Last data update: Jun 24, 2024. (Total: 47078 publications since 2009)
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Evaluation of the field performance of ImmunoCard STAT! rapid diagnostic test for rotavirus in Dadaab refugee camp and at the Kenya-Somalia Border
Ope M , Nyoka R , Unshur A , Oyier FO , Mowlid SA , Owino B , Ochieng SB , Okello CI , Montgomery JM , Wagacha B , Galev A , Abdow A , Esona MD , Tate J , Fitter D , Cookson ST , Arunmozhi B , Marano N . Am J Trop Med Hyg 2017 96 (6) 1302-1306 Rotavirus commonly causes diarrhea in children, leading to hospitalization and even death. Rapid diagnostic tests are feasible alternatives for determining rotavirus outbreaks in refugee camps that have inadequate laboratory capacity.We evaluated the field performance of ImmunoCard STAT! Rotavirus (ICS-RV) in Dadaab Refugee Camp and at the Kenya-Somalia border. From May to December 2014, we prospectively enrolled children aged < 5 years hospitalized with acute diarrhea, defined as >= 3 episodes of loose stool in 24 hours for < 7 days. Stool samples were collected and tested by trained surveillance clerks using ICS-RV per manufacturer's instructions. The field performance characteristics of ICS-RV were evaluated against the gold standard test, PremierTM Rotaclone enzyme immunoassay. The operational characteristics were evaluated usingWorld Health Organization (WHO) ASSURED criteria to determine whether ICS-RV is appropriate as a point-of-care test by administering a standard questionnaire and observing surveillance clerks performing the test. We enrolled 213 patients with a median age of 10 months (range = 1-48); 58.2%weremale. A total of 71 (33.3%) and 60 (28.2%) patients tested positive for rotavirus infection by immunoassay and ICS-RV, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of ICS-RV compared with the immunoassay were 83.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 72.3-91.0), 99.3% (95% CI = 96.1-100), 98.3% (95% CI = 91.1-100), and 92.1% (95% CI = 86.6-95.5), respectively. The ICS-RV fulfilled theWHO ASSURED criteria for point-of-care testing. ICS-RV is a field-ready point-of-care test with good field performance and operational characteristics. It can be useful in determining rotavirus outbreaks in resource-limited settings. |
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