Last data update: Jun 03, 2024. (Total: 46935 publications since 2009)
Records 1-6 (of 6 Records) |
Query Trace: Tejada-Vera B [original query] |
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Differential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on excess mortality and life expectancy loss within the Hispanic population (preprint)
Arias E , Tejada-Vera B . medRxiv 2023 07 Background The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Hispanic population resulted in the almost complete elimination of the longstanding Hispanic mortality advantage relative to the non-Hispanic White population. However, it is unknown how COVID-19 mortality affected the diverse Hispanic sub-populations. Objective We estimate life expectancy at birth in 2019 and 2020 by Hispanic sub-group and explore how changes in age-specific all-cause and COVID-19 mortality affected changes in life expectancy between 2019 and 2020 for each group. Methods We use final 2019 and 2020 mortality data from the National Center for Health Statistics and population estimates based on the 2019 and 2020 American Community Survey. We calculate life tables and apply decomposition techniques to explore the effects of changes in age- and cause-specific mortality on life expectancy. Results Patterns of age- and cause-specific excess deaths and their impact on declines in life expectancy due to the COVID-19 pandemic differed substantially by Hispanic sub-group. Life expectancy losses ranged from 0.6 to 6.7 years among males and 0.6 to 3.6 years among females. Conclusions Our findings highlight the heterogeneous impact of the COVID-19 pandemic within the Hispanic population. Contributions Our findings contribute new information that will assist future research identify the causes of the disproportionately severe impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Hispanic population. Our study underscores the importance of population disaggregation in endeavors to identify the multiple pathways by which the pandemic affected the Hispanic population. Copyright The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. |
Differential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on excess mortality and life expectancy loss within the Hispanic population
Arias E , Tejada-Vera B . Demogr Res 2023 48 (12) 339-352 BACKGROUND The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Hispanic population resulted in the almost complete elimination of the long-standing Hispanic mortality advantage relative to the non-Hispanic White population. However, it is unknown how COVID-19 mortality affected the diverse Hispanic subpopulations. OBJECTIVE We estimate life expectancy at birth in 2019 and 2020 by select Hispanic country/region of origin and explore how changes in age-specific all-cause and COVID-19 mortality affected changes in life expectancy between 2019 and 2020 for each group. METHODS We use final 2019 and 2020 mortality data from the National Center for Health Statistics and population estimates based on the 2019 and 2020 American Community Survey. We calculate life tables and apply decomposition techniques to explore the effects of changes in age and cause-specific mortality on life expectancy. RESULTS Patterns of age and cause-specific excess deaths and their impact on declines in life expectancy due to the COVID-19 pandemic differed substantially by Hispanic subgroup. Life expectancy losses ranged from 0.6 to 6.7 years among males and from 0.6 to 3.6 years among females. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight the heterogeneous impact of the COVID-19 pandemic within the Hispanic population. © 2023,Demographic Research. All Rights Reserved. |
Estimating and Characterizing COVID-19 Deaths, Puerto Rico, March-July 2020.
Azofeifa A , Valencia D , Rodriguez CJ , Cruz M , Hayes D , Montañez-Báez E , Tejada-Vera B , Villafañe-Delgado JE , Cabrera JJ , Valencia-Prado M . Public Health Rep 2021 136 (3) 354-360 OBJECTIVES: Using the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) classification guidelines, we characterized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated confirmed and probable deaths in Puerto Rico during March-July 2020. We also estimated the total number of possible deaths due to COVID-19 in Puerto Rico during the same period. METHODS: We described data on COVID-19-associated mortality, in which the lower bound was the sum of confirmed and probable COVID-19 deaths and the upper bound was excess mortality, estimated as the difference between observed deaths and average expected deaths. We obtained data from the Puerto Rico Department of Health COVID-19 Mortality Surveillance System, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Electronic Disease Surveillance System Base System, and the National Center for Health Statistics. RESULTS: During March-July 2020, 225 COVID-19-associated deaths were identified in Puerto Rico (119 confirmed deaths and 106 probable deaths). The median age of decedents was 73 (interquartile range, 59-83); 60 (26.7%) deaths occurred in the Metropolitana region, and 140 (62.2%) deaths occurred among men. Of the 225 decedents, 180 (83.6%) had been hospitalized and 93 (41.3%) had required mechanical ventilation. Influenza and pneumonia (48.0%), sepsis (28.9%), and respiratory failure (27.1%) were the most common conditions contributing to COVID-19 deaths based on death certificates. Based on excess mortality calculations, as many as 638 COVID-19-associated deaths could have occurred during the study period, up to 413 more COVID-19-associated deaths than originally reported. CONCLUSIONS: Including probable deaths per the CSTE guidelines and monitoring all-cause excess mortality can lead to a better estimation of COVID-19-associated deaths and serve as a model to enhance mortality surveillance in other US jurisdictions. |
Tuberculosis surveillance and control, Puerto Rico, 1898-2015
Dirlikov E , Thomas D , Yost D , Tejada-Vera B , Bermudez M , Joglar O , Chorba T . Emerg Infect Dis 2019 25 (3) 538-546 The World Health Organization recognizes Puerto Rico as an area of low tuberculosis (TB) incidence, where TB elimination is possible by 2035. To describe the current low incidence of reported cases, provide key lessons learned, and detect areas that may affect progress, we systematically reviewed the literature about the history of TB surveillance and control in Puerto Rico and supplemented this information with additional references and epidemiologic data. We reviewed 3 periods: 1898-1946 (public health efforts before the advent of TB chemotherapy); 1947-1992 (control and surveillance after the introduction of TB chemotherapy); and 1993-2015 (expanded TB control and surveillance). Although sustained surveillance, continued care, and use of newly developed strategies occurred concomitantly with decreased incidence of reported TB cases and mortality rates, factors that may affect progress remain poorly understood and include potential delayed diagnosis and underreporting, the effects of government debt and Hurricane Maria, and poverty. |
Death in the United States, 2007
Minino AM , Xu J , Kochanek KD , Tejada-Vera B . NCHS Data Brief 2009 (26) 1-8 KEY FINDINGS: Data from the National Vital Statistics System, Mortality In 2007, the age-adjusted death rate for the United States reached a record low of 760.3 per 100,000 population. Life expectancy at birth reached a record high of 77.9 years. States in the southeast region have higher death rates than those in other regions of the country. In 2007, the five leading causes of death were heart disease, cancer, stroke, chronic lower respiratory diseases, and accidents. These accounted for over 64 percent of all deaths in the United States. White females have the longest life expectancy (80.7 years), followed by black females (77.0 years). The gap in life expectancy between white persons and black persons declined by 35 percent between 1989 and 2007. The race differential was 4.6 years in 2007. |
Introduction to the special issue on promoting cognitive health in diverse populations of older adults
Anderson L , Logsdon RG , Hochhalter AK , Sharkey JR . Gerontologist 2009 49 S1-2 This special issue of The Gerontologist, “Promoting Cognitive Health in Diverse Populations of Older Adults,” is devoted to cognitive health, a major factor in ensuring quality of life and preserving independence. Cognitive health has been identified as a priority area for aging and public health through national efforts such as the National Institutes of Health's Cognitive and Emotional Health Project (Hendrie et al., 2006) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) Healthy Brain Initiative (Anderson & McConnell, 2007). This increased recognition also aligns with growing awareness of the significant health, social, and economic burden associated with cognitive impairments; rising concerns and fears about potential loss of cognitive functions with age; and increasing demands of family and professional caregivers. As the readers of The Gerontologist are well aware, the U.S. population as a whole is aging at an unprecedented rate, and with that change comes an increasing incidence of cognitive impairments, such as Alzheimer's disease and other dementias (Administration on Aging, 2005). Alzheimer's disease is now the sixth leading cause of death among U.S. adults aged 18 years or older and the fifth leading cause of death among those aged 65 years or older (Heron, Hoyert, Xu, Scott, & Tejada-Vera, 2008). |
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