Last data update: Sep 16, 2024. (Total: 47680 publications since 2009)
Records 1-4 (of 4 Records) |
Query Trace: Tappe J [original query] |
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Characteristics of reported mumps cases in the United States: 2018-2023
Tappe J , Leung J , Mathis AD , Oliver SE , Masters NB . Vaccine 2024 BACKGROUND: This paper highlights recent clinical complications of mumps reported in the United States and summarizes appropriate confirmatory testing for mumps, encouraging vigilance for mumps disease, an endemic vaccine-preventable illness. METHODS: Surveillance data from jurisdictions reporting confirmed and probable cases of mumps in the United States were descriptively analyzed to assess epidemiologic trends from January 1, 2018 - December 31, 2023. Data were reported to the National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System and the Epidemiology and Laboratory Capacity Project O. Cases were classified according to the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists 2011 mumps case definition. RESULTS: From 2018-2023, United States health departments reported 8,006 confirmed and probable mumps cases to the National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System, of which 85.4% occurred during January 1, 2018-April 4, 2020 and 14.6% during April 5, 2020-December 31, 2023. The incidence of mumps was highest among those aged 18-24 years during 2018-2020 (maximum of 4.54 cases per 100,000 persons in 2019), and highest among those aged 1-4 years during 2021-2023 (maximum 0.67 per 100,000 persons in 2023). Incidence among all age groups during 2021-2023 remained below levels during 2018-2020. Fewer than 12% of mumps cases were confirmed during 2021-2023, compared to >50% during 2018-2019. CONCLUSIONS: Although incidence has declined since the COVID-19 pandemic, these surveillance data highlight that mumps remains endemic in the United States. Therefore, maintaining high MMR vaccination coverage is essential to prevent future vaccine-preventable outbreaks and minimize severe complications from infection. |
An update from the National Healthcare Safety Network on hospital antibiotic stewardship programs in the United States, 2014-2021
O'Leary EN , Neuhauser MM , McLees A , Paek M , Tappe J , Srinivasan A . Open Forum Infect Dis 2024 11 (2) ofad684 BACKGROUND: In 2014, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) released the Core Elements of Hospital Antibiotic Stewardship Programs (ASPs) and began monitoring uptake through the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) Annual Hospital Survey. In 2019, CDC updated the Core Elements and in 2022 released the Priorities for Hospital Core Element Implementation. We describe Core Element uptake from 2014 to 2021, provide a snapshot of specific ASP practices in acute care hospitals in 2021, and describe how we plan to monitor stewardship moving forward. METHODS: We used the NHSN Annual Hospital Survey to summarize facility demographics and ASP practices and to monitor uptake of Core Elements. Questions have been updated over time, so not all data could be compared across years. RESULTS: Uptake of all 7 Core Elements increased from 41% in 2014 to 95% in 2021. Uptake of all 6 Priority Elements was 10% in 2021, though 46% of hospitals met 4 or 5 of the possible 6 elements. Antibiotic stewardship was specifically listed in a contract or job description for about 60% of program leaders. The percentage of physician-pharmacist co-led programs rose from 23% to 64%. Seventy-six percent of hospitals reported implementing audit with feedback interventions. CONCLUSIONS: With nearly all acute care hospitals reporting uptake of the 7 Core Elements in 2021, and with more evidence for which ASP practices are most effective, the Priorities for Hospital Core Element Implementation were released in 2022 to help enhance the quality and impact of existing ASPs. |
Reply to Italiano et al
Esposito DH , Rosenthal BM , Slesak G , Tappe D , Fayer R , Bottieau E , Brown C , Grobusch MP , Malvy D , von Sonnenburg F , Sotir MJ , Steiner F , Zanger P , Kozarsky PE . Clin Infect Dis 2014 60 (7) 1135-6 We appreciate Italiano et al’s [1] interest in our article [2] and agree that our case definition, described in our methods as “intentionally specific,” may have excluded some travelers infected with Sarcocystis nesbitti. Nevertheless, we believe that published data from outbreak investigations in Malaysia offer ample evidence that peripheral eosinophilia and myositis are important distinguishing components of human acute muscular sarcocystosis (AMS) [2–8]. It is expected that some patients would not have these findings at any given point in their illness; indeed, our Figure 4 shows subthreshold laboratory values during the late phase of disease [2], a finding corroborated elsewhere [3–6]. We concur that some ill patients will not develop detectable eosinophilia or myositis at all. As in all infectious diseases, variations in the clinical manifestations, laboratory testing results, and the courses of illness should be expected. Such variation may stem from host factors, the infectious load, or the infecting Sarcocystis species [9] or even strain. In this light, performing serial clinical and laboratory investigations seems warranted when evaluating and managing patients with suspected AMS. |
Acute muscular sarcocystosis: an international investigation among ill travelers returning from Tioman Island, Malaysia, 2011 and 2012
Esposito DH , Stich A , Epelboin L , Malvy D , Han PV , Bottieau E , da Silva A , Zanger P , Slesak G , van Genderen PJ , Rosenthal BM , Cramer JP , Visser LG , Munoz J , Drew CP , Goldsmith CS , Steiner F , Wagner N , Grobusch MP , Plier DA , Tappe D , Sotir MJ , Brown C , Brunette GW , Fayer R , von Sonnenburg F , Neumayr A , Kozarsky PE . Clin Infect Dis 2014 59 (10) 1401-10 BACKGROUND: Through two international traveler-focused surveillance networks (GeoSentinel and TropNet), we identified and investigated a large outbreak of acute muscular sarcocystosis (AMS), a rarely-reported zoonosis caused by a protozoan parasite of the genus Sarcocystis, associated with travel to Tioman Island, Malaysia, during 2011-2012. METHODS: Clinicians reporting patients with suspected AMS to GeoSentinel submitted demographic, clinical, itinerary, and exposure data. We defined a probable case as travel to Tioman Island after March 1, 2011, eosinophilia (>5%), clinical or laboratory-supported myositis, and negative trichinellosis serology. Case confirmation required histologic observation of sarcocysts or isolation of Sarcocystis spp. DNA from muscle biopsy. RESULTS: Sixty-eight patients met the case definition; 62 probable and six confirmed. All but two resided in Europe; all were tourists and travelled mostly during the summer months. The most frequent symptoms reported were myalgia (100%), fatigue (91%), fever (82%), headache (59%), and arthralgia (29%); onset clustered during two distinct periods: 'early' during the second and 'late' during the sixth weeks post-departure from the island. Blood eosinophilia and elevated serum creatinine phosphokinase (CPK) levels were observed beginning during the fifth week post-departure. Sarcocystis nesbitti DNA was recovered from one muscle biopsy. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians evaluating travelers returning ill from Malaysia with myalgia, with or without fever, should consider AMS, noting the apparent biphasic aspect of the disease, the later onset of elevated CPK and eosinophilia, and the possibility for relapses. The exact source of infection among travelers to Tioman Island remains unclear but needs to be determined to prevent future illnesses. |
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