Last data update: Oct 07, 2024. (Total: 47845 publications since 2009)
Records 1-22 (of 22 Records) |
Query Trace: Perry GS[original query] |
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Excess burden of poverty and hypertension, by race and ethnicity, on the prevalence of cardiovascular disease
Sells ML , Blum E , Perry GS , Eke P , Presley-Cantrell L . Prev Chronic Dis 2023 20 E109 INTRODUCTION: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the United States. Certain demographic characteristics are associated with disparities in CVD and its risk factors, which may interact with specific social determinants of health (SDOH). We examined the association of a single SDOH (ie, poverty level) with diagnosed CVD morbidity and the joint influence of poverty and hypertension on the prevalence of CVD morbidity among non-Hispanic Black, non-Hispanic White, and Hispanic people aged 30 years or older. METHODS: We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey collected during 1999 to 2018. We assessed the prevalence of diagnosed CVD morbidity (eg, self-reported coronary heart disease, angina, myocardial infarction, or stroke) by using a Poisson family with a log link regression model. We calculated the additive interaction of poverty level with hypertension on diagnosed CVD morbidity for each race and ethnicity. RESULTS: We found excess CVD morbidity among non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic people experiencing poverty and diagnosed with hypertension compared with their non-Hispanic White counterparts. Multivariate analysis found a higher prevalence of CVD among participants of all races and ethnicities who were experiencing poverty and among non-Hispanic White people who had less than a college education. In addition, age, hypertension, poverty, smoking, and weight were significant predictors of the prevalence of CVD morbidity among all racial and ethnic groups. CONCLUSION: Changes to interventions, policies, and research may be needed to address the effect of key indicators of health disparities and specific SDOH, such as poverty level, that intersect with hypertension and contribute to excess CVD morbidity among people of some racial and ethnic groups, particularly non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic populations. |
Reported motivations for and locations of healthy eating among Georgia high school students
Kumar GS , Bryan M , Bayakly R , Drenzek C , Merlo C , Perry GS . J Sch Health 2017 87 (5) 353-362 BACKGROUND: Understanding how youth perceive eating healthy foods can inform programs and policies that aim to improve healthy eating. We assessed the reasons for and the most common locations of eating healthy foods among Georgia's (GA) high school (HS) students. METHODS: Using the 2013 GA HS Youth Risk Behavior Survey, we examined motivations for and locations of eating healthy foods by sociodemographic characteristics and daily fruit and vegetable intake. Weighted chi-square tests were used to examine differences in responses for each perception. RESULTS: Nineteen percent of GA HS students consumed fruit ≥3 times/day and 11% consumed vegetables ≥3 times/day. The most frequently chosen response to motivations for eating healthy foods was the desire to be healthy (42%), followed by enjoying their taste (18%). The most likely location to eat healthy foods was at home (80%), followed by at school (13%). CONCLUSIONS: GA HS students are most motivated to eat healthy foods by the desire to be healthy and their enjoyment of the taste of healthy foods. Incorporating messages that align with students' motivations to eat healthy foods could be considered when developing promotional programs/policies targeting healthy eating. |
Accuracy of capillary hemoglobin measurements for the detection of anemia among U.S. low-income toddlers and pregnant women
Boghani S , Mei Z , Perry GS , Brittenham GM , Cogswell ME . Nutrients 2017 9 (3) The aim of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of capillary hemoglobin (Hb) measurements in detecting anemia among low-income toddlers (aged 12-35 months) and pregnant women. In analyses of data among toddlers from Kansas City (n = 402) and St. Louis, Missouri (n = 236), and pregnant women at <20 weeks gestation from Cleveland, Ohio (n = 397), we compared subjects' anemia status based on capillary Hb concentrations in finger puncture samples as measured by the HemoCue system with their anemia status based on venous Hb concentrations as measured by the HemoCue and Coulter Counter. The sensitivity of capillary blood analyses in identifying cases of anemia was 32.8% (95% Confidence Intervals (CI): 21.0%-46.3%), among Kansas City toddlers, 59.7% (95% CI: 45.8%-72.4%) among St. Louis toddlers, and 66.7% (95% CI: 46.0%-83.5%) among pregnant women in Cleveland; the corresponding specificities were 97.7%, 86.6%, and 96.7%, respectively. The correlation between HemoCue and Coulter Counter measurements of venous Hb (0.9) was higher than that between HemoCue measurements of capillary and venous blood (0.8). The results show that Hb measurements of capillary blood with HemoCue were not optimal for determining the anemia status of toddlers and pregnant women. |
Aspirin use for the primary prevention of myocardial infarction among men in North Carolina, 2013
Tchwenko S , Fleming E , Perry GS . Prev Chronic Dis 2015 12 E202 INTRODUCTION: The US Preventive Services Task Force recommends aspirin use for men aged 45 to 79, when the potential benefit of preventing myocardial infarctions outweighs the potential harm of gastrointestinal hemorrhage. We determined prevalence and predictors of aspirin use for primary prevention of myocardial infarction vis-a-vis risk among men aged 45 to 79 in North Carolina. METHODS: The study used data for men aged 45 to 79 without contraindications to aspirin use or a history of cardiovascular disease from the 2013 North Carolina Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey. Stratification by risk of myocardial infarction was based on history of diabetes, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, and smoking. Analyses were performed in Stata version 13.0 (StataCorp LP); survey commands were used to account for complex sampling design. RESULTS: Most respondents, 74.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 71.2%-77.0%), had at least one risk factor for myocardial infarction. Prevalence of aspirin use among respondents with risk factors was 44.8% (95% CI, 41.0-48.5) and was significantly higher than the prevalence among respondents without risk factors (prevalence ratio: 1.44 [95% CI, 1.17-1.78]). No significant linear dose (number of risk factors)-response (taking aspirin) relationship was found (P for trend = .25). Older age predicted (P = .03) aspirin use among respondents with at least one myocardial infarction risk factor. CONCLUSION: Most men aged 45 to 79 in North Carolina have at least one risk factor for myocardial infarction, but less than half use aspirin. Interventions aimed at boosting aspirin use are needed among at-risk men in North Carolina. |
Sleep duration and body mass index and waist circumference among US adults
Ford ES , Li C , Wheaton AG , Chapman DP , Perry GS , Croft JB . Obesity (Silver Spring) 2014 22 (2) 598-607 OBJECTIVE: To examine the form of the relationship between sleep duration and anthropometric measures and possible differences in these relationships by gender and race or ethnicity. DESIGN AND METHODS: Data for 13,742 participants aged ≥20 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2010 were used. Sleep duration was categorized as ≤6 (short sleepers), 7-9, and ≥10 hours (long sleepers). RESULTS: Short sleepers were as much as 1.7 kg/m(2) (SE 0.4) heavier and had 3.4 cm (SE 1.0) more girth than long sleepers. Among participants without depression or a diagnosed sleep disorder, sleep duration was significantly associated with body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference in an inverse linear association in the entire sample, men, women, whites, African Americans, and participants aged 20-39 years. No evidence for statistical interaction by gender and race or ethnicity was observed. Regression coefficients were notably stronger among adults aged 20-39 years. Compared to participants who reported sleeping 7-9 hours per night, short sleepers were more likely to be obese and have abdominal obesity. CONCLUSIONS: In this nationally representative sample of US adults, an inverse linear association most consistently characterized the association between sleep duration and BMI and waist circumference. |
Associations between self-reported sleep duration and sleeping disorder with concentrations of fasting and 2-hour glucose, insulin, and glycosylated hemoglobin among adults without diagnosed diabetes
Ford ES , Wheaton AG , Chapman DP , Li C , Perry GS , Croft JB . J Diabetes 2013 6 (4) 338-50 BACKGROUND: There is limited information from population-based investigations of the associations between sleep duration and sleep disorders and parameters of glucose homeostasis. The objective of the present study was to examine cross-sectional associations between sleep duration and sleep disordered breathing with concentrations of insulin, fasting and 2-hour glucose, and HbA1c. METHODS: Data from 12150 adults aged ≥20 years without diagnosed diabetes (5015 with an oral glucose tolerance test) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2010 were used. Information about sleep duration (2005-2010) and sleep apnea and sleep-disordered breathing (2005-2008) was obtained via questionnaire. RESULTS: An estimated 35.8% of participants reported sleeping ≤6 hours/night, 62.1% reported sleeping 7-9 hours/night, and 2.0% reported sleeping ≥10 hours/night. In 2005-2008, 33.0% reported snoring ≥5 nights per week, 5.9% reported they snorted, gasped, or stopped breathing ≥5 nights/week, and 4.2% reported sleep apnea. Sleep duration was significantly associated with fasting concentrations of insulin and concentrations of HbA1c only in models that did not adjust for body mass index. Concentrations of fasting and 2-hour glucose were significantly associated with sleep duration in models that adjusted only for age. Snoring frequency was positively associated with concentrations of insulin and HbA1c. Frequency of snorting or stopping breathing and sleep apnea status were associated with concentrations of insulin and of HbA1c only when body mass index was not accounted for. CONCLUSION: In a representative sample of U.S. adults, concentrations of insulin and HbA1c were significantly associated with short sleep duration, possibly mediated by body mass index. |
Self-reported sleep duration and weight-control strategies among US high school students
Wheaton AG , Perry GS , Chapman DP , Croft JB . Sleep 2013 36 (8) 1139-45 STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine if self-reported sleep duration was associated with weight-control behaviors among US high school students. DESIGN: National Youth Risk Behavior Survey. SETTING: United States, 2007. PARTICIPANTS: US high school students (N = 12,087). MEASUREMENTS: Students were asked if they had engaged in several weight-control behaviors during the 30 days before the survey to lose or maintain weight. Self-reported sleep duration categories included very short (≤ 5 h), short (6 or 7 h), referent moderate (8 or 9 h), and long (≥ 10 h). Sex-specific logistic regression analyses with race/ethnicity, grade, and body mass index category as covariates were conducted using SUDAAN to account for complex study design. RESULTS: Approximately half the students reported short sleep duration (51.8% of males and 54.3% of females), whereas very short sleep durations were reported by another 14.8% of males and 16.9% of females. Among males, very short sleepers were significantly (P < 0.05) more likely than moderate sleepers to report dieting (36.3% versus 26.1%), fasting (14.2% versus 4.3%), and purging (4.3% versus 1.1%) to lose or maintain weight during the 30 days before the survey. Among females, the respective very short, short, and moderate sleepers varied (P < 0.05) in dieting (59.9%, 55.0%, and 47.5% respectively), fasting (28.3%, 15.2%, and 10.3%, respectively), and taking diet pills (13.3%, 6.8%, and 4.3%, respectively). Prevalence of purging was significantly higher only for very short sleepers (12.3%, 6.0%, and 3.9%, respectively). CONCLUSION: Self-reported short sleep duration was associated with dieting and three unhealthy weight-control behaviors in this population. If our findings are confirmed, intervention studies should be conducted to examine the effect of educational interventions. |
Frequent insufficient sleep and anxiety and depressive disorders among U.S. community dwellers in 20 states, 2010
Chapman DP , Presley-Cantrell LR , Liu Y , Perry GS , Wheaton AG , Croft JB . Psychiatr Serv 2013 64 (4) 385-7 OBJECTIVE: This investigation examined the association of anxiety or depressive disorder and frequent insufficient sleep. METHODS: Data were obtained from a 2010 telephone survey of a population-based sample of 113,936 adults in 20 states. Respondents were asked how often they did not get enough rest or sleep and if they had ever received a diagnosis of an anxiety or depressive disorder. Frequent insufficient sleep was defined as insufficient rest or sleep during ≥ 14 of the past 30 days. RESULTS: Frequent insufficient sleep was reported by 27.0% of the sample and was significantly more common (p<.05) among respondents who reported both anxiety and depressive disorders (48.6%), depressive disorders only (39.0%), or anxiety only (37.5%) than among adults who reported neither disorder (23.1%). CONCLUSIONS: Frequent insufficient sleep is associated with depressive and anxiety disorders, and the odds of the sleep disorder are increased when both classes of psychiatric disorders are diagnosed. |
Excess frequent insufficient sleep in American Indians/Alaska Natives
Chapman DP , Croft JB , Liu Y , Perry GS , Presley-Cantrell LR , Ford ES . J Environ Public Health 2013 2013 259645 OBJECTIVE: Frequent insufficient sleep, defined as ≥14 days/past 30 days in which an adult did not get enough rest or sleep, is associated with adverse mental and physical health outcomes. Little is known about the prevalence of frequent insufficient sleep among American Indians/Alaska Natives (AI/AN). METHODS: We assessed racial/ethnic differences in the prevalence of frequent insufficient sleep from the combined 2009-2010 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey among 810,168 respondents who self-identified as non-Hispanic white (NHW, n = 671,448), non-Hispanic black (NHB, n = 67,685), Hispanic (n = 59,528), or AI/AN (n = 11,507). RESULTS: We found significantly higher unadjusted prevalences (95% CI) of frequent insufficient sleep among AI/AN (34.2% [32.1-36.4]) compared to NHW (27.4% [27.1-27.6]). However, the age-adjusted excess prevalence of frequent insufficient sleep in AI/AN compared to NHW was decreased but remained significant with the addition of sex, education, and employment status; this latter relationship was further attenuated by the separate additions of obesity and lifestyle indicators, but was no longer significant with the addition of frequent mental distress to the model (PR = 1.05; 95% CI : 0.99-1.13). This is the first report of a high prevalence of frequent insufficient sleep among AI/AN. These results further suggest that investigation of sleep health interventions addressing frequent mental distress may benefit AI/AN populations. |
Association between perceived insufficient sleep, frequent mental distress, obesity and chronic diseases among US adults, 2009 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
Liu Y , Croft JB , Wheaton AG , Perry GS , Chapman DP , Strine TW , McKnight-Eily LR , Presley-Cantrell L . BMC Public Health 2013 13 84 BACKGROUND: Although evidence suggests that poor sleep is associated with chronic disease, little research has been conducted to assess the relationships between insufficient sleep, frequent mental distress (FMD ≥14 days during the past 30 days), obesity, and chronic disease including diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease, stroke, high blood pressure, asthma, and arthritis. METHODS: Data from 375,653 US adults aged ≥ 18 years in the 2009 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were used to assess the relationships between insufficient sleep and chronic disease. The relationships were further examined using a multivariate logistic regression model after controlling for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, and potential mediators (FMD and obesity). RESULTS: The overall prevalence of insufficient sleep during the past 30 days was 10.4% for all 30 days, 17.0% for 14-29 days, 42.0% for 1-13 days, and 30.6% for zero day. The positive relationships between insufficient sleep and each of the six chronic disease were significant (p < 0.0001) after adjustment for covariates and were modestly attenuated but not fully explained by FMD. The relationships between insufficient sleep and both diabetes and high blood pressure were also modestly attenuated but not fully explained by obesity. CONCLUSIONS: Assessment of sleep quantity and quality and additional efforts to encourage optimal sleep and sleep health should be considered in routine medical examinations. Ongoing research designed to test treatments for obesity, mental distress, or various chronic diseases should also consider assessing the impact of these treatments on sleep health. |
Adverse childhood experiences and frequent insufficient sleep in 5 U.S. states, 2009: a retrospective cohort study
Chapman DP , Liu Y , Presley-Cantrell LR , Edwards VJ , Wheaton AG , Perry GS , Croft JB . BMC Public Health 2013 13 3 BACKGROUND: Although adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have previously been demonstrated to be adversely associated with a variety of health outcomes in adulthood, their specific association with sleep among adults has not been examined. To better address this issue, this study examines the relationship between eight self-reported ACEs and frequent insufficient sleep among community-dwelling adults residing in 5 U.S. states in 2009. METHODS: To assess whether ACEs were associated with frequent insufficient sleep (respondent did not get sufficient rest or sleep ≥14 days in past 30 days) in adulthood, we analyzed ACE data collected in the 2009 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, a random-digit-dialed telephone survey in Arkansas, Louisiana, New Mexico, Tennessee, and Washington. ACEs included physical abuse, sexual abuse, verbal abuse, household mental illness, incarcerated household members, household substance abuse, parental separation/divorce, and witnessing domestic violence before age 18. Smoking status and frequent mental distress (FMD) (≥14 days in past 30 days when self-perceived mental health was not good) were assessed as potential mediators in multivariate logistic regression analyses of frequent insufficient sleep by ACEs adjusted for race/ethnicity, gender, education, and body mass index. RESULTS: Overall, 28.8% of 25,810 respondents reported frequent insufficient sleep, 18.8% were current smokers, 10.8% reported frequent mental distress, 59.5% percent reported ≥1 ACE, and 8.7% reported ≥ 5 ACEs. Each ACE was associated with frequent insufficient sleep in multivariate analyses. Odds of frequent insufficient sleep were 2.5 (95% CI, 2.1-3.1) times higher in persons with ≥5 ACEs compared to those with no ACEs. Most relationships were modestly attenuated by smoking and FMD, but remained significant. CONCLUSIONS: Childhood exposures to eight indicators of child maltreatment and household dysfunction were significantly associated with frequent insufficient sleep during adulthood in this population. ACEs could be potential indicators promoting further investigation of sleep insufficiency, along with consideration of FMD and smoking. |
Relationship between adverse childhood experiences and unemployment among adults from five US states
Liu Y , Croft JB , Chapman DP , Perry GS , Greenlund KJ , Zhao G , Edwards VJ . Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2012 48 (3) 357-69 PURPOSE: Our study assesses the relationships between self-reported adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) (including sexual, physical, or verbal abuse, along with household dysfunction including parental separation or divorce, domestic violence, mental illness, substance abuse, or incarcerated household member) and unemployment status in five US states in 2009. METHODS: We examined these relationships using the 2009 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey data from 17,469 respondents (aged 18-64 years) who resided in five states, completed the ACE Questionnaire, and provided socio-demographic and social support information. We also assessed the mediation of these relationships by respondents' educational attainment, marital status, and social support. RESULTS: About two-third of respondents reported having had at least one ACEs, while 15.1 % of men and 19.3 % of women reported having had ≥4 ACEs. Among both men and women, the unemployment rate in 2009 was significantly higher among those who reported having had any ACE than among those who reported no ACEs (p < 0.05). Educational attainment, marital status, and social support mediated the relationship between ACEs and unemployment, particularly among women. CONCLUSIONS: ACEs appear to be associated with increased risk for unemployment among men and women. Further studies may be needed to better understand how education, marital status, and social support mediate the association between multiple ACEs and unemployment. |
Sleep disordered breathing and depression among U.S. adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005-2008
Wheaton AG , Perry GS , Chapman DP , Croft JB . Sleep 2012 35 (4) 461-7 STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine if symptoms of sleep disordered breathing (SDB) are associated with depression symptomology in a national sample. DESIGN: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey SETTING: U.S., 2005-2008. PARTICIPANTS: 9,714 adults (≥ 18 years) MEASUREMENTS: Respondents were asked about frequency of snoring and snorting, gasping, or stopping breathing while asleep and completed the PHQ-9 (a 9-item depression screener). Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for SDB symptom-associated probable major depression (defined as a PHQ-9 score ≥ 10) were obtained from sex-specific logistic regression analyses adjusted for body mass index, age, race/ethnicity, and education. RESULTS: Among men, 6.0% reported physician-diagnosed sleep apnea, 37.2% snored ≥ 5 nights/week, 7.1% snorted/stopped breathing ≥ 5 nights/week, and 5.0% had PHQ-9 scores ≥ 10. Among women, 3.1% reported sleep apnea, 22.4% snored ≥ 5 nights/week, 4.3% snorted/stopped breathing ≥ 5 nights/week, and 8.4% had PHQ-9 scores ≥ 10. Sleep apnea was associated with probable major depression (OR = 2.4; 95% CI: 1.5, 3.6 among men; OR = 5.2; 95% CI: 2.7, 9.9 among women). Snoring was not associated with depression symptoms in men or women. Snorting/stopping breathing ≥ 5 nights/week compared to never was strongly associated with probable major depression in men (OR = 3.1; 95% CI: 1.8, 5.2) and women (OR = 3.0; 95% CI: 1.6, 5.4). CONCLUSION: Frequent snorting/stopping breathing was associated with probable major depression by the PHQ-9 in a national sample of adults. Additional research may be needed to determine whether regular screening for these conditions by mental health professionals and sleep specialists should be recommended. CITATION: Wheaton AG; Perry GS; Chapman DP; Croft JB. Sleep disordered breathing and depression among U.S. adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005-2008. SLEEP 2012;35(4):461-467. |
The relationship of level of positive mental health with current mental disorders in predicting suicidal behavior and academic impairment in college students
Keyes CL , Eisenberg D , Perry GS , Dube SR , Kroenke K , Dhingra SS . J Am Coll Health 2012 60 (2) 126-33 OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether level of positive mental health complements mental illness in predicting students at risk for suicidal behavior and impaired academic performance. PARTICPANTS: A sample of 5,689 college students participated in the 2007 Healthy Minds Study and completed an Internet survey that included the Mental Health Continuum-Short Form and the Patient Health Questionnaire screening scales for depression and anxiety disorders, questions about suicide ideation, plans, and attempts, and academic impairment. RESULTS: Just under half (49.3%) of students were flourishing and did not screen positive for a mental disorder. Among students who did, and those who did not, screen for a mental disorder, suicidal behavior and impaired academic performance were lowest in those with flourishing, higher among those with moderate, and highest in those with languishing mental health. CONCLUSIONS: Positive mental health complements mental disorder screening in mental health surveillance and prediction of suicidal behavior and impairment of academic performance. |
Association of sleep duration and hypertension among US adults varies by age and sex
Fang J , Wheaton AG , Keenan NL , Greenlund KJ , Perry GS , Croft JB . Am J Hypertens 2012 25 (3) 335-41 BACKGROUND: While short sleep duration has been related to hypertension, the impact of age and sex on this association is less well known. We examined the association between hours of sleep and hypertension prevalence among US adults by age and sex. METHODS: The study was conducted using data from the 2007-2009 National Health Interview Surveys (NHISs). The association between self-reported hours of sleep and prevalence of hypertension was assessed after stratifying by age and sex. RESULTS: Among 71,455 participants, age-standardized hypertension prevalence rates (%) were 32.4, 25.5, 22.2, 23.2, 25.5, and 32.5 among adults reporting sleep of <6, 6, 7, 8, 9, and ≥10 h/day, respectively (P < 0.001). There was a "U"-shaped association of hours of sleep and hypertension prevalence among all age and sex subgroups. Logistic regression models, using 8 h sleep/day as the referent, showed a greater likelihood of hypertension among those who slept <7 or ≥10 h/day after adjusting for sociodemographic, behavior, and health characteristics. Further stratifying by age and sex, while adjusting for all other characteristics, revealed that among adults less than 45 years, short (<6 h for men and <8 h for women) and long (≥10 h for men) sleep were associated with higher likelihood of hypertension. For other age/sex groups, short sleep (<6 h) was associated with higher likelihood of hypertension among middle-aged men and older women, as was long sleep (≥10 h) among middle-aged women. CONCLUSIONS: This national sample study suggests that the association between hours of sleep and hypertension varies by age and sex. (American Journal of Hypertension (2012); doi:10.1038/ajh.2011.201.) |
Relationships between hours of sleep and health-risk behaviors in US adolescent students
McKnight-Eily LR , Eaton DK , Lowry R , Croft JB , Presley-Cantrell L , Perry GS . Prev Med 2011 53 271-3 OBJECTIVE: To examine associations between insufficient sleep (<8h on average school nights) and health-risk behaviors. METHOD: 2007 national Youth Risk Behavior Survey data of U.S. high school students (n=12,154) were analyzed. Associations were examined on weighted data using multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: Insufficient sleep on an average school night was reported by 68.9% of students. Insufficient sleep was associated with higher odds of current use of cigarettes (age-adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.67; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.45-1.93), marijuana (AOR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.31-1.76), and alcohol (AOR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.46-1.84); current sexual activity (AOR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.25-1.59); seriously considered attempting suicide (AOR, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.60-2.16); feeling sad or hopeless (AOR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.43-1.84); physical fighting (AOR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.24-1.60), not being physically active at least 60min≥5days in the past 7days (AOR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.04-1.29), using the computer ≥3h/day (AOR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.38-1.80), and drinking soda/pop >1time/day (AOR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.03-1.28). CONCLUSION: Two-thirds of adolescent students reported insufficient sleep, which was associated with many health-risk behaviors. Greater awareness of the impact of sleep insufficiency is vital. |
Household demographics and perceived insufficient sleep among US adults
Chapman DP , Wheaton AG , Perry GS , Sturgis SL , Strine TW , Croft JB . J Community Health 2011 37 (2) 344-9 It has become increasingly recognized that insufficient sleep is associated with adverse health outcomes. Studies have observed that sleep duration and daytime sleepiness varies by sex and marital status. Few studies have examined the impact of the number of children on sleep. To evaluate the association of marital status and number of children with insufficient sleep and in a large national sample. We analyzed data from the 2008 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey, a population-based telephone survey of non-institutionalized US adults (N = 395,407), in which respondents were asked, "During the past 30 days, for about how many days have you felt you did not get enough rest or sleep?" We used sex-specific, multivariate logistic regression analyses to assess the associations of marital status (married, previously married, never married) and the number of children in the household with frequent insufficient sleep (≥14 days in past 30 days) after adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, and education. In this study population, 23% were never married, 60% were married, and 17% were previously married. Forty-three percent reported having children aged <18 years in the household. Married men (24.3%) were less likely to report frequent insufficient sleep than never married men (28.0%) or previously married men (28.8%). Never married women (33.4%) were more likely to report frequent insufficient sleep than currently married (29.0%) or previously married women (29.0%). The likelihood of frequent insufficient sleep increased in a linear fashion with the number of children in the household for all subgroups (P < 0.05) except among never married men. These findings suggest that the presence of children in the household often increases the frequency of insufficient rest or sleep among the adults with whom they reside. Thus, health care providers may wish to consider the presence of children under 18 years of age a potential "risk factor" for insufficient sleep when counseling adults in the household about the importance of sleep to overall health. |
Adverse childhood experiences and smoking status in five states
Ford ES , Anda RF , Edwards VJ , Perry GS , Zhao G , Li C , Croft JB . Prev Med 2011 53 (3) 188-93 OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to examine the associations between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and smoking behavior among a random sample of adults living in five U.S. states. METHODS: We used data from 25,809 participants of the 2009 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System to assess the relationship of each of the 8 adverse childhood experiences and the adverse childhood experience score to smoking status. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Some 59.5% of men and women reported at least one adverse childhood experience. Each of the eight adverse childhood experiences measures was significantly associated with smoking status after adjustment for demographic variables. The prevalence ratios for current and ever smoking increased in a positive graded fashion as the adverse childhood experience score increased. Among adults who reported no adverse childhood experiences, 13.0% were currently smoking and 38.3% had ever smoked. Compared to participants with an adverse childhood experience score of 0, those with an adverse childhood experience score of 5 or more were more likely to be a current smoker (adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR): 2.22, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.92-2.57) and to have ever smoked (aPR: 1.80, 95% CI: 1.67-1.93). Further research is warranted to determine whether the prevention of and interventions for adverse childhood experiences might reduce the burden of smoking-related illness in the general population. |
Adverse childhood experiences and sleep disturbances in adults
Chapman DP , Wheaton AG , Anda RF , Croft JB , Edwards VJ , Liu Y , Sturgis SL , Perry GS . Sleep Med 2011 12 (8) 773-9 BACKGROUND: Sleep disturbances are associated with an increased risk for many chronic diseases and unhealthy behaviors. A history of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) is also associated with similar adult health outcomes. We studied the relationship between multiple ACEs and the likelihood of experiencing self-reported sleep disturbances in adulthood. METHODS: We used data from the adverse childhood experiences (ACE) study, a retrospective cohort study of 17,337 adult health maintenance organization members in California who completed a survey about eight ACEs, which included childhood abuse and growing up with various forms of household dysfunction. The self-reported sleep disturbances measured included ever having trouble falling or staying asleep and feeling tired after a good night's sleep. We used an integer count of the number of ACEs (the ACE score) to assess the cumulative impact of these experiences on the likelihood of self-reported sleep disturbances. RESULTS: Thirty-three percent of the cohort reported trouble falling or staying asleep, while 24% reported feeling tired after sleeping. All eight ACE categories were associated with an increased likelihood of self-reported sleep disturbances (p<0.05). Compared to persons with an ACE score of 0, those with an ACE score 5 were 2.1 (95% CI: 1.8-2.4) times more likely to report trouble falling or staying asleep and 2.0 (95% CI: 1.7-2.3) times more likely to report feeling tired even after a good night's sleep. The trend for increasing odds for both types of self-reported sleep disturbance with increasing ACE scores was statistically significant (p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Adverse childhood experiences were associated with self-reported sleep disturbances in adulthood, and the ACE score had a graded relationship to these sleep disturbances. A history of ACEs should be obtained for patients with self-reported sleep disturbances to coordinate services that ameliorate the long-term effects of these events. |
Relationship between body mass index and perceived insufficient sleep among U.S. adults: an analysis of 2008 BRFSS data
Wheaton AG , Perry GS , Chapman DP , McKnight-Eily LR , Presley-Cantrell LR , Croft JB . BMC Public Health 2011 11 295 BACKGROUND: Over the past 50 years, the average sleep duration for adults in the United States has decreased while the prevalence of obesity and associated outcomes has increased. The objective of this study was to determine whether perceived insufficient sleep was associated with body mass index (BMI) in a national sample. METHODS: We analyzed data from the 2008 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey (N = 384,541) in which respondents were asked, "During the past 30 days, for about how many days have you felt you did not get enough rest or sleep?" We divided respondents into six BMI categories and used multivariable linear regression and logistic regression analyses to assess the association between BMI categories and days of insufficient sleep after adjusting for sociodemographic variables, smoking, physical activity, and frequent mental distress. RESULTS: Adjusted mean days of insufficient sleep ranged from 7.9 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.8, 8.0) days for people of normal weight to 10.5 (95% CI: 10.2, 10.9) days for those in the highest weight category (BMI ≥ 40). Days of perceived insufficient sleep followed a linear trend across BMI categories. The likelihood of reporting ≥14 days of insufficient sleep in the previous 30 days was higher for respondents in the highest weight category than for those who were normal weight (34.9% vs. 25.2%; adjusted odds ratio = 1.7 (95% CI: 1.5, 1.8]). CONCLUSION: Among U.S. adults, days of insufficient rest or sleep strongly correlated with BMI. Sleep sufficiency should be an important consideration in the assessment of the health of overweight and obese people and should be considered by developers of weight-reduction programs. |
Addressing mental health promotion in chronic disease prevention and health promotion
Perry GS , Presley-Cantrell LR , Dhingra SS . Am J Public Health 2010 100 (12) 2337-9 The World Health Organization (WHO) defines mental health as “not just the absence of mental disorder” but “as a state of well-being in which every individual realizes his or her own potential, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to her or his community.”1(p2) Mental illness, on the other hand, is the “term that refers collectively to all diagnosable mental disorders” that are “health conditions that are characterized by alterations in thinking, mood, or behavior (or some combination thereof) associated with distress and/or impaired functioning.”2(p5) | Further, WHO has long defined health as “a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease, or infirmity.”3(p100) Given these definitions, it should be clear that there is no health without mental health. |
Prevalence of insufficient, borderline, and optimal hours of sleep among high school students - United States, 2007
Eaton DK , McKnight-Eily LR , Lowry R , Perry GS , Presley-Cantrell L , Croft JB . J Adolesc Health 2010 46 (4) 399-401 We describe the prevalence of insufficient, borderline, and optimal sleep hours among U.S. high school students on an average school night. Most students (68.9%) reported insufficient sleep, whereas few (7.6%) reported optimal sleep. The prevalence of insufficient sleep was highest among female and black students, and students in grades 11 and 12. |
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