Last data update: Sep 16, 2024. (Total: 47680 publications since 2009)
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Query Trace: Siordia C [original query] |
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Emergency medical services encounters for firearm injuries - 858 counties, United States, January 2019-September 2023
Rowh A , Zwald M , Fowler K , Jack S , Siordia C , Walters J . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2024 73 (24) 551-557 Firearm-related deaths and injuries have increased in recent years. Comprehensive and timely information on firearm injuries and the communities and geographic locations most affected by firearm violence is crucial for guiding prevention activities. However, traditional surveillance systems for firearm injury, which are mostly based on hospital encounters and mortality-related data, often lack information on the location where the shooting occurred. This study examined annual and monthly rates of emergency medical services (EMS) encounters for firearm injury per 100,000 total EMS encounters during January 2019-September 2023 in 858 counties in 27 states, by patient characteristics and characteristics of the counties where the injuries occurred. Overall, annual rates of firearm injury EMS encounters per 100,000 total EMS encounters ranged from 222.7 in 2019 to 294.9 in 2020; rates remained above prepandemic levels through 2023. Rates were consistently higher among males than females. Rates stratified by race and ethnicity were highest among non-Hispanic Black or African American persons; rates stratified by age group were highest among persons aged 15-24 years. The greatest percentage increases in annual rates occurred in urban counties and in counties with higher prevalence of severe housing problems, higher income inequality ratios, and higher rates of unemployment. States and communities can use the timely and location-specific data in EMS records to develop and implement comprehensive firearm injury prevention strategies to address the economic, social, and physical conditions that contribute to the risk for violence, including improvements to physical environments, secure firearm storage, and strengthened social and economic supports. |
Firearm storage behaviors - Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, eight states, 2021-2022
Friar NW , Merrill-Francis M , Parker EM , Siordia C , Simon TR . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2024 73 (23) 523-528 Secure firearm storage might help reduce access by children and other unauthorized users and the related risk for injury or death. Information about state-specific prevalence of firearm storage practices can be used to develop secure storage messages and programs; however, such information is often unavailable. Data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, by respondent characteristics, were used to estimate prevalence of keeping firearms in or around the home and related storage practices for eight states that administered the firearm safety module in 2021 or 2022. Overall, 18.4% (California) to 50.6% (Alaska) of respondents reported that a firearm was kept in or around their home. Among those with a firearm in or around the home, 19.5% (Minnesota) to 43.8% (North Carolina) reported that a firearm was stored loaded. Across all eight states, approximately one half of those with a loaded firearm stored at least one loaded firearm unlocked. Among respondents with a child and a loaded firearm in the home, 25.2% (Ohio) to 41.4% (Alaska) reported that a loaded firearm was stored unlocked. Variability in firearm storage practices highlights the importance of local data and suggests opportunities to tailor prevention efforts to specific population groups to reduce risk for firearm handling by children without adult supervision, and other unauthorized persons. |
Hired crop worker injury risks on farms in the United States during three different periods between 2002 and 2015
Layne LA , Siordia C . Am J Ind Med 2024 BACKGROUND: Hired crop workers have high incidence of work-related injuries, but little has been documented about potential risks at the national level. METHODS: Data were obtained from a national probability sample of hired crop workers in the United States (U.S.) during 2002-2004 (period I), 2008-2010 (period II), and 2014-2015 (period III). Multivariable logistic regression models of work-related injury were constructed using an occupational exposure adjustment for weeks worked in the previous year. RESULTS: Hired crop workers reporting that their employer did not provide clean drinking water and disposable cups every day were estimated to be at greater odds of injury during all three periods. Having at least some English-speaking ability was associated with increased odds of injury in two periods, while owning a dwelling in the U.S. showed greater injury risk during period II but was associated with lower risk during period III. Other items significantly associated with injury during at least one of the study periods in the final multivariable logistic models included being a direct-hire, a migrant worker, U.S.-born, receiving public aid, and having a health condition. CONCLUSIONS: Hired crop workers are an extremely marginalized population of workers in the U.S. Innovative intervention methods must extend beyond traditional occupational models to focus on the overall health of hired crop workers, including increasing healthcare access, ending agricultural exceptionalism to provide equal regulatory protections afforded to workers in other industries, and adequate enforcement of existing regulations. These findings contribute to the understanding of correlates related to increased work-related injury among hired crop workers, and have implications in fields of prevention, intervention, and policy. |
Prevalence estimates and factors associated with violence among older adults: National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence (NISVS) Survey, 2016/2017
Zhang Kudon H , Herbst JH , Richardson LC , Smith SG , Demissie Z , Siordia C . J Elder Abuse Negl 2023 1-17 Abuse of older adults is a public health problem. The National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey (NISVS) is a nationally-representative, telephone survey for non-institutionalized adults in the United States. To determine the prevalence and factors of intimate partner psychological aggression and physical violence and sexual violence by any perpetrator against older adults, we analyzed NISVS 2016/2017 data (n = 10,171, aged ≥ 60 years). Past 12-month prevalence of psychological aggression, physical violence, and sexual violence was 2.1%, 0.8%, and 1.7%, respectively. Odds of psychological aggression were significantly higher among those with hearing or vision impairment, and lower among those aged ≥70 years. Odds of physical violence were significantly higher for males and for those with hearing or vision impairment. Odds of sexual violence were significantly higher for unpartnered individuals and those with cognitive impairment; and lower for those aged ≥ 70 years. Epidemiologic studies of violence against older adults can inform population-specific prevention strategies. |
Firefighter fatalities: crude mortality rates and risk factors for line of duty injury and death
Kahn SA , Leonard C , Siordia C . J Burn Care Res 2018 40 (2) 196-201 Background: The United States Fire Administration (USFA) provides high-quality data for firefighter deaths (FFDs), but until now this data has not been analyzed for temporal trends. This analysis explores FFDs between 1990-2016 to determine high risk groups for outreach and training. Methods: Mortality rates were calculated using USFA information compared against the total number of deaths per-year. Rates were compared between 1990-2009 (early period) and 2010-2016 (recent period). Multinomial logistic regression was used to determine predictors of death in firefighters by age group (</=45 yrs. old and >45) and by work status (career vs volunteer). Results: Analysis of 3159 FFDs revealed a decline in crude-rate mortality between 1990-2009 and 2010-2016 (47.4 vs 35 FF deaths/million, p<0.0001). Firefighters </=45 yrs. old were less likely to die in the 2010s than in the 1990s-2000's, (13.7 vs 24.7 FF deaths/million, p=0.0002). Trauma related deaths decreased (13.1 vs 8.1, p=0.0003) while CV-related deaths remained constant (19.4 vs 19.5, p=0.24). Regression analysis determined that volunteer firefighters were more likely to die from burns (OR 1.7, CI:1.2-2.4, P<0.0001) and trauma (OR 1.8, CI:1.5-2.2, p<0.0001) than career firefighters. Younger firefighters were also more likely to die from burns (OR 10.4, CI 6.9-15.6, P<0.0001) and trauma (OR 6.5, CI:5.4-7.8, p<0.0001). Conclusions: Although overall FFDs were lower after 2010, younger and volunteer firefighters saw an increase in burn and trauma related mortality. Cardiovascular related fatalities were consistent throughout the study. Future research should continue to make use of high-standard data to track FFDs and efficacy of interventions. |
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