/mL), and 9 (22%) had evidence of steady-state kinetics (MQ carboxy metabolite/MQ > 3.79). Tablets collected from Marines met USP identity and dissolution specifications for MQ. Testing failed to identify P. falciparum isolates with MQ resistance. This outbreak resulted from under use of personal protective measures and inadequate adherence with chemophrophylaxis. It is essential that all international travelers make malaria prevention measures a priority, especially when embarking to regions of the world with high transmission intensity such as west Africa."Good doctors are of no use without good discipline. More than half the battle against disease is not fought by doctors, but by regimental officers. It is they who see that the daily dose of mepacrine (anti-malarial chemoprophylactic drug used in WW II) is taken...if mepacrine was not taken, I sacked the commander. I only had to sack three; by then the rest had got my meaning." -Lieutenant General William Slim (1891-1970), Burma Campaign, 1943. |
Difficulties in the diagnosis and management of a US servicemember presenting with possible chronic Q fever
Ake JA , Massung RF , Whitman TJ , Gleeson TD . J Infect 2010 60 (2) 175-7 A 34 year old corpsman developed acute Q fever upon return from Iraq. Subsequent testing demonstrated trace mitral regurgitation and widely discrepant serologic testing results between commercial and reference laboratories. We discuss the dilemma of isolated minor echocardiographic abnormalities and propose caution in the interpretation of Q fever serologic tests. |
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