Last data update: Jul 01, 2024. (Total: 47134 publications since 2009)
Records 1-2 (of 2 Records) |
Query Trace: Tsang VCW [original query] |
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Clustering of necropsy-confirmed porcine cysticercosis surrounding Taenia solium tapeworm carriers in Peru
Lescano AG , Pray IW , Gonzalez AE , Gilman RH , Tsang VCW , Gamboa R , Guezala MC , Aybar V , Rodriguez S , Moulton LH , Leontsini E , Gonzalvez G , O'Neal SE , Garcia HH . Am J Trop Med Hyg 2018 100 (2) 314-322 The pork tapeworm, Taenia solium, is among the leading causes of preventable epilepsy in the world and is common in rural areas of developing countries where sanitation is limited and pigs have access to human feces. Prior studies in rural villages of Peru have observed clusters of T. solium cysticercosis among pigs that live near human tapeworm carriers. Such spatial analyses, however, have been limited by incomplete participation and substandard diagnostic tests. In this study, we evaluated the association between necropsy-confirmed cysticercosis in pigs and their distance to T. solium tapeworm carriers in six villages in northern Peru. A total of six (1.4%) tapeworm carriers were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-coproantigen assay, and seven of 10 (70%) pigs belonging to the tapeworm carriers were found with viable cyst infection on necropsy. This was significantly greater than the prevalence of viable cyst infection among pigs living < 500 m (11%) and > 500 m (0.5%) from a tapeworm carrier (P < 0.001 for distance trend). Similar statistically significant prevalence gradients were observed after adjustment for possible confounders and for other pig-level outcomes including infection with > 10 viable cysts, degenerated cyst infection, and serological outcomes. This investigation confirms that porcine cysticercosis clusters strongly around tapeworm carriers in endemic rural regions of northern Peru and supports interventions that target these hot spots. |
Antibody banding patterns of the Enzyme-linked Immunoelectrotransfer Blot (EITB) and brain imaging findings in patients with neurocysticercosis
Arroyo G , Rodriguez S , Lescano AG , Alroy K , Bustos JA , Santivanez S , Gonzales I , Saavedra H , Pretell EJ , Gonzalez AE , Gilman RH , Tsang VCW , Garcia HH . Clin Infect Dis 2017 66 (2) 282-288 Background: The enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot (EITB) assay is the reference serological test for neurocysticercosis (NCC). A positive result on EITB does not always correlate with the presence of active infections in the central nervous system (CNS), and patients with a single viable brain cyst may be EITB negative. Nonetheless, EITB antibody banding patterns appears to be related with the expression of three protein families of Taenia solium, and in turn with the characteristics of NCC in the CNS (type, stage and burden of viable cysts). Methods: We evaluated EITB antibody banding patterns and brain imaging findings of 548 NCC cases. Similar banding patterns were grouped into homogeneous classes using latent class analysis. The association between classes and brain imaging findings was assessed. Results: Four classes were identified. Class 1 (patients negative or only positive to the GP50 band, related to the protein family of the same name) was associated with non-viable or single viable parenchymal cysticerci; class 2 (patients positive to bands GP42-39 and GP24, related to the T24-42 protein family, with or without anti-GP50 antibodies) was associated with intraparenchymal viable and non-viable infections; classes 3 and 4 (positive to GP50, GP42-39 and GP24 but also responding to low molecular weight bands GP21, GP18, GP14 and GP13, related to the 8kDa protein family) were associated with extraparenchymal and intraparenchymal multiple viable cysticerci. Conclusions/significance: EITB antibody banding patterns correlate with brain imaging findings and complement imaging information for the diagnosis of NCC and for staging NCC patients. |
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