Last data update: Jun 17, 2024. (Total: 47034 publications since 2009)
Records 1-7 (of 7 Records) |
Query Trace: Schmidt DS [original query] |
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Immune Responses in U.S. Military Personnel Who Received Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccine (MenACWY) Concomitantly with Other Vaccines Were Higher than in Personnel Who Received MenACWY Alone
Broderick MP , Romero-Steiner S , Rajam G , Johnson SE , Milton A , Kim E , Choi LJ , Radin JM , Schmidt DS , Carlone GM , Messonnier N , Faix DJ . Clin Vaccine Immunol 2016 23 (8) 672-80 Immunological responses to vaccination can differ depending on whether the vaccine is given alone or with other vaccines. This study was a retrospective evaluation of the immunogenicity of a tetravalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MenACWY) administered alone (n = 41) or concomitantly with other vaccines (n = 279) to United States military personnel (mean age = 21.6 years) entering the military between 2006 and 2008. Concomitant vaccines included tetanus/diphtheria (Td), inactivated polio vaccine (IPV), hepatitis vaccines, various influenza vaccines, among others; two vaccine groups excluded Tdap and IPV. Immune responses were evaluated in baseline and post-vaccination sera for Neisseria meningitidis serogroups C and Y 1-12 months (mean = 4.96) following vaccination. Functional antibodies were measured by using a serum bactericidal antibody assay with rabbit complement (rSBA) and by measurement of serogroup-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies. The percentage of vaccinees reaching threshold levels (IgG ≥2 mug/mL; rSBA titer ≥8) corresponding to an immunologic response was higher post-vaccination than at baseline (p < 0.001). Administration of MenACWY along with other vaccines was associated with higher geometric means of IgG concentrations and rSBA titers than those measured 4.60 months after a single dose of MenACWY. In addition, higher percentages of vaccinees reached the immunological threshold (odds ratios [ORs] range = 1.5 to 21.7) and more of them seroconverted (ORs range = 1.8 to 4.8) when MenACWY was administered with any other vaccine than when administered alone. Additional prospective randomized clinical trials are needed to confirm the observed differences among groups in the immune response to MenACWY when given concomitantly with other vaccines to United States military personnel. |
Naturally acquired antibodies against Haemophilus influenzae type a in Aboriginal adults, Canada
Nix EB , Williams K , Cox AD , St Michael F , Romero-Steiner S , Schmidt DS , McCready WG , Ulanova M . Emerg Infect Dis 2015 21 (2) 273-9 In the post-Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine era that began in the 1980's, H. influenzae type a (Hia) emerged as a prominent cause of invasive disease in North American Aboriginal populations. To test whether a lack of naturally acquired antibodies may underlie increased rates of invasive Hia disease, we compared serum bactericidal activity against Hia and Hib and IgG and IgM against capsular polysaccharide between Canadian Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal healthy and immunocompromised adults. Both healthy and immunocompromised Aboriginal adults exhibited significantly higher bactericidal antibody titers against Hia than did non-Aboriginal adults (p = 0.042 and 0.045 respectively), with no difference in functional antibody activity against Hib. IgM concentrations against Hia were higher than IgG in most study groups; the inverse was true for antibody concentrations against Hib. Our results indicate that Aboriginal adults possess substantial serum bactericidal activity against Hia that is mostly due to IgM antibodies. The presence of sustained IgM against Hia suggests recent Hia exposure. |
Persistence of serogroup C antibody responses following quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccination in United States military personnel
Patel M , Romero-Steiner S , Broderick MP , Thomas CG , Plikaytis BD , Schmidt DS , Johnson SE , Milton AS , Carlone GM , Clark TA , Messonnier NE , Cohn AC , Faix DJ . Vaccine 2014 32 (30) 3805-9 Serogroup C meningococcal (MenC) disease accounts for one-third of all meningococcal cases and causes meningococcal outbreaks in the U.S. Quadrivalent meningococcal vaccine conjugated to diphtheria toxoid (MenACYWD) was recommended in 2005 for adolescents and high risk groups such as military recruits. We evaluated anti-MenC antibody persistence in U.S. military personnel vaccinated with either MenACYWD or meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine (MPSV4). Twelve hundred subjects vaccinated with MenACYWD from 2006 to 2008 or MPSV4 from 2002 to 2004 were randomly selected from the Defense Medical Surveillance System. Baseline serologic responses to MenC were assessed in all subjects; 100 subjects per vaccine group were tested during one of the following six post-vaccination time-points: 5-7, 11-13, 17-19, 23-25, 29-31, or 35-37 months. Anti-MenC geometric mean titers (GMT) were measured by rabbit complement serum bactericidal assay (rSBA) and geometric mean concentrations (GMC) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Continuous variables were compared using the Wilcoxon rank sum test and the proportion of subjects with an rSBA titer ≥8 by chi-square. Pre-vaccination rSBA GMT was <8 for the MenACWYD group. rSBA GMT increased to 703 at 5-7 months post-vaccination and decreased by 94% to 43 at 3 years post-vaccination. GMT was significantly lower in the MenACWYD group at 5-7 months post-vaccination compared to the MPSV4 group. The percentage of MenACWYD recipients achieving an rSBA titer of ≥8 decreased from 87% at 5-7 months to 54% at 3 years. There were no significant differences between vaccine groups in the proportion of subjects with a titer of ≥8 at any time-point. GMC for the MenACWYD group was 0.14mug/mL at baseline, 1.07mug/mL at 5-7 months, and 0.66mug/mL at 3 years, and significantly lower than the MPSV4 group at all time-points. Anti-MenC responses wane following vaccination with MenACYWD; a booster dose is needed to maintain protective levels of circulating antibody. |
Molecular signatures of antibody responses derived from a systems biology study of five human vaccines.
Li S , Rouphael N , Duraisingham S , Romero-Steiner S , Presnell S , Davis C , Schmidt DS , Johnson SE , Milton A , Rajam G , Kasturi S , Carlone GM , Quinn C , Chaussabel D , Palucka AK , Mulligan MJ , Ahmed R , Stephens DS , Nakaya HI , Pulendran B . Nat Immunol 2013 15 (2) 195-204 Many vaccines induce protective immunity via antibodies. Systems biology approaches have been used to determine signatures that can be used to predict vaccine-induced immunity in humans, but whether there is a 'universal signature' that can be used to predict antibody responses to any vaccine is unknown. Here we did systems analyses of immune responses to the polysaccharide and conjugate vaccines against meningococcus in healthy adults, in the broader context of published studies of vaccines against yellow fever virus and influenza virus. To achieve this, we did a large-scale network integration of publicly available human blood transcriptomes and systems-scale databases in specific biological contexts and deduced a set of transcription modules in blood. Those modules revealed distinct transcriptional signatures of antibody responses to different classes of vaccines, which provided key insights into primary viral, protein recall and anti-polysaccharide responses. Our results elucidate the early transcriptional programs that orchestrate vaccine immunity in humans and demonstrate the power of integrative network modeling. |
Measurement of Haemophilus influenzae type a capsular polysaccharide antibodies in cord blood sera
Schmidt DS , Bieging KT , Gomez-de-Leon P , Villasenor-Sierra A , Inostroza J , Robbins JB , Schneerson R , Carlone GM , Romero-Steiner S . Pediatr Infect Dis J 2012 31 (8) 876-8 We measured anti-Hia capsular polysaccharide serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies in cord blood sera from Mexican (n=68) and Chilean mothers (n=72) by ELISA. Measurable antibodies were found in 79.3% of samples. IgG antibodies correlated with serum bactericidal activity (r=0.66). This ELISA can be used for the evaluation of adaptive immune responses to Hia and sero-surveillance studies in populations at risk. |
Validation and long term performance characteristics of a quantitative enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for human anti-PA IgG
Semenova VA , Schiffer J , Steward-Clark E , Soroka S , Schmidt DS , Brawner MM , Lyde F , Thompson R , Brown N , Foster L , Fox S , Patel N , Freeman AE , Quinn CP . J Immunol Methods 2012 376 97-107 Accurate, reliable and standardized quantification of anti-protective antigen (PA) IgG antibody levels is essential for comparative analyses of anti-toxin immune responses in anthrax cases, recipients of PA-based anthrax vaccines and for evaluation of anti-PA based immunotherapies. We have previously reported the early performance characteristics and application of a quantitative anti-PA IgG enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The principal application of this assay was in a Phase 4 human clinical trial of anthrax vaccine adsorbed (AVA, BioThrax), the central component of the CDC Anthrax Vaccine Research Program (AVRP) and in humans following bioterrorism associated Bacillus anthracis infection (Quinn et al., 2002; Quinn et al., 2004; Marano et al., 2008). The objective of the AVRP was to determine the feasibility of reducing the number of priming series and booster doses of the licensed Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed (AVA) (BioThrax(R); Emergent BioSolutions, Lansing, MI) and changing the route of administration from subcutaneous (SC) to intramuscular (IM) (Marano et al., 2008). In this paper we report the validation and long term performance characteristics of the assay during its six year application in the AVRP (2002-2008). The critical features are 1) extensive validation of the assay using two standard reference sera; 2) long term stability and 3) consistency of the data for quantitative analysis of human long term anti-PA IgG responses. The reportable value (RV) of the assay was expressed as anti-PA IgG concentration (mcg/ml). Accuracy of the assay was high with a percent error (%ER) range of 1.6-11.4%. Overall intra-operator and intermediate precision were high with Coefficients of Variation (%CVs) of 2.5-15.4% and 6.3-13.2%, respectively. The assay demonstrated excellent dilutional linearity for human sera using log(10) transformed data with the slope=0.95 to 0.99, intercept=0.02 to 0.06 and r(2)=0.980-0.987. The assay was robust, tolerating changes in serum incubation temperatures from 35 to 39 degrees C, serum incubation times from 55 to 65min and changes in key reagents. The long-term assay stability over 6years using consecutive reference sera AVR414 and AVR801 demonstrated sustained high accuracy and precision for the assay, confirming its suitability for long term studies of PA protein-based anthrax vaccines. |
Evaluation of serum bactericidal antibody assays for Haemophilus influenzae serotype a
Rouphael NG , Satola S , Farley MM , Rudolph K , Schmidt DS , Gomez-de-Leon P , Robbins JB , Schneerson R , Carlone GM , Romero-Steiner S . Clin Vaccine Immunol 2010 18 (2) 243-7 Haemophilus influenzae type a (Hia) is an important pathogen for some American Indian, Alaskan natives and Northern Canada aboriginal populations. Assays to measure serum bactericidal activity (SBA) to Hia have not been developed or validated. Here we describe two methods for the measurement of SBA: SBA with a viability end-point (CFU counts) and SBA with a fluorometric end-point using alamarBlue as metabolic indicator. Both SBA assays measure Hia-specific functional antibody and correlate with anti-Hia IgG ELISA concentration of naturally-acquired antibodies. |
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