Last data update: Sep 16, 2024. (Total: 47680 publications since 2009)
Records 1-5 (of 5 Records) |
Query Trace: Nguyen ML [original query] |
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Pilot study of markers for high-grade anal dysplasia in a southern cohort from the Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS)
Lahiri CD , Nguyen ML , Mehta CC , Mosunjac M , Tadros T , Unger ER , Rajeevan MS , Richards J , Ofotokun I , Flowers L . Clin Infect Dis 2019 70 (6) 1121-1128 BACKGROUND: Anal cancer rates have increased, particularly in HIV-positive (HIV+) women. We assessed factors associated with anal precancer in HIV+ and at-risk HIV-negative (ARHIVN) women from the Atlanta Women's Interagency HIV Study Cohort. METHODS: All participants underwent high resolution anoscopy, anal cytology (AC) and had anal (AS) and cervical (CS) samples collected. Specimens were tested for 37 HPV types and for FAM19A4 and microRNA124-2 promoter methylation. Binary logistic regression and multivariate analysis were conducted with histologic anal high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (A-HSIL) as the dependent variable. RESULTS: Seventy-five women enrolled: 52(69%) were HIV+ with three-fourths having undetectable viral load, 64(86%) were black, with mean age 49+/-8 years. Forty-nine (65%) AC samples were abnormal, and 38(51%) of AS were positive for at least one of 13 high-risk HPV (hrHPV) types. Thirteen (18%) anal biopsies identified A-HSIL. Hypermethylation of FAM19A4 and/or microRNA124-2 was found in 69 (95%) AS and 19(26%) CS. In multivariate analyses, the odds of having A-HSIL were over 6 times higher in women with anal hrHPV (aOR 6.08, 95% CI 1.27-29.18, p=0.02) and with positive cervical methylation (aOR 6.49, 95% CI 1.66-25.35, p=0.007), but not significantly higher in women with positive anal methylation. CONCLUSIONS: Anal hrHPV and promoter hypermethylation in the cervix show promise as biomarkers for anal cancer screening in HIV+ and ARHIVN women. Greater understanding of gene silencing by promoter hypermethylation in anal carcinogenesis is needed. |
Outcomes and follow-up of patients treated for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Orel, Russia, 2002-2005
Cavanaugh JS , Kazennyy BY , Nguyen ML , Kiryanova EV , Vitek E , Khorosheva TM , Nemtsova E , Cegielski JP . Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2012 16 (8) 1069-74 SETTING: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment facility, Orel Oblast, Russian Federation. OBJECTIVES: To determine factors associated with poor outcome and to document status of patients after recording of TB outcomes. DESIGN: Retrospective review of prospective single cohort. RESULTS: Among 192 patients, factors significantly associated with poor outcome in multivariate analysis include three or more treatment interruptions during the intensive phase of therapy and alcohol or drug addiction (adjusted OR [aOR] 2.1, 95%CI 1.0-4.3 and aOR 1.9, 95%CI 1.0-3.7). Previous treatment was associated with poor outcome, but only among smear-positive patients (aOR 3.1, 95%CI 1.3-7.3). Ten patients (5%) developed extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB) during treatment; of 115 patients with at least 6 months of follow-up data after outcomes were recorded, 13 (11%) developed XDR-TB. CONCLUSION: Interventions focused on supporting patient adherence during the intensive phase of treatment; the management of drug and alcohol addiction should be developed and studied. A substantial proportion of patients developed XDR-TB during and after treatment. Longer term follow-up data of patients treated for MDR-TB are needed to better inform programmatic policy. |
Discordance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis rifampin susceptibility
Kalokhe AS , Shafiq M , Lee JC , Metchock B , Posey JE , Ray SM , Anderson A , Wang YF , Nguyen ML . Emerg Infect Dis 2012 18 (3) 537-9 TO THE EDITOR: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB), i.e., TB resistant to at least the 2 most effective first-line antituberculous drugs (isoniazid [INH] and rifampin [RIF]), is increasing globally. World Health Organization estimations of 390,000-510,000 new MDR TB cases and 150,000 related deaths in 2008 highlight the need for timely drug susceptibility testing and improved therapies (1). Although novel rapid drug susceptibility testing tools are increasingly available, their clinical applicability is unsettled. We report a patient with pulmonary TB relapse with discordant genotypic and in vitro phenotypic drug susceptibility testing results associated with a mutation outside the RIF resistance determining region (RRDR) of the rpoB gene. |
Oral sampling and human papillomavirus genotyping in HIV-infected patients.
Steinau M , Reddy D , Sumbry A , Reznik D , Gunthel CJ , Del Rio C , Lennox JL , Unger ER , Nguyen ML . J Oral Pathol Med 2011 41 (4) 288-91 BACKGROUND: Oral human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with several health complications especially in combination with HIV infections. Screening may be useful, but methodologies and results have varied widely in previous studies. We conducted a pilot study in an HIV-positive population to evaluate HPV detection in four different oral sample types. METHODS: Upon enrollment, an oral-rinse (OR) sample was collected in 10 ml saline. Additional samples of the buccal mucosa, tonsils, and oral lesion if present were collected with cytology brushes. DNA was extracted using LC-MagNAPure, and the Linear Array HPV genotyping Assay (Roche) was used for HPV genotyping. RESULTS: In samples from 100 HIV-positive participants, HPV was detected in 39 (%) of the oral rinses, 13 (%) mucosal and 11 (12.9%) tonsil brushings. Of seven lesion brushings collected, four were HPV positive. All participants with HPV detected in mucosal, tonsil, or lesion brushings were also positive in the OR sample. Among the rinse samples, 27 different genotypes were detected with HPV84 (n = 6), HPV55 (n = 5), and HPV83 (n = 5) being the most common. Multiple infections were detected in 17 samples (range 2-9, mean 1.9 types). As potential cofactors, only receptive oral sex was significantly associated with HPV (P = 0.018, odds ratio 2.9, 95% CI 1.2-6.9). CONCLUSION: Sampling is a significant factor for oral prevalence studies. Oral rinse provides the best representation for HPV in the oral cavity. To evaluate associated cofactors other than receptive oral sex, larger studies with case-control design are necessary. J Oral Pathol Med (2011) |
Factors associated with positive tuberculin skin test results among HIV-infected persons in Orel Oblast, Russia
Vitek E , Gusseinova N , Laricheva N , Vasiliev S , Molotilov V , Sofronova R , Kazionny B , Cegielski P , Nguyen ML , Nelson L , Agerton T , Wells C . Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2009 13 (7) 829-35 BACKGROUND: The treatment of persons living with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune-deficiency syndrome (PLWHAs) for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) reduces tuberculosis (TB) morbidity. Despite a high TB burden and an expanding human immunodeficiency virus epidemic, Russia had limited data on the utility of the tuberculin skin test (TST) for LTBI diagnosis in PLWHAs. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and predictors of positive TSTs in PLWHAs in Orel Oblast. METHODS: A total of 150 consenting PLWHAs being followed up at the AIDS Center were administered a TST and a questionnaire for risk factors for LTBI. A positive TST result was defined as >or=5 mm induration. RESULTS: Of the 150 subjects, 67% were male and 74% were aged <30 years. Of the PLWHAs tested, 26% had a positive TST result, while among PLWHAs with CD4(+) >500 cells/ml, 36% were TST-positive. TST positivity varied inversely with CD4(+) cell count. Among PLWHAs with a history of injection drug use, the primary risk factor for HIV, 29 (31.9%) were positive. CONCLUSIONS: A high proportion of tested PLWHAs had a positive TST and could benefit from preventive therapy (PT) to reduce the risk of TB. A TB control programme in Russia should therefore include TST screening among PLWHAs and PT, besides active TB case finding and treatment. |
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