Last data update: Jun 03, 2024. (Total: 46935 publications since 2009)
Records 1-6 (of 6 Records) |
Query Trace: Maw KL [original query] |
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Supplemental Vitamin D Increased Serum Total 25-Hydroxyvitamin D in the US Adult Population During 2007-2014
Schleicher RL , Sternberg MR , Potischman N , Gahche JJ , Storandt RJ , Maw KL , Pfeiffer CM . J Nutr 2021 151 (8) 2446-2454 BACKGROUND: Data from the 2007-2010 NHANES suggested that vitamin D supplements contributed to increased serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] in the US population. OBJECTIVES: We sought to determine whether 25(OH)D continued to increase during NHANES 2011-2014 and whether associations of 25(OH)D with preselected covariates differed across time periods. METHODS: For this study, 25(OH)D was measured in adults (≥20 y) using LC-MS/MS. Descriptive and regression analyses were stratified by survey period to investigate the effects of age, race-Hispanic origin, sex, season, BMI, dietary vitamin D, and vitamin D-containing supplements. A multiple linear regression model was used to assess 25(OH)D changes between two 4-y survey periods, namely 2007-2010 and 2011-2014. RESULTS: We observed several significant concomitant increases between 2007-2010 and 2011-2014: unadjusted mean 25(OH)D increased by 2.7 nmol/L (95% CI: 0, 5.4 nmol/L; P = 0.048), the percentage of persons taking any vitamin D-containing supplements increased 2.9% (95% CI: 0.03, 5.5%; P = 0.0314), and the percentage of persons taking high-dose (≥1000 IU/d) vitamin D-containing supplements increased 8.6% (95% CI: 6.9, 9.9%; P < 0.0001). With covariate adjustment, the increase in 25(OH)D from 2007-2010 to 2011-2014 was no longer statistically significant [1.4 nmol/L (95% CI: -3.0, 0.23 nmol/L; P = 0.09)]. After adjustments, several large differences in 25(OH)D remained, namely non-Hispanic blacks had 25(OH)D 22 nmol/L lower than that of non-Hispanic whites, and users of vitamin D-containing supplements ≥1000 IU/d had 25(OH)D 31 nmol/L higher than that of nonusers. CONCLUSIONS: After adjusting for vitamin D supplement dose, the overall adjusted increase in 25(OH)D was no longer statistically significant, suggesting that changes in US adults' 25(OH)D concentrations between NHANES periods 2007-2010 and 2011-2014 may primarily be associated with changes in vitamin D supplementation. |
Quality specifications and their daily application to evaluate the accuracy of reference measurements for serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D2
Mineva EM , Sternberg MR , Pfeiffer CM , Momin SS , Maw KL , Schleicher RL . Clin Chim Acta 2018 487 241-249 BACKGROUND: Reference measurement procedures (RMP) have rigorous accuracy specifications. For total 25-hydroxyvitamin D, 25(OH)D, bias </=1.7% and CV </=5% are recommended. These quality specifications are impractical for minor analytes, such as 25(OH)D2. Furthermore, documentation on RMP quality performance specifications for the individual 25(OH)D metabolites and their daily application are missing. METHODS: To assess accuracy, we used zeta-scores. Daily, 5-10 specimens (duplicate) and 3 reference materials (singleton or duplicate) were measured for 25(OH)D3 and 25(OH)D2 using JCTLM-accepted LC-MS/MS RMPs. Protocols were repeated on 3-4 occasions to generate campaign results. We used separate zeta-score acceptability criteria for daily (</=|2|) and campaign (</=|1|) evaluations. Allowable imprecision was determined experimentally. RESULTS: Across 7 campaigns, unacceptable daily zeta-scores required repeating 2 runs for 25(OH)D3 and 5 runs for 25(OH)D2. Hence, the zeta-scores of acceptable reference material results indicated high accuracy. The allowable imprecision for the RMPs was </=5% (daily) and</=3% (campaign) for 25(OH)D3 and</=7% (daily) and</=4% (campaign) for 25(OH)D2, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Using zeta-scores and experimentally derived imprecision, we developed a straightforward approach to assess the acceptability of individual 25(OH)D reference measurements, providing also much-needed practical accuracy specifications for 25(OH)D2. |
Development of an improved standard reference material for vitamin D metabolites in human serum
Phinney KW , Tai SS , Bedner M , Camara JE , Chia RRC , Sander LC , Sharpless KE , Wise SA , Yen JH , Schleicher RL , Chaudhary-Webb M , Maw KL , Rahmani Y , Betz JM , Merkel J , Sempos CT , Coates PM , Durazo-Arvizu RA , Sarafin K , Brooks SPJ . Anal Chem 2017 89 (9) 4907-4913 The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has developed Standard Reference Material (SRM) 972a Vitamin D Metabolites in Frozen Human Serum as a replacement for SRM 972, which is no longer available. SRM 972a was developed in collaboration with the National Institutes of Health's Office of Dietary Supplements. In contrast to the previous reference material, three of the four levels of SRM 972a are composed of unmodified human serum. This SRM has certified and reference values for the following 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] species: 25(OH)D2, 25(OH)D3, and 3-epi-25(OH)D3. The value assignment and certification process included three isotope-dilution mass spectrometry approaches, with measurements performed at NIST and at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The value assignment methods employed have been modified from those utilized for the previous SRM, and all three approaches now incorporate chromatographic resolution of the stereoisomers, 25(OH)D3 and 3-epi-25(OH)D3. |
The vitamin D status of the US population from 1988 to 2010 using standardized serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D shows recent modest increases
Schleicher RL , Sternberg MR , Lacher DA , Sempos CT , Looker AC , Durazo-Arvizu RA , Yetley EA , Chaudhary-Webb M , Maw KL , Pfeiffer CM , Johnson CL . Am J Clin Nutr 2016 104 (2) 454-61 BACKGROUND: Temporal trends in the US population's vitamin D status have been uncertain because of nonstandardized serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] measurements. OBJECTIVE: To accurately assess vitamin D status trends among those aged ≥12 y, we used data from the cross-sectional NHANESs. DESIGN: A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for measuring 25(OH)D (sum of 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3), calibrated to standard reference materials, was used to predict LC-MS/MS-equivalent concentrations from radioimmunoassay data (1988-2006 surveys; n = 38,700) and to measure LC-MS/MS concentrations (2007-2010 surveys; n = 12,446). Weighted arithmetic means and the prevalence of 25(OH)D above or below cutoff concentrations were calculated to evaluate long-term trends. RESULTS: Overall, mean predicted 25(OH)D showed no time trend from 1988 to 2006, but during 2007-2010 the mean measured 25(OH)D was 5-6 nmol/L higher. Those groups who showed the largest 25(OH)D increases (7-11 nmol/L) were older, female, non-Hispanic white, and vitamin D supplement users. During 1988-2010, the proportions of persons with 25(OH)D <40 nmol/L were 14-18% (overall), 46-60% (non-Hispanic blacks), 21-28% (Mexican Americans), and 6-10% (non-Hispanic whites). CONCLUSIONS: An accurate method for measuring 25(OH)D showed stable mean concentrations in the US population (1988-2006) and recent modest increases (2007-2010). Although it is unclear to what extent supplement usage compared with different laboratory methods explain the increases in 25(OH)D, the use of higher vitamin D supplement dosages coincided with the increase. Marked race-ethnic differences in 25(OH)D concentrations were apparent. These data provide the first standardized information about temporal trends in the vitamin D status of the US population. |
National estimates of serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D and metabolite concentrations measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in the US opulation during 2007-2010
Schleicher RL , Sternberg MR , Looker AC , Yetley EA , Lacher DA , Sempos CT , Taylor CL , Durazo-Arvizu RA , Maw KL , Chaudhary-Webb M , Johnson CL , Pfeiffer CM . J Nutr 2016 146 (5) 1051-61 BACKGROUND: The 2007-2010 NHANES provides the first US nationally representative serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations measured by standardized liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. OBJECTIVE: We describe patterns for total 25(OH)D and individual metabolites in persons aged ≥1 y stratified by race-ethnicity and grouped by demographic, intake, physiologic, and lifestyle variables. METHODS: We measured 25-hydroxycholecalciferol [25(OH)D3], 25-hydroxyergocalciferol [25(OH)D2], and C3-epimer of 25(OH)D3[C3-epi-25(OH)D3] in serum samples (n= 15,652) from the 2007-2010 cross-sectional NHANES [total 25(OH)D = 25(OH)D3+ 25(OH)D2]. RESULTS: Concentrations (median, detection rate) of 25(OH)D3(63.6 nmol/L, 100%) and C3-epi-25(OH)D3(3.40 nmol/L, 86%) were generally detectable; 25(OH)D2was detectable in 19% of the population. Total 25(OH)D, 25(OH)D3, and C3-epi-25(OH)D3displayed similar demographic patterns and were strongly correlated (Spearman'sr> 0.70). Concentrations of 25(OH)D2(90th percentile) were much higher in persons aged ≥60 y (17.3 nmol/L) than in younger age groups (≤4.88 nmol/L). We noted significant race-ethnicity differences in mean total 25(OH)D [non-Hispanic blacks (NHBs), Hispanics, and non-Hispanic whites (NHWs): 46.6, 57.2, and 75.2 nmol/L, respectively] and in the prevalence of total 25(OH)D <30 nmol/L overall (24% of NHBs, 6.4% of Hispanics, and 2.3% of NHWs) as well as stratified by season (winter months: 30% of NHBs, 7.5% of Hispanics, and 3.8% of NHWs; summer months: 17% of NHBs, 4.4% of Hispanics, and 1.6% of NHWs). Persons with higher vitamin D intakes (diet, supplements, or both) and those examined during May-October had significantly higher total 25(OH)D. Significant race-ethnicity interactions in a multiple linear regression model confirmed the necessity of providing race-ethnicity-specific estimates of total 25(OH)D. CONCLUSIONS: Race-ethnicity differences in the prevalence of low total 25(OH)D remained strong even after adjustment for season to account for the NHANES design imbalance between season, latitude, and race-ethnicity. The strong correlation between C3-epi-25(OH)D3and 25(OH)D3may be because the epimer is a metabolite of 25(OH)D3.The presence of 25(OH)D2mainly in older persons is likely a result of high-dose prescription vitamin D2. |
A candidate reference measurement procedure for quantifying serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and 25-hydroxyvitamin D using isotope-dilution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
Mineva EM , Schleicher RL , Chaudhary-Webb M , Maw KL , Botelho JC , Vesper HW , Pfeiffer CM . Anal Bioanal Chem 2015 407 (19) 5615-24 The inaccuracy of routine serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D measurements hampers the interpretation of data in patient care and public health research. We developed and validated a candidate reference measurement procedure (RMP) for highly accurate quantitation of two clinically important 25-hydroxyvitamin D metabolites in serum, 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 [25(OH)D2] and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3]. The two compounds of interest together with spiked deuterium-labeled internal standards [d 3-25(OH)D2 and d 6-25(OH)D3] were extracted from serum via liquid-liquid extraction. The featured isotope-dilution LC-MS/MS method used reversed-phase chromatography and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization in positive ion mode. A pentafluorophenylpropyl-packed UHPLC column together with isocratic elution allowed for complete baseline resolution of 25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3 from their structural C-3 isomers within 12 min. We evaluated method trueness, precision, potential interferences, matrix effects, limits of quantitation, and measurement uncertainty. Calibration materials were, or were traceable to, NIST Standard Reference Materials 2972. Within-day and total imprecision (CV) averaged 1.9 and 2.0 % for 25(OH)D3, respectively, and 2.4 and 3.5 % for 25(OH)D2, respectively. Mean trueness was 100.3 % for 25(OH)D3 and 25(OH)D2. The limits of quantitation/limits of detection were 4.61/1.38 nmol/L for 25(OH)D3 and 1.46/0.13 nmol/L for 25(OH)D2. When we compared our RMP results to an established RMP using 40 serum samples, we found a nonsignificant mean bias of 0.2 % for total 25(OH)D. This candidate RMP for 25(OH)D metabolites meets predefined method performance specifications (≤5 % total CV and ≤1.7 % bias) and provides sufficient sample throughput to meet the needs of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Vitamin D Standardization Certification Program. Graphical abstract Bias assessment using NIST standard reference materials. Legend CDC mean mass fractions (ng/g) +/- U 95 (6 replicates per mean). NIST-certified mass fractions (ng/g) +/- U 95 from the Certificates of Analysis. |
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