Last data update: Dec 09, 2024. (Total: 48320 publications since 2009)
Records 1-3 (of 3 Records) |
Query Trace: Nkwemu K[original query] |
---|
Reaching transgender populations in Zambia for HIV prevention and linkage to treatment using community-based service delivery
Mwango L , Toeque MG , Lindsay B , Tembo K , Sakala H , Reggee S , Malunga SM , Kabwe M , Kafunda I , Olufunso A , Mwila A , Okuku J , Kancheya N , Nkwemu K , Mumba D , Hachaambwa L , Sheneberger R , Blanco N , Lavoie MC , Stafford KA , Claassen CW . J Int AIDS Soc 2022 25 Suppl 5 e25995 INTRODUCTION: Transgender and gender-diverse communities in Zambia are highly vulnerable and experience healthcare differently than cisgender persons. The University of Maryland, Baltimore (UMB) supports projects in Zambia to improve HIV case-finding, linkage and antiretroviral treatment (ART) for Zambia's transgender community. We describe programme strategies and outcomes for HIV prevention, testing and ART linkage among transgender communities. METHODS: UMB utilizes a differentiated service delivery model whereby community health workers (CHWs) recruited from key populations (KPs) reach community members through a peer-to-peer approach, with the support of local transgender civil society organizations (CSOs) and community gatekeepers. Peer CHWs are trained and certified as HIV testers and psychosocial counsellors to offer counselling with HIV testing and prevention services in identified safe spaces. HIV-negative people at risk of HIV infection are offered pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), while those who test positive for HIV are linked to ART services. CHWs collect data using the standardized facility and community tools and a dedicated DHIS2 database system. We conducted a descriptive analysis examining HIV testing and prevention outcomes using proportions and comparisons by time period and geographic strata. RESULTS: From October 2020 to June 2021, across Eastern, Lusaka, Western and Southern Provinces, 1860 transgender persons were reached with HIV prevention messages and services. Of these, 424 (23%) were tested for HIV and 78 (18%) tested positive. Of the 346 HIV-negative persons, 268 (78%) eligible transgender individuals were initiated on PrEP. ART linkage was 97%, with 76 out of the 78 transgender individuals living with HIV initiating treatment. Programme strategies that supported testing and linkage included peer CHWs, social network strategy testing, same-day ART initiation and local KP CSO support. Challenges included non-transgender-friendly environments, stigma and discrimination, the high transiency of the transgender community and the non-availability of transgender-specific health services, such as hormonal therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Peer KP CHWs were able to reach many members of the transgender community, providing safe HIV testing, PrEP services and linkage to care. Focusing on community gatekeepers and CSOs to disburse health messages and employ welcoming strategies supported high linkage to both PrEP and ART for transgender people in Zambia. |
Increase in antiretroviral therapy enrollment among persons with HIV infection during the Lusaka HIV treatment surge - Lusaka Province, Zambia, January 2018-June 2019
Boyd MA , Shah M , Barradas DT , Herce M , Mulenga LB , Lumpa M , Ishimbulo S , Saadani A , Mumba M , Essiet-Gibson I , Tally L , Minchella P , Kancheya N , Mwila A , Zyambo K , Chungu C , Chanda S , Mbewe W , Zulu I , Siansalama T , Mweebo K , Nkwemu K , Simpungwe J , Medley A , Sikazwe I , Mwale C , Agolory S , Ellerbrock T . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2020 69 (31) 1039-1043 Within Zambia, a landlocked country in southern-central Africa, the highest prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is in Lusaka Province (population 3.2 million), where approximately 340,000 persons are estimated to be infected (1). The 2016 Zambia Population-based HIV Impact Assessment (ZAMPHIA) estimated the adult HIV prevalence in Lusaka Province to be 15.7%, with a 62.7% viral load suppression rate (HIV-1 RNA <1,000 copies/mL) (2). ZAMPHIA results highlighted remaining treatment gaps in Zambia overall and by subpopulation. In January 2018, Zambia launched the Lusaka Province HIV Treatment Surge (Surge project) to increase enrollment of persons with HIV infection onto antiretroviral therapy (ART). The Zambia Ministry of Health (MoH), CDC, and partners analyzed the U.S. President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) Monitoring and Evaluation Reporting data set to assess the effectiveness of the first 18 months of the Surge project (January 2018-June 2019). During this period, approximately 100,000 persons with positive test results for HIV began ART. These new ART clients were more likely to be persons aged 15-24 years. In addition, the number of persons with documented viral load suppression doubled from 66,109 to 134,046. Lessons learned from the Surge project, including collaborative leadership, efforts to improve facility-level performance, and innovative strategies to disseminate successful practices, could increase HIV treatment rates in other high-prevalence settings. |
Index and targeted community-based testing to optimize HIV case finding and ART linkage among men in Zambia
Mwango LK , Stafford KA , Blanco NC , Lavoie MC , Mujansi M , Nyirongo N , Tembo K , Sakala H , Chipukuma J , Phiri B , Nzangwa C , Mwandila S , Nkwemu KC , Saadani A , Mwila A , Herce ME , Claassen CW . J Int AIDS Soc 2020 23 Suppl 2 e25520 INTRODUCTION: Current healthcare systems fail to provide adequate HIV services to men. In Zambia, 25% of adult men living with HIV were unaware of their HIV status in 2018, and 12% of those who were unaware of their HIV statu were not receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) due to pervasive barriers to HIV testing services (HTS) and linkage to ART. To identify men and key and priority populations living with HIV in Zambia, and link them to care and treatment, we implemented the Community Impact to Reach Key and Underserved Individuals for Treatment and Support (CIRKUITS) project. We present HTS and ART linkage results from the first year of CIRKUITS. METHODS: CIRKUITS aimed to reach beneficiaries by training, mentoring, and deploying community health workers to provide index testing services and targeted community HTS. Community leaders and workplace supervisors were engaged to enable workplace HTS for men. To evaluate the effects of these interventions, we collected age- and sex-disaggregated routinely collected programme data for the first 12 months of the project (October 2018 to September 2019) across 37 CIRKUITS-supported facilities in three provinces. We performed descriptive statistics and estimated index cascades for indicators of interest, and used Chi square tests to compare indicators by age, sex, and district strata. RESULTS: Over 12 months, CIRKUITS tested 38,255 persons for HIV, identifying 10,974 (29%) new people living with HIV, of whom 10,239 (93%) were linked to ART. Among men, CIRKUITS tested 18,336 clients and identified 4458 (24%) as HIV positive, linked 4132 (93%) to ART. Men who tested HIV negative were referred to preventative services. Of the men found HIV positive, and 13.0% were aged 15 to 24 years, 60.3% were aged 25 to 39, 20.9% were aged 40 to 49 and 5.8% were ≥50 years old. Index testing services identified 2186 (49%) of HIV-positive men, with a positivity yield of 40% and linkage of 88%. Targeted community testing modalities accounted for 2272 (51%) of HIV-positive men identified, with positivity yield of 17% and linkage of 97%. CONCLUSIONS: Index testing and targeted community-based HTS are effective strategies to identify men living with HIV in Zambia. Index testing results in higher yield, but lower linkage and fewer absolute men identified compared to targeted community-based HTS. |
- Page last reviewed:Feb 1, 2024
- Page last updated:Dec 09, 2024
- Content source:
- Powered by CDC PHGKB Infrastructure