Last data update: Dec 09, 2024. (Total: 48320 publications since 2009)
Records 1-5 (of 5 Records) |
Query Trace: Schoonveld M[original query] |
---|
Data equity as a building block for health equity: Improving surveillance data for people with disabilities, with substance use disorder, or experiencing homelessness, United States
Meehan AA , Flemming SS , Lucas S , Schoonveld M , Matjasko JL , Ward ME , Clarke KEN . Public Health Rep 2024 333549241245624 OBJECTIVES: People with disabilities, people experiencing homelessness, and people who have substance use disorders face unique health challenges. Gaps in public health surveillance data limit the identification of public health needs of these groups and data-driven action. This study aimed to identify current practices, challenges, and opportunities for collecting and reporting COVID-19 surveillance data for these populations. METHODS: We used a rapid qualitative assessment to explore COVID-19 surveillance capacities. From July through October 2021, we virtually interviewed key informants from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, state and local health departments, and health care providers across the United States. We thematically analyzed and contextualized interview notes, peer-reviewed articles, and participant documents using a literature review. RESULTS: We identified themes centered on foundational structural and systems issues that hinder actionable surveillance data for these and other populations that are disproportionately affected by multiple health conditions. Qualitative data analysis of 61 interviews elucidated 4 primary challenges: definitions and policies, resources, data systems, and articulation of the purpose of data collection to these groups. Participants noted the use of multisector partnerships, automated data collection and integration, and data scorecards to circumvent challenges. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the need for multisector, systematic improvements in surveillance data collection and reporting to advance health equity. Improvements must be buttressed with adequate investment in data infrastructure and promoted through clear communication of how data are used to protect health. |
Lessons learned from COVID-19 response in correctional and detention facilities
Waddell C , Meehan A , Schoonveld M , Kaplan Z , Bien M , Bailey C , Mosites E , Hagan LM . Emerg Infect Dis 2024 30 (13) S5-s12 The COVID-19 pandemic disproportionately affected persons held in and working in correctional and detention facilities, causing facilities' traditional priorities to shift when healthcare and public health needs temporarily drove many aspects of operations. During July-August 2022, we interviewed members of health departments and criminal justice organizations to document lessons learned from the COVID-19 response in correctional settings. Participants valued enhanced partnerships, flexibility, and innovation, as well as real-time data and corrections-specific public health guidance. Challenges included cross-sector collaborations, population density, scarcity of equipment and supplies, and mental health. Most participants reported improved relationships between criminal justice and public health organizations during the pandemic. Lessons from COVID-19 can be applied to everyday public health preparedness and emergency response in correctional facilities by ensuring representation of correctional health in public health strategy and practice and providing timely, data-driven, and partner-informed guidance tailored to correctional environments when public health needs arise. |
Infectious diseases among people experiencing homelessness: A systematic review of the literature in the United States and Canada, 2003-2022
Waddell CJ , Saldana CS , Schoonveld MM , Meehan AA , Lin CK , Butler JC , Mosites E . Public Health Rep 2024 333549241228525 Homelessness increases the risk of acquiring an infectious disease. We conducted a systematic review of the literature to identify quantitative data related to infectious diseases and homelessness. We searched Google Scholar, PubMed, and SCOPUS for quantitative literature published from January 2003 through December 2022 in English from the United States and Canada. We excluded literature on vaccine-preventable diseases and HIV because these diseases were recently reviewed. Of the 250 articles that met inclusion criteria, more than half were on hepatitis C virus or Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Other articles were on COVID-19, respiratory syncytial virus, Staphylococcus aureus, group A Streptococcus, mpox (formerly monkeypox), 5 sexually transmitted infections, and gastrointestinal or vectorborne pathogens. Most studies showed higher prevalence, incidence, or measures of risk for infectious diseases among people experiencing homelessness as compared with people who are housed or the general population. Although having increased published data that quantify the infectious disease risks of homelessness is encouraging, many pathogens that are known to affect people globally who are not housed have not been evaluated in the United States or Canada. Future studies should focus on additional pathogens and factors leading to a disproportionately high incidence and prevalence of infectious diseases among people experiencing homelessness. |
Severity of COVID-19 Hospitalization Outcomes and Patient Disposition Differ by Disability Status and Disability Type.
Clarke KEN , Hong K , Schoonveld M , Greenspan AI , Montgomery M , Thierry JM . Clin Infect Dis 2022 76 (5) 871-880 BACKGROUND: Systemic inequities may place people with disabilities at higher risk of severe COVID-19 illness or lower likelihood to be discharged home after hospitalization. We examined whether severity of COVID-19 hospitalization outcomes and disposition differ by disability status and disability type. METHODS: In a retrospective analysis of April 2020-November 2021 hospital-based administrative data among 745,375 people hospitalized with COVID-19 from 866 US hospitals, people with disabilities (n = 120,360) were identified via ICD-10-CM codes. Outcomes compared by disability status included intensive care admission, invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), in-hospital mortality, 30-day readmission, length of stay, and disposition (discharge to home, long-term care facility (LTCF), or skilled nursing facility (SNF). RESULTS: People with disabilities had increased risks of IMV (aRR: 1.05; 95%CI: 1.03-1.08) and in-hospital mortality (1.04; 1.02-1.06) compared to those with no disability; risks were higher among people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) (IMV [1.34; 1.28-1.40], mortality [1.31; 1.26-1.37]) or mobility disabilities (IMV [1.13; 1.09-1.16], mortality [1.04; 1.01-1.07]). Risk of readmission was increased among people with any disability (1.23; 1.20-1.27) and each disability type. Risks of discharge to a LTCF (1.45, 1.39-1.49) or SNF (1.78, 1.74-1.81) were increased among community-dwelling people with each disability type. CONCLUSIONS: Severity of COVID-19 hospitalization outcomes vary by disability status and type; IDD and mobility disabilities were associated with higher risks of severe outcomes. Disparities such as differences in discharge disposition by disability status require further study which would be facilitated by standardized data on disability. Increased readmission across disability types indicates a need to improve discharge planning and support services. |
Incidence of COVID-19 Among Persons Experiencing Homelessness in the US From January 2020 to November 2021.
Meehan AA , Thomas I , Horter L , Schoonveld M , Carmichael AE , Kashani M , Valencia D , Mosites E . JAMA Netw Open 2022 5 (8) e2227248 IMPORTANCE: A lack of timely and high-quality data is an ongoing challenge for public health responses to COVID-19 among people experiencing homelessness (PEH). Little is known about the total number of cases of COVID-19 among PEH. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the number of COVID-19 cases among PEH and compare the incidence rate among PEH with that in the general population. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cross-sectional study used data from a survey distributed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to all US state, district, and territorial health departments that requested aggregated COVID-19 data among PEH from January 1, 2020, to September 30, 2021. Jurisdictions were encouraged to share the survey with local health departments. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The primary study outcome was the number of cases of COVID-19 identified among PEH. COVID-19 cases and incidence rates among PEH were compared with those in the general population in the same geographic areas. RESULTS: Participants included a population-based sample of all 64 US jurisdictional health departments. Overall, 25 states, districts, and territories completed the survey, among which 18 states (72.0%) and 27 localities reported COVID-19 data among PEH. A total of 26 349 cases of COVID-19 among PEH were reported at the state level and 20 487 at the local level. The annual incidence rate of COVID-19 among PEH at the state level was 567.9 per 10 000 person-years (95% CI, 560.5-575.4 per 10 000 person-years) compared with 715.0 per 10 000 person-years (95% CI, 714.5-715.5 per 10 000 person-years) in the general population. At the local level, the incidence rate of COVID-19 among PEH was 799.2 per 10 000 person-years (95% CI, 765.5-834.0 per 10 000 person-years) vs 812.5 per 10 000 person-years (95% CI, 810.7-814.3 per 10 000 person-years) in the general population. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: These results provide an estimate of COVID-19 incidence rates among PEH in multiple US jurisdictions; however, a national estimate and the extent of under- or overestimation remain unknown. The findings suggest that opportunities exist for incorporating housing and homelessness status in infectious disease reporting to inform public health decision-making. |
- Page last reviewed:Feb 1, 2024
- Page last updated:Dec 09, 2024
- Content source:
- Powered by CDC PHGKB Infrastructure