Last data update: Sep 16, 2024. (Total: 47680 publications since 2009)
Records 1-13 (of 13 Records) |
Query Trace: Picciano MF [original query] |
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Is there a reverse J-shaped association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and all-cause mortality? Results from the U.S. Nationally Representative NHANES
Sempos CT , Durazo-Arvizu RA , Dawson-Hughes B , Yetley EA , Looker AC , Schleicher RL , Cao G , Burt V , Kramer H , Bailey RL , Dwyer JT , Zhang X , Gahche J , Coates PM , Picciano MF . J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013 98 (7) 3001-9 CONTEXT: A reverse J-shaped association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentration and all-cause mortality was suggested in a 9-year follow-up (1991-2000) analysis of the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III, 1988-1994). OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to repeat the analyses with 6 years additional follow-up to evaluate whether the association persists through 15 years of follow-up. PARTICIPANTS: The study included 15 099 participants aged ≥20 years with 3784 deaths. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Relative risk (RR) of death from all causes was adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and season using 2 Poisson regression approaches: traditional categorical and cubic splines. Results were given for 9 25(OH)D levels: <20, 20 to 29, 30 to 39, 40 to 49, 50 to 59, 60 to 74, 75 to 99 (reference), 100 to 119, and ≥120 nmol/L. RESULTS: The reverse J-shaped association became stronger with longer follow-up and was not affected by excluding deaths within the first 3 years of follow-up. Similar results were found from both statistical approaches for levels <20 through 119 nmol/L. Adjusted RR (95% confidence interval [CI]) estimates for all levels <60 nmol/L were significantly >1 compared with the reference group. The nadir of risk was 81 nmol/L (95% CI, 73-90 nmol/L). For 25(OH)D ≥120 nmol/L, results (RR, 95% CI) were slightly different using traditional categorical (1.5, 1.02-2.3) and cubic splines approaches (1.2, 0.9-1.4). The association appeared in men, women, adults ages 20 to 64 years, and non-Hispanic whites but was weaker in older adults. The study was too small to evaluate the association in non-Hispanic black and Mexican-American adults. CONCLUSIONS: A reverse J-shaped association between serum 25(OH)D and all-cause mortality appears to be real. It is uncertain whether the association is causal. |
Evaluation of Vitamin D Standardization Program protocols for standardizing serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D data: a case study of the program's potential for national nutrition and health surveys
Cashman KD , Kiely M , Kinsella M , Durazo-Arvizu RA , Tian L , Zhang Y , Lucey A , Flynn A , Gibney MJ , Vesper HW , Phinney KW , Coates PM , Picciano MF , Sempos CT . Am J Clin Nutr 2013 97 (6) 1235-42 BACKGROUND: The Vitamin D Standardization Program (VDSP) has developed protocols for standardizing procedures of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] measurement in National Health/Nutrition Surveys to promote 25(OH)D measurements that are accurate and comparable over time, location, and laboratory procedure to improve public health practice. OBJECTIVE: We applied VDSP protocols to existing ELISA-derived serum 25(OH)D data from the Irish National Adult Nutrition Survey (NANS) as a case-study survey and evaluated their effectiveness by comparison of the protocol-projected estimates with those from a reanalysis of survey serums by using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-tandem MS). DESIGN: The VDSP reference system and protocols were applied to ELISA-based serum 25(OH)D data from the representative NANS sample (n = 1118). A reanalysis of 99 stored serums by using standardized LC-tandem MS and resulting regression equations yielded predicted standardized serum 25(OH)D values, which were then compared with LC-tandem MS reanalyzed values for all serums. RESULTS: Year-round prevalence rates for serum 25(OH)D concentrations <30, <40, and <50 nmol/L were 6.5%, 21.9%, and 40.0%, respectively, via original ELISA measurements and 11.4%, 25.3%, and 43.7%, respectively, when VDSP protocols were applied. Differences in estimates at <30- and <40-nmol/L thresholds, but not at the <50-nmol/L threshold, were significant (P < 0.05). A reanalysis of all serums by using LC-tandem MS confirmed prevalence estimates as 11.2%, 27.2%, and 45.0%, respectively. Prevalences of serum 25(OH)D concentrations >125 nmol/L were 1.2%, 0.3%, and 0.6% by means of ELISA, VDSP protocols, and LC-tandem MS, respectively. CONCLUSION: VDSP protocols hold a major potential for national nutrition and health surveys in terms of the standardization of serum 25(OH)D data. |
Development and certification of a standard reference material for vitamin D metabolites in human serum
Phinney KW , Bedner M , Tai SS , Vamathevan VV , Sander LC , Sharpless KE , Wise SA , Yen JH , Schleicher RL , Chaudhary-Webb M , Pfeiffer CM , Betz JM , Coates PM , Picciano MF . Anal Chem 2012 84 (2) 956-62 The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), in collaboration with the National Institutes of Health's Office of Dietary Supplements (NIH-ODS), has developed a Standard Reference Material (SRM) for the determination of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] in serum. SRM 972 Vitamin D in Human Serum consists of four serum pools with different levels of vitamin D metabolites and has certified and reference values for 25(OH)D(2), 25(OH)D(3), and 3-epi-25(OH)D(3). Value assignment of this SRM was accomplished using a combination of three isotope-dilution mass spectrometry approaches, with measurements performed at NIST and at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Chromatographic resolution of the 3-epimer of 25(OH)D(3) proved to be essential for accurate determination of the metabolites. |
Comparison of serum and red blood cell folate microbiologic assays for national population surveys
Pfeiffer CM , Zhang M , Lacher DA , Molloy AM , Tamura T , Yetley EA , Picciano MF , Johnson CL . J Nutr 2011 141 (7) 1402-9 Three laboratories participated with their laboratory-specific microbiologic growth assays (MA) in the NHANES 2007-2008 to assess whether the distributions of serum (n = 2645) and RBC folate (n = 2613) for the same one-third sample of participants were comparable among laboratories. Laboratory (L) 2 produced the highest and L1 the lowest serum and RBC folate geometric means (nmol/L) in the NHANES sample (serum: L1, 39.5; L2, 59.2; L3, 47.7; and RBC: L1, 1120; L2, 1380; L3, 1380). Each laboratory produced different reference intervals for the central 95% of the population. Pearson correlation coefficients were highest between L3 and L1 (serum, r = 0.95; RBC, r = 0.92) and lowest between L2 and L1 (serum, r = 0.81; RBC, r = 0.65). Notable procedural differences among the laboratories were the Lactobacillus rhamnosus microorganism (L1 and L3: chloramphenicol resistant, L2: wild type) and the calibrator [L1: [6S]5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-methylTHF), L2: [6R,S] 5-formyltetrahydrofolate ([6R,S] 5-formylTHF), L3: folic acid (FA)]. Compared with 5-methylTHF as calibrator, the folate results were 22-32% higher with FA as calibrator and 8% higher with 5-formylTHF as calibrator, regardless of the matrix (n = 30 serum, n = 28 RBC). The use of different calibrators explained most of the differences in results between L3 and L1 but not between L2 and L1. The use of the wild-type L. rhamnosus by L2 appeared to be the main reason for the differences in results between L2 and the other 2 laboratories. These findings indicate how assay variations influence MA folate results and how those variations can affect population data. To ensure data comparability, better assay harmonization is needed. |
Dietary supplement use among U.S. adults has increased since NHANES III (1988-1994)
Gahche J , Bailey R , Burt V , Hughes J , Yetley E , Dwyer J , Picciano MF , McDowell M , Sempos C . NCHS Data Brief 2011 (61) 1-8 KEY FINDINGS: Use of dietary supplements is common among the U.S. adult population. Over 40% used supplements in 1988-1994, and over one-half in 2003-2006. Multivitamins/multiminerals are the most commonly used dietary supplements, with approximately 40% of men and women reporting use during 2003-2006. Use of supplemental calcium increased from 28% during 1988-1994 to 61% during 2003-2006 among women aged 60 and over. Use of supplements containing folic acid among women aged 20-39 did not increase since 1988-1994. In 2003-2006, 34% of women aged 20-39 used a dietary supplement containing folic acid. Use of dietary supplements containing vitamin D increased from 1988-1994 through 1999-2002 for men and women in most age groups. |
Biomarkers of folate status in NHANES: a roundtable summary
Yetley EA , Pfeiffer CM , Phinney KW , Fazili Z , Lacher DA , Bailey RL , Blackmore S , Bock JL , Brody LC , Carmel R , Curtin LR , Durazo-Arvizu RA , Eckfeldt JH , Green R , Gregory JF 3rd , Hoofnagle AN , Jacobsen DW , Jacques PF , Molloy AM , Massaro J , Mills JL , Nexo E , Rader JI , Selhub J , Sempos C , Shane B , Stabler S , Stover P , Tamura T , Tedstone A , Thorpe SJ , Coates PM , Johnson CL , Picciano MF . Am J Clin Nutr 2011 94 (1) 303S-312S A roundtable to discuss the measurement of folate status biomarkers in NHANES took place in July 2010. NHANES has measured serum folate since 1974 and red blood cell (RBC) folate since 1978 with the use of several different measurement procedures. Data on serum 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5MTHF) and folic acid (FA) concentrations in persons aged ≥60 y are available in NHANES 1999-2002. The roundtable reviewed data that showed that folate concentrations from the Bio-Rad Quantaphase II procedure (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Hercules, CA; used in NHANES 1991-1994 and NHANES 1999-2006) were, on average, 29% lower for serum and 45% lower for RBC than were those from the microbiological assay (MA), which was used in NHANES 2007-2010. Roundtable experts agreed that these differences required a data adjustment for time-trend analyses. The roundtable reviewed the possible use of an isotope-dilution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) measurement procedure for future NHANES and agreed that the close agreement between the MA and LC-MS/MS results for serum folate supported conversion to the LC-MS/MS procedure. However, for RBC folate, the MA gave 25% higher concentrations than did the LC-MS/MS procedure. The roundtable agreed that the use of the LC-MS/MS procedure to measure RBC folate is premature at this time. The roundtable reviewed the reference materials available or under development at the National Institute of Standards and Technology and recognized the challenges related to, and the scientific need for, these materials. They noted the need for a commutability study for the available reference materials for serum 5MTHF and FA. |
Dietary supplement use in the United States, 2003-2006
Bailey RL , Gahche JJ , Lentino CV , Dwyer JT , Engel JS , Thomas PR , Betz JM , Sempos CT , Picciano MF . J Nutr 2011 141 (2) 261-6 Dietary supplement use has steadily increased over time since the 1970s; however, no current data exist for the U.S. population. Therefore, the purpose of this analysis was to estimate dietary supplement use using the NHANES 2003-2006, a nationally representative, cross-sectional survey. Dietary supplement use was analyzed for the U.S. population (≥1 y of age) by the DRI age groupings. Supplement use was measured through a questionnaire and was reported by 49% of the U.S. population (44% of males, 53% of females). Multivitamin-multimineral use was the most frequently reported dietary supplement (33%). The majority of people reported taking only 1 dietary supplement and did so on a daily basis. Dietary supplement use was lowest in obese adults and highest among non-Hispanic whites, older adults, and those with more than a high-school education. Between 28 and 30% reported using dietary supplements containing vitamins B-6, B-12, C, A, and E; 18-19% reported using iron, selenium, and chromium; and 26-27% reported using zinc- and magnesium-containing supplements. Botanical supplement use was more common in older than in younger age groups and was lowest in those aged 1-13 y but was reported by ~20% of adults. About one-half of the U.S. population and 70% of adults ≥ 71 y use dietary supplements; one-third use multivitamin-multimineral dietary supplements. Given the widespread use of supplements, data should be included with nutrient intakes from foods to correctly determine total nutrient exposure. |
NHANES monitoring of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D: a roundtable summary
Yetley EA , Pfeiffer CM , Schleicher RL , Phinney KW , Lacher DA , Christakos S , Eckfeldt JH , Fleet JC , Howard G , Hoofnagle AN , Hui SL , Lensmeyer GL , Massaro J , Peacock M , Rosner B , Wiebe D , Bailey RL , Coates PM , Looker AC , Sempos C , Johnson CL , Picciano MF . J Nutr 2010 140 (11) 2030S-45S A roundtable to discuss monitoring of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] in the NHANES was held in late July 2009. Topics included the following: 1) options for dealing with assay fluctuations in serum 25(OH)D in the NHANES conducted between 1988 and 2006; 2) approaches for transitioning between the RIA used in the NHANES between 1988 and 2006 to the liquid chromatography tandem MS (LC-MS/MS) measurement procedure to be used in NHANES 2007 and later; 3) approaches for integrating the recently available standard reference material for vitamin D in human serum (SRM 972) from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) into the NHANES; 4) questions regarding whether the C-3 epimer of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [3-epi-25(OH)D3] should be measured in NHANES 2007 and later; and 5) identification of research and educational needs. The roundtable experts agreed that the NHANES data needed to be adjusted to control for assay fluctuations and offered several options for addressing this issue. The experts suggested that the LC-MS/MS measurement procedure developed by NIST could serve as a higher order reference measurement procedure. They noted the need for a commutability study for the recently released NIST SRM 972 across a range of measurement procedures. They suggested that federal agencies and professional organizations work with manufacturers to improve the quality and comparability of measurement procedures across all laboratories. The experts noted the preliminary nature of the evidence of the 3-epi-25(OH)D3 but felt that it should be measured in 2007 NHANES and later. |
Online dietary supplement resources
Saldanha LG , Dwyer JT , Andrews KW , Bailey RL , Gahche JJ , Hardy CJ , Holden JM , Picciano MF , Roseland JM , Thomas PR , Wolf WR . J Am Diet Assoc 2010 110 (10) 1426, 1428, 1430-1 With the vast amount of information and resources on the Internet, it’s easy for individuals to look up information on dietary supplements. The difficulty for consumers and health professionals is identifying Web sites that provide reliable information. This article provides registered dietitians (RDs) and dietetic technicians, registered (DTRs) with examples of federal Web sites that contain accurate, reliable, and unbiased information on dietary supplements and examples of commercial Web sites that currently provide useful information on dietary supplements. | In 1994 the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA) created a new category of foods called dietary supplements and defined them for regulatory purposes (1). DSHEA also fueled the growth of the dietary supplement industry that has increased more than five-fold since its passage; from around $4 billion in 1994 to 23.7 billion in 2008 (2). Currently, an estimated 4% of all dietary supplement sales are made through the Internet (2). Internet marketing and sales are in part responsible for the growth and development of the dietary supplement industry over the past decade. National survey data collected from 2003 to 2006 indicate that 53% of US adults report dietary supplement use (3). Consumers can easily find information about dietary supplement over the Internet and on social networking sites such as Twitter and Facebook, but its veracity is sometimes questionable. This is of concern because with the high prevalence of dietary supplement use, and easy access to information on the Internet, it is not surprising that many individuals may circumvent health professionals as a source of information and go directly to the Web for help. |
Total folate and folic acid intakes from foods and dietary supplements of US children aged 1-13 y
Bailey RL , McDowell MA , Dodd KW , Gahche JJ , Dwyer JT , Picciano MF . Am J Clin Nutr 2010 92 (2) 353-8 BACKGROUND: Total folate intake includes naturally occurring food folate and folic acid from fortified foods and dietary supplements. Recent reports have focused on total folate intakes of persons aged ≥14 y. Information on total folate intakes of young children, however, is limited. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to compute total folate and total folic acid intakes of US children aged 1-13 y by using a statistical method that adjusts for within-person variability and to compare these intakes with the Dietary Reference Intake guidelines for adequacy and excess. DESIGN: Data from the 2003-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a nationally representative cross-sectional survey, were analyzed. Total folate intakes were derived by combining intakes of food folate (naturally occurring and folic acid from fortified foods) on the basis of 24-h dietary recall results and folic acid intakes from dietary supplements on the basis of a 30-d questionnaire. RESULTS: More than 95% of US children consumed at least the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) for folate from foods alone. More than one-third (35%) of US children aged 1-13 y used dietary supplements, and 28% used dietary supplements containing folic acid. Supplement users had significantly higher total folate and folic acid intakes than did nonusers. More than half (53%) of dietary supplement users exceeded the Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) for total folic acid (fortified food + supplements) as compared with 5% of nonusers. CONCLUSIONS: Total folate intakes of most US children aged 1-13 y meet the EAR. Children who used dietary supplements had significantly higher total folate intakes and exceeded the UL by >50%. |
Estimation of total usual calcium and vitamin D intakes in the United States
Bailey RL , Dodd KW , Goldman JA , Gahche JJ , Dwyer JT , Moshfegh AJ , Sempos CT , Picciano MF . J Nutr 2010 140 (4) 817-22 Our objective in this study was to estimate calcium intakes from food, water, dietary supplements, and antacids for U.S. citizens aged >or=1 y using NHANES 2003-2006 data and the Dietary Reference Intake panel age groupings. Similar estimates were calculated for vitamin D intake from food and dietary supplements using NHANES 2005-2006. Diet was assessed with 2 24-h recalls; dietary supplement and antacid use were determined by questionnaire. The National Cancer Institute method was used to estimate usual nutrient intake from dietary sources. The mean daily nutrient intake from supplemental sources was added to the adjusted dietary intake estimates to produce total usual nutrient intakes for calcium and vitamin D. A total of 53% of the U.S. population reported using any dietary supplement (2003-2006), 43% used calcium (2003-2006), and 37% used vitamin D (2005-2006). For users, dietary supplements provided the adequate intake (AI) recommendation for calcium intake for approximately 12% of those >or=71 y. Males and females aged 1-3 y had the highest prevalence of meeting the AI from dietary and total calcium intakes. For total vitamin D intake, males and females >or=71, and females 14-18 y had the lowest prevalence of meeting the AI. Dietary supplement use is associated with higher prevalence of groups meeting the AI for calcium and vitamin D. Monitoring usual total nutrient intake is necessary to adequately characterize and evaluate the population's nutritional status and adherence to recommendations for nutrient intake. |
Three-phase model harmonizes estimates of the maximal suppression of parathyroid hormone by 25-hydroxyvitamin D in persons 65 years of age and older
Durazo-Arvizu RA , Dawson-Hughes B , Sempos CT , Yetley EA , Looker AC , Cao G , Harris SS , Burt VL , Carriquiry AL , Picciano MF . J Nutr 2010 140 (3) 595-9 The concentration or threshold of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] needed to maximally suppress intact serum parathyroid hormone (iPTH) has been suggested as a measure of optimal vitamin D status. Depending upon the definition of maximal suppression of iPTH and the 2-phase regression approach used, 2 distinct clusters for a single 25(OH)D threshold have been reported: 16-20 ng/mL (40-50 nmol/L) and 30-32 ng/mL (75-80 nmol/L). To rationalize the apparently disparate published results, we compared thresholds from several regression models including a 3-phase one to estimate simultaneously 2 thresholds before and after adjusting for possible confounding for age, BMI, glomerular filtration rate, dietary calcium, and season (April-September vs. October-March) within a single data set, i.e. data from the Tufts University Sites Testing Osteoporosis Prevention/Intervention Treatment study, consisting of 181 men and 206 women (total n = 387) ages 65-87 y. Plasma 25(OH)D and serum iPTH concentrations were (mean +/- SD) 22.1 +/- 7.44 ng/mL (55.25 +/- 18.6 nmol/L) and 36.6 +/- 16.03 pg/mL (3.88 +/- 1.7 pmol/L), respectively. The 3-phase model identified 2 thresholds of 12 ng/mL (30 nmol/L) and 28 ng/mL (70 nmol/L); similar results were found from the 2-phase models evaluated, i.e. 13-20 and 27-30 ng/mL (32.5-50 and 67.5-75 nmol/L) and with previous results. Adjusting for confounding did not change the results substantially. Accordingly, the 3-phase model appears to be superior to the 2-phase approach, because it simultaneously estimates the 2 threshold clusters found from the 2-phase approaches along with estimating confidence limits. If replicated, it may be of both clinical and public health importance. |
Total folate and folic acid intake from foods and dietary supplements in the United States: 2003-2006
Bailey RL , Dodd KW , Gahche JJ , Dwyer JT , McDowell MA , Yetley EA , Sempos CA , Burt VL , Radimer KL , Picciano MF . Am J Clin Nutr 2010 91 (1) 231-7 BACKGROUND: The term total folate intake is used to represent folate that occurs naturally in food as well as folic acid from fortified foods and dietary supplements. Folic acid has been referred to as a double-edged sword because of its beneficial role in the prevention of neural tube defects and yet possible deleterious effects on certain cancers and cognitive function. Previous monitoring efforts did not include folic acid from dietary supplements and are therefore not complete. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to combine data on dietary folate (as measured by two 24-h recalls) and folic acid from dietary supplements (collected with a 30-d frequency questionnaire) with the use of the bias-corrected best power method to adjust for within-person variability. DESIGN: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) is a nationally representative, cross-sectional survey. Linear contrasts were constructed to determine differences in dietary and total folate intake for age and racial-ethnic groups by sex; prevalence of inadequate and excessive intakes is presented. RESULTS: In 2003-2006, 53% of the US population used dietary supplements; 34.5% used dietary supplements that contained folic acid. Total folate intake (in dietary folate equivalents) was higher for men (813 +/- 14) than for women (724 +/- 16) and higher for non-Hispanic whites (827 +/- 19) than for Mexican Americans (615 +/- 11) and non-Hispanic blacks (597 +/- 12); 29% of non-Hispanic black women had inadequate intakes. Total folate and folic acid intakes are highest for those aged > or =50 y, and 5% exceed the Tolerable Upper Intake Level. CONCLUSIONS: Improved total folate intake is warranted in targeted subgroups, which include women of childbearing age and non-Hispanic black women, whereas other population groups are at risk of excessive intake. |
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