Last data update: Oct 28, 2024. (Total: 48004 publications since 2009)
Records 1-22 (of 22 Records) |
Query Trace: Massey J[original query] |
---|
An update on nonhuman primate usage for drug and vaccine evaluation against filoviruses
de La Vega MA , Xiii A , Massey CS , Spengler JR , Kobinger GP , Woolsey CB . Expert Opin Drug Discov 2024 INTRODUCTION: Due to their faithful recapitulation of human disease, nonhumanprimates (NHPs) are considered the gold standard for evaluating drugs against Ebolavirus and other filoviruses. The long-term goal is to reduce the reliance on NHPswith more ethical alternatives. In silico simulations and organoidmodels have the potential to revolutionize drug testing by providing accurate,human-based systems that mimic disease processes and drug responses without theethical concerns associated with animal testing. However, as these emergingtechnologies are still in their developmental infancy, NHP models are presentlyneeded for late-stage evaluation of filovirus vaccines and drugs, as theyprovide critical insights into the efficacy and safety of new medicalcountermeasures. AREAS COVERED: In this review, the authors introduce available NHP models andexamine the existing literature on drug discovery for all medically significantfiloviruses in corresponding models. EXPERT OPINION: A deliberate shift towards animal-free models is desired to alignwith the 3Rs of animal research. In the short term, the use of NHP models canbe refined and reduced by enhancing replicability and publishingnegative data. Replacement involves a gradual transition, beginning withthe selection and optimization of better small animal models; advancingorganoid systems, and using in silico models to accurately predictimmunological outcomes. |
Evaluation of self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) weight on firefighter stamina, comfort, and postural stability
Kesler RM , Powell J , Nguyen D , Massey KA , Joshi S , Xu S , Zhuang Z , Horn GP , Burd NA , Masoud F . Ergonomics 2024 1-14 Firefighters wear personal protective equipment to protect them from the thermal and chemical environment in which they operate. The self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) provides isolation of the airway from the hazardous fireground. National standards limit SCBA weight, however, integration of additional features could result in an SCBA exceeding the current limit. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of increased SCBA weight on firefighters' physiological responses, work output, dynamic stability, and comfort. Completion of simulated firefighting activities induced a strong physiological response. Peak oxygen consumption was higher with the lightest SCBA than the heaviest SCBA. Few other physiological differences were noted as SCBA weight increased. Importantly, increased SCBA weight resulted in significantly more negative perceptions by the firefighters and a trend towards significance for the duration of work time prior to reaching volitional fatigue. These results should be considered when assessing changes to existing SCBA weight limits. | Increased SCBA weight above existing national standards resulted in negative perceptions by the firefighters, but not significant physiological changes after two simulated bouts of firefighting activity. SCBA weight had a nearly significant impact on the time firefighters worked before reaching volitional fatigue, with heavier SCBA trending towards decreased working time. | eng |
COVID-19 vaccination coverage, and rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19-associated hospitalization among residents in nursing homes - National Healthcare Safety Network, United States, October 2023-February 2024
Franklin D , Barbre K , Rowe TA , Reses HE , Massey J , Meng L , Dollard P , Dubendris H , Stillions M , Robinson L , Clerville JW , Slifka KJ , Benin A , Bell JM . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2024 73 (15) 339-344 Nursing home residents are at increased risk for developing severe COVID-19. Nursing homes report weekly facility-level data on SARS-CoV-2 infections, COVID-19-associated hospitalizations, and COVID-19 vaccination coverage among residents to CDC's National Healthcare Safety Network. This analysis describes rates of incident SARS-CoV-2 infection, rates of incident COVID-19-associated hospitalization, and COVID-19 vaccination coverage during October 16, 2023-February 11, 2024. Weekly rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection ranged from 61.4 to 133.8 per 10,000 nursing home residents. The weekly percentage of facilities reporting one or more incident SARS-CoV-2 infections ranged from 14.9% to 26.1%. Weekly rates of COVID-19-associated hospitalization ranged from 3.8 to 7.1 per 10,000 residents, and the weekly percentage of facilities reporting one or more COVID-19-associated hospitalizations ranged from 2.6% to 4.7%. By February 11, 2024, 40.5% of nursing home residents had received a dose of the updated 2023-2024 COVID-19 vaccine that was first recommended in September 2023. Although the peak rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection among nursing home residents was lower during the 2023-24 respiratory virus season than during the three previous respiratory virus seasons, nursing home residents continued to be disproportionately affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection and related severe outcomes. Vaccination coverage remains suboptimal in this population. Ongoing surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 infections and COVID-19-associated hospitalizations in this population is necessary to develop and evaluate evidence-based interventions for protecting nursing home residents. |
Prevalence of COVID-19 and long COVID in collegiate student athletes from Spring 2020 to Fall 2021: A retrospective survey
Massey D , Saydah S , Adamson B , Lincoln A , Aukerman DF , Berke EM , Sikka R , Krumholz HM . BMC Infect Dis 2023 23 (1) 876 BACKGROUND: Symptomatic COVID-19 and Long COVID, also referred to as post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC) or post-COVID conditions, have been widely reported in young, healthy people, but their prevalence has not yet been determined in student athletes. We sought to estimate the prevalence of reported COVID-19, symptomatic COVID-19, and Long COVID in college athletes in the United States attending 18 schools from spring 2020 to fall 2021. METHODS: We developed an online survey to measure the prevalence of student athletes who tested positive for COVID-19, developed Long COVID, and did not return to their sport during the relevant time period. We surveyed a convenience sample of 18 collegiate school administrators, representing about 7,000 student athletes. Of those schools surveyed, 16 responded regarding the spring 2020 semester, and 18 responded regarding the full academic year of fall 2020 to spring 2021 (both semesters). RESULTS: According to the survey responses, there were 9.8% of student athletes who tested positive for COVID-19 in spring 2020 and 25.4% who tested positive in the academic year of fall 2020 to spring 2021. About 4% of student athletes who tested positive from spring 2020 to spring 2021 developed Long COVID, defined as new, recurring, or ongoing physical or mental health consequences occurring 4 or more weeks after SARS-CoV-2 infection. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights that Long COVID occurs among young, healthy athletes and is a real consequence of COVID-19. Understanding the prevalence of Long COVID in this population requires longer follow-up and further study. |
Influenza and up-to-date COVID-19 vaccination coverage among health care personnel - National Healthcare Safety Network, United States, 2022-23 Influenza Season
Bell J , Meng L , Barbre K , Haanschoten E , Reses HE , Soe M , Edwards J , Massey J , Tugu Yagama Reddy GR , Woods A , Stuckey MJ , Kuhar DT , Bolden K , Dubendris H , Wong E , Rowe T , Lindley MC , Kalayil EJ , Benin A . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2023 72 (45) 1237-1243 The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommends that health care personnel (HCP) receive an annual influenza vaccine and that everyone aged ≥6 months stay up to date with recommended COVID-19 vaccination. Health care facilities report vaccination of HCP against influenza and COVID-19 to CDC's National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN). During January-June 2023, NHSN defined up-to-date COVID-19 vaccination as receipt of a bivalent COVID-19 mRNA vaccine dose or completion of a primary series within the preceding 2 months. This analysis describes influenza and up-to-date COVID-19 vaccination coverage among HCP working in acute care hospitals and nursing homes during the 2022-23 influenza season (October 1, 2022-March 31, 2023). Influenza vaccination coverage was 81.0% among HCP at acute care hospitals and 47.1% among those working at nursing homes. Up-to-date COVID-19 vaccination coverage was 17.2% among HCP working at acute care hospitals and 22.8% among those working at nursing homes. There is a need to promote evidence-based strategies to improve vaccination coverage among HCP. Tailored strategies might also be useful to reach all HCP with recommended vaccines and protect them and their patients from vaccine-preventable respiratory diseases. |
Temporally associated invasive pneumococcal disease and SARS-CoV-2 infection, Alaska, USA, 2020-2021
Newell K , Fischer M , Massey S , Orell L , Steinberg J , Tompkins M , Castrodale L , McLaughlin J . Emerg Infect Dis 2023 29 (9) 1765-1771 Streptococcus pneumoniae can co-infect persons who have viral respiratory tract infections. However, research on S. pneumoniae infections that are temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 infections is limited. We described the epidemiology and clinical course of patients who had invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and temporally associated SARS-CoV-2 infections in Alaska, USA, during January 1, 2020-December 23, 2021. Of 271 patients who had laboratory-confirmed IPD, 55 (20%) had a positive SARS-CoV-2 test result. We observed no major differences in age, race, sex, or underlying medical conditions among IPD patients with and without SARS-CoV-2. However, a larger proportion of IPD patients with SARS-CoV-2 died (16%, n = 9) than for those with IPD alone (4%, n = 9) (p<0.01). IPD patients with SARS-CoV-2 were also more likely to be experiencing homelessness (adjusted OR 3.5; 95% CI 1.7-7.5). Our study highlights the risk for dual infection and ongoing benefits of pneumococcal and COVID-19 vaccination, especially among vulnerable populations. |
Comparative transcriptomic analysis of insecticide-resistant Aedes aegypti from Puerto Rico reveals insecticide-specific patterns of gene expression
Derilus D , Impoinvil LM , Muturi EJ , McAllister J , Kenney J , Massey SE , Hemme R , Kothera L , Lenhart A . Genes (Basel) 2023 14 (8) Aedes aegypti transmits major arboviruses of public health importance, including dengue, chikungunya, Zika, and yellow fever. The use of insecticides represents the cornerstone of vector control; however, insecticide resistance in Ae. aegypti has become widespread. Understanding the molecular basis of insecticide resistance in this species is crucial to design effective resistance management strategies. Here, we applied Illumina RNA-Seq to study the gene expression patterns associated with resistance to three widely used insecticides (malathion, alphacypermethrin, and lambda-cyhalothrin) in Ae. aegypti populations from two sites (Manatí and Isabela) in Puerto Rico (PR). Cytochrome P450s were the most overexpressed detoxification genes across all resistant phenotypes. Some detoxification genes (CYP6Z7, CYP28A5, CYP9J2, CYP6Z6, CYP6BB2, CYP6M9, and two CYP9F2 orthologs) were commonly overexpressed in mosquitoes that survived exposure to all three insecticides (independent of geographical origin) while others including CYP6BY1 (malathion), GSTD1 (alpha-cypermethrin), CYP4H29 and GSTE6 (lambda-cyhalothrin) were uniquely overexpressed in mosquitoes that survived exposure to specific insecticides. The gene ontology (GO) terms associated with monooxygenase, iron binding, and passive transmembrane transporter activities were significantly enriched in four out of six resistant vs. susceptible comparisons while serine protease activity was elevated in all insecticide-resistant groups relative to the susceptible strain. Interestingly, cuticular-related protein genes (chinase and chitin) were predominantly downregulated, which was also confirmed in the functional enrichment analysis. This RNA-Seq analysis presents a detailed picture of the candidate detoxification genes and other pathways that are potentially associated with pyrethroid and organophosphate resistance in Ae. aegypti populations from PR. These results could inform development of novel molecular tools for detection of resistance-associated gene expression in this important arbovirus vector and guide the design and implementation of resistance management strategies. |
Prevalence of COVID-19 and Long COVID in Collegiate Student Athletes from Spring 2020 to Fall 2021: A Retrospective Survey (preprint)
Massey D , Saydah S , Adamson B , Lincoln A , Aukerman DF , Berke EM , Sikka R , Krumholz HM . medRxiv 2022 16 Symptomatic COVID-19 and post-COVID conditions, also referred to as post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC) or Long COVID, have been widely reported in young, healthy people, but their prevalence has not yet been determined in student athletes. We surveyed a convenience sample of 18 collegiate school administrators, representing about 7,000 student athletes. According to their survey responses, 9.8% of student athletes tested positive for COVID-19 in spring 2020 and 25.4% tested positive in the academic year of fall 2020 to spring 2021. About 4% of student athletes who tested positive from spring 2020 to spring 2021 developed Long COVID, defined as new, recurring, or ongoing physical or mental health consequences occurring 4 or more weeks after SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study highlights that Long COVID occurs in healthy collegiate athletes and merits a larger study to determine population-wide prevalence. Copyright The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. |
Communication preferences of parents and caregivers of children and youth with special healthcare needs during a hypothetical infectious disease emergency
Hipper TJ , Popek L , Davis RK , Turchi RM , Massey PM , Lege-Matsuura J , Lubell KM , Pechta L , Briseo L , Rose DA , Chatham-Stephens K , Leeb RT , Chernak E . Health Secur 2022 20 (6) 467-478 Children and youth with special healthcare needs are at risk for severe consequences during infectious disease emergencies. Messages for parents and caregivers from trusted sources, via preferred channels, that contain the information they need, may improve health outcomes for this population. In this mixed methods study, we conducted a survey (N=297) and 80 semistructured interviews, with 70 caregivers of children and youth and 10 young adults with special healthcare needs, between April 2018 and June 2019 in Pennsylvania. The survey presented 3 scenarios (ie, storm, disease outbreak, radiation event); the interviews included questions about storms and an outbreak. This article addresses only the disease outbreak data from each set. Participants were recruited through convenience samples from an urban tertiary care children's hospital and practices in a statewide medical home network. In this article, we summarize the preferred information sources, channels, and content needs of caregivers of children and youth with special healthcare needs during an infectious disease emergency. Nearly 84% of caregivers reported that they believe their child's doctor is the best source of information. Other preferred sources include medical experts (31%); the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (30%); friends, family, and neighbors (21%); and local or state health and emergency management (17%). Pediatric healthcare providers play an important role in providing information to parents and caregivers of children and youth with special healthcare needs during an infectious disease emergency. Public health agencies can establish health communication plans that integrate medical practices and other reliable sources to promote the dissemination of accurate information from trusted messengers. |
Epidemiology of invasive Haemophilus influenzae serotype a disease in the North American Arctic, 2006-2017
Zulz T , Huang G , Rudolph K , DeByle C , Tsang R , Desai S , Massey S , Bruce MG . Int J Circumpolar Health 2022 81 (1) 2150382 Invasive Haemophilus influenzae type a (iHia) disease was detected in Alaska and Northern Canada in 2002 and 2000, respectively. From 2006 to 2017, 164 iHia cases (Alaska=53, Northern Canada=111) were reported. Rates of iHia disease per 100,000 persons were higher in Northern Canada compared to Alaska and were significantly higher in Indigenous (Alaska 2.8, Northern Canada 9.5) compared to non-Indigenous populations (Alaska 0.1, Northern Canada=0.4). Disease rates were highest in Indigenous children <2 years of age (Alaska 56.2, Northern Canada=144.1) and significantly higher than in non-Indigenous children <2 (Alaska 0.1, Northern Canada 0.4). The most common clinical presentation in children <5 years was meningitis of age and pneumonia in persons ≥5 years old. Most patients were hospitalised (Alaska=87%, Northern Canada=89%) and fatality was similar (Alaska=11%, Northern Canada=10%). MLST testing showed sequence types ST23 and ST576 in Northern Canada and ST576, ST23 and ST56 in Alaska. Alaska and Northern Canada have high rates of iHia disease. A vaccine is needed in these regions to protect young children. |
Monkeypox in a Traveler Returning from Nigeria - Dallas, Texas, July 2021.
Rao AK , Schulte J , Chen TH , Hughes CM , Davidson W , Neff JM , Markarian M , Delea KC , Wada S , Liddell A , Alexander S , Sunshine B , Huang P , Honza HT , Rey A , Monroe B , Doty J , Christensen B , Delaney L , Massey J , Waltenburg M , Schrodt CA , Kuhar D , Satheshkumar PS , Kondas A , Li Y , Wilkins K , Sage KM , Yu Y , Yu P , Feldpausch A , McQuiston J , Damon IK , McCollum AM . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2022 71 (14) 509-516 Monkeypox is a rare, sometimes life-threatening zoonotic infection that occurs in west and central Africa. It is caused by Monkeypox virus, an orthopoxvirus similar to Variola virus (the causative agent of smallpox) and Vaccinia virus (the live virus component of orthopoxvirus vaccines) and can spread to humans. After 39 years without detection of human disease in Nigeria, an outbreak involving 118 confirmed cases was identified during 2017-2018 (1); sporadic cases continue to occur. During September 2018-May 2021, six unrelated persons traveling from Nigeria received diagnoses of monkeypox in non-African countries: four in the United Kingdom and one each in Israel and Singapore. In July 2021, a man who traveled from Lagos, Nigeria, to Dallas, Texas, became the seventh traveler to a non-African country with diagnosed monkeypox. Among 194 monitored contacts, 144 (74%) were flight contacts. The patient received tecovirimat, an antiviral for treatment of orthopoxvirus infections, and his home required large-scale decontamination. Whole genome sequencing showed that the virus was consistent with a strain of Monkeypox virus known to circulate in Nigeria, but the specific source of the patient's infection was not identified. No epidemiologically linked cases were reported in Nigeria; no contact received postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) with the orthopoxvirus vaccine ACAM2000. |
A 5-step land reuse and redevelopment model: Resources to spur local initiatives
Berman L , Ballogg M , Erdal S . J Environ Health 2019 81 (6) 36-38 People who live near, or access land reuse sites such as brownfields1 often experience disproportionate exposure to environmental pollution, which can result in poor health outcomes, including higher rates of chronic disease; toxic exposures (e.g., mercury or lead based paint) that result in adverse health effects; and cancer (Massey. 2004), (New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Seivices. 2007), (DeLeon & Schilling, Urban Blight and Public Health, 2017). To address health risks and exposures related to land reuse sites, for over a decade, the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) internally integrated a public health model in land reuse and redevelopment, the 5-step Land Reuse Strategy to Safely Reuse Land and Improve Health (5-step Land Reuse Model). | | In June 2015, ATSDR introduced the 5-step Land Reuse Model during a 3-day training facilitated by the American Public Health Association. The purpose of the training was to introduce the ATSDR 5-Step Land Reuse Model as a national model that could expand resources for health-focused land reuse at the local level. |
Relationship of racial residential segregation to newly diagnosed cases of HIV among black heterosexuals in US metropolitan areas, 2008-2015
Ibragimov U , Beane S , Adimora AA , Friedman SR , Williams L , Tempalski B , Stall R , Wingood G , Hall HI , Johnson AS , Cooper HLF . J Urban Health 2018 96 (6) 856-867 Social science and public health literature has framed residential segregation as a potent structural determinant of the higher HIV burden among black heterosexuals, but empirical evidence has been limited. The purpose of this study is to test, for the first time, the association between racial segregation and newly diagnosed heterosexually acquired HIV cases among black adults and adolescents in 95 large US metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) in 2008-2015. We operationalized racial segregation (the main exposure) using Massey and Denton's isolation index for black residents; the outcome was the rate of newly diagnosed HIV cases per 10,000 black adult heterosexuals. We tested the relationship of segregation to this outcome using multilevel multivariate models of longitudinal (2008-2015) MSA-level data, controlling for potential confounders and time. All covariates were lagged by 1 year and centered on baseline values. We preliminarily explored mediation of the focal relationship by inequalities in education, employment, and poverty rates. Segregation was positively associated with the outcome: a one standard deviation decrease in baseline isolation was associated with a 16.2% reduction in the rate of new HIV diagnoses; one standard deviation reduction in isolation over time was associated with 4.6% decrease in the outcome. Exploratory mediation analyses suggest that black/white socioeconomic inequality may mediate the relationship between segregation and HIV. Our study suggests that residential segregation may be a distal determinant of HIV among black heterosexuals. The findings further emphasize the need to address segregation as part of a comprehensive strategy to reduce racial inequities in HIV. |
The development and testing of a module on child functioning for identifying children with disabilities on surveys. II: Question development and pretesting
Massey M . Disabil Health J 2018 11 (4) 502-509 BACKGROUND: This paper is part of a series of articles documenting the development of a module on child functioning by UNICEF in collaboration with the Washington Group on Disability Statistics (WG). This paper documents the contribution of Cognitive Interview (CI) question evaluation methods to the development of the final module. OBJECTIVE: The overall goal of this project was to develop a cross-nationally comparable module to measure child functioning and disability. Specifically, the goals of the question evaluation study were to investigate question interpretation, sources of error and bias and to use the results iteratively in the development of the final module. METHODS: As is standard in CI studies, data were gathered through one-one-one, in-depth interviews. A total of four rounds of testing, comprising 385 Cognitive Interviews, were conducted across six countries. Qualitative data analysis methods were used to identify patterns of question interpretation and areas of potential error and bias among sub-groups of respondents. RESULTS: Through an iterative process of testing and revision, analytic findings from these interviews were used to guide decisions on question inclusion, revision and deletion. Four types of revisions were made: 1) changing, deleting or adding specific words; 2) moving, deleting or adding clarifying phrases; 3) revising or deleting items for conceptual clarity; and 4) adding examples. CONCLUSIONS: These efforts to reduce error and bias resulted in a validated module that can provide cross-nationally comparable measures of child functioning. |
The disaster information needs of families of children with special healthcare needs: A scoping review
Hipper TJ , Davis R , Massey PM , Turchi RM , Lubell KM , Pechta LE , Rose DA , Wolkin A , Briseno L , Franks JL , Chernak E . Health Secur 2018 16 (3) 178-192 Families with children who have access and mobility challenges, chronic illness, or intellectual or developmental disabilities require targeted messages before, during, and after disasters to ensure that they understand risks to their children's health and can take measures to avoid harm and build resilience. A scoping review was conducted to assess current evidence for optimal ways to address the disaster information needs and communication preferences of families with children and youth with special healthcare needs. The disaster information needs of such families remain understudied, with few published evidence-based practices. Much of the relevant research focuses on information content, specifically the preparedness needs of these families; disaster recovery information for them remains a major gap. The few studies that have been performed suggest that parents with children and youth with special healthcare needs require additional information, education, and training to develop an effective disaster preparedness plan for their children. They are also largely unaware of schools' disaster plans, and schools are often unable to meet parents' expectations for timely, accurate information during a disaster. Several guidance documents highlighted the importance of completing an emergency information form before an event. Several studies suggested that one-on-one education or counseling was a strategy for encouraging preparedness planning; others highlighted potential value in incorporating families directly into disaster risk reduction planning. Evidence about channel preferences and their effectiveness in this population was generally lacking. Future studies should expand the evidence basis for optimal communication during all disaster phases both with parents of children and youth with special healthcare needs and with children directly. |
Hospital, maternal, and birth factors associated with hepatitis B vaccination at birth - West Virginia, 2015
Massey J , Nair A , Dietz S , Snaman D , Bixler D . Pediatr Infect Dis J 2018 37 (7) 691-696 BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a bloodborne pathogen typically transmitted through sexual contact, injection drug use, or perinatally. A hepatitis B vaccine (HepB) is available; the first dose is recommended at birth. We sought to identify hospital policy, maternal characteristics, and birth factors associated with HepB receipt at birth in West Virginia (WV). METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of WV live births in 2015 using vital records matched to immunization registry records to determine frequency of HepB birth dose receipt (<3 days postdelivery). We surveyed all WV birthing facilities in 2015 (N = 26) about perinatal HBV prevention policies. We examined associations of hospital policy, maternal characteristics, and birth factors with HepB receipt at birth by using a mixed-effects regression model to calculate adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: Of 17,458 births, 14,006 (80.2%) infants received a HepB birth dose. Hospital use of preprinted newborn routine admission vaccination orders was associated with HepB birth dose receipt (aPR 10.60; 95% CI, 2.12-52.72). Not using illicit drugs during pregnancy, maternal age <35 years, and weekday births were associated with HepB birth dose receipt (aPR 1.81, 95% CI, 1.54-2.13; aPR 1.34, 95% CI, 1.17-1.54; and aPR 1.15, 95% CI, 1.03-1.28, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Hospitals using preprinted admission orders had higher frequencies of HepB birth dose receipt. Additional study is needed to identify HepB birth dose receipt barriers among infants with maternal illicit drug use, maternal age >/=35 years, or deliveries during a weekend. |
Opioid overdose outbreak - West Virginia, August 2016
Massey J , Kilkenny M , Batdorf S , Sanders SK , Ellison D , Halpin J , Gladden RM , Bixler D , Haddy L , Gupta R . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2017 66 (37) 975-980 On August 15, 2016, the Mayor's Office of Drug Control Policy in Huntington, West Virginia, notified the Cabell-Huntington Health Department (CHHD) of multiple calls regarding opioid overdose received by the emergency medical system (EMS) during 3 p.m.-8 p.m. that day. A public health investigation and response conducted by the West Virginia Bureau for Public Health (BPH) and CHHD identified 20 opioid overdose cases within a 53-hour period in Cabell County; all cases included emergency department (ED) encounters. EMS personnel, other first responders, and ED providers administered the opioid antidote naloxone to 16 (80%) patients, six of whom were administered multiple doses, suggesting exposure to a highly potent opioid. No patients received referral for recovery support services. In addition to the public health investigation, a public safety investigation was conducted; comprehensive opioid toxicology testing of clinical specimens identified the synthetic opioid fentanyl* and novel fentanyl analogs, including carfentanil,dagger which had been used by patients who overdosed in Huntington. Results of these two investigations highlight the importance of collaboration between public health and public safety agencies to provide in-depth surveillance data from opioid overdose outbreaks that involve high-potency fentanyl analogs. These data facilitated a public health response through increased awareness of powerful opioid substances requiring multiple naloxone doses for reversal, and improved patient linkage to recovery support services and a harm reduction program from the ED after opioid overdose. |
Notes from the Field: Health Care-Associated Outbreak of Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis - West Virginia, 2015
Massey J , Henry R , Minnich L , Lamson DM , St George K . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016 65 (14) 382-3 On September 4, 2015, the West Virginia Bureau for Public Health (WVBPH) was notified by an urban ophthalmology practice of 13 patients with epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) diagnosed during the preceding 3 weeks. EKC is an eye infection characterized by severe inflammation of the conjunctiva and cornea, and can result in vision loss (1). Pathogens commonly detected in EKC outbreaks are human adenovirus (HAdV) serotypes 8, 19, and 37, which are spread person-to-person or by fomites; no vaccines or effective antiviral treatments are available (2). HAdVs that cause EKC are resistant to desiccation and certain common surface disinfectants (3). Incubation periods of approximately 14 days, prolonged viral shedding, and persistence of live virus on some surfaces for up to 30 days (3) hamper outbreak prevention and control efforts. EKC often occurs simultaneously in health care settings and the community (2). EKC is not a reportable disease and outbreak reporting is often delayed (2); the incidence in West Virginia is unknown. |
Assessment of immigrant certified nursing assistants' communication when responding to standardized care challenges
Massey M , Roter DL . Patient Educ Couns 2015 99 (1) 44-50 OBJECTIVE: Certified nursing assistants (CNAs) provide 80% of the hands-on care in US nursing homes; a significant portion of this work is performed by immigrants with limited English fluency. This study is designed to assess immigrant CNA's communication behavior in response to a series of virtual simulated care challenges. METHODS: A convenience sample of 31 immigrant CNAs verbally responded to 9 care challenges embedded in an interactive computer platform. The responses were coded with the Roter Interaction Analysis System (RIAS), CNA instructors rated response quality and spoken English was rated. RESULTS: CNA communication behaviors varied across care challenges and a broad repertoire of communication was used; 69% of response content was characterized as psychosocial. Communication elements (both instrumental and psychosocial) were significant predictors of response quality for 5 of 9 scenarios. Overall these variables explained between 13% and 36% of the adjusted variance in quality ratings. CONCLUSION: Immigrant CNAs responded to common care challenges using a variety of communication strategies despite fluency deficits. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Virtual simulation-based observation is a feasible, acceptable and low cost method of communication assessment with implications for supervision, training and evaluation of a para-professional workforce. |
A demonstration project in New York and Virginia: retrofitting cost-effective roll-over protective structures (CROPS) on tractors
Hard DL , McKenzie EA Jr , Cantis D , May J , Sorensen J , Bayes B , Madden E , Wyckoff S , Stone B , Maass J . J Agric Saf Health 2015 21 (3) 173-185 The NIOSH cost-effective roll-over protective structure (CROPS) demonstration project sought to determine whether three prototype roll-over protective structures (ROPS) designed to be retrofitted on Ford 8N, Ford 3000, Ford 4000, and Massey Ferguson 135 tractors could be installed in the field and whether they would be acceptable by the intended end users (farmers). There were a total of 50 CROPS demonstrators (25 in New York and 25 in Virginia), with 45 observers attending the New York CROPS demonstrations and 36 observers attending the Virginia CROPS demonstrations, for a total of 70 participants in New York and 61 in Virginia. The oldest retrofitted tractors were 77 to 62 years old, while the newest retrofitted tractors were 40 to 37 years old. The most frequently retrofitted tractor in the CROPS demonstration project was a Ford 3000 series tractor (n = 19; 38%), followed by Ford 4000 (n = 11; 22%), Massey Ferguson 135 (n = 11; 22%), and Ford 8N (n = 9; 18%). A major issue of CROPS retrofitting was the rear wheel fenders. The effort involved in disassembling the fenders (removing the old bolts was often faster by cutting them with a torch), modifying the fender mounting brackets, and then reinstalling the fenders with the CROPS generally required the most time. In addition, various other semi-permanent equipment attachments, such as frontend loaders, required additional time and effort to fit with the CROPS. Demonstrators were asked to rank the reasons why they had not retrofitted their tractors with ROPS until they had enrolled in the CROPS demonstration program. ROPS "cost too much" was ranked as the primary reason for participants in both states (80% for New York and 88% for Virginia). The second highest ranked reasons were "ROPS wasn't available" for Virginia (80%) and "hassle to find ROPS" for New York (69%). The third highest ranked reasons were "not enough time to find ROPS" for New York (67%) and "hassle to find ROPS" for Virginia (79%). All demonstrators and observers indicated that they were glad to have participated in the CROPS project. |
The Global Trachoma Mapping Project: methodology of a 34-country population-based study
Solomon AW , Pavluck AL , Courtright P , Aboe A , Adamu L , Alemayehu W , Alemu M , Alexander ND , Kello AB , Bero B , Brooker SJ , Chu BK , Dejene M , Emerson PM , Flueckiger RM , Gadisa S , Gass K , Gebre T , Habtamu Z , Harvey E , Haslam D , King JD , Mesurier RL , Lewallen S , Lietman TM , MacArthur C , Mariotti SP , Massey A , Mathieu E , Mekasha A , Millar T , Mpyet C , Muñoz BE , Ngondi J , Ogden S , Pearce J , Sarah V , Sisay A , Smith JL , Taylor HR , Thomson J , West SK , Willis R , Bush S , Haddad D , Foster A . Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2015 22 (3) 214-25 PURPOSE: To complete the baseline trachoma map worldwide by conducting population-based surveys in an estimated 1238 suspected endemic districts of 34 countries. METHODS: A series of national and sub-national projects owned, managed and staffed by ministries of health, conduct house-to-house cluster random sample surveys in evaluation units, which generally correspond to "health district" size: populations of 100,000-250,000 people. In each evaluation unit, we invite all residents aged 1 year and older from h households in each of c clusters to be examined for clinical signs of trachoma, where h is the number of households that can be seen by 1 team in 1 day, and the product h x c is calculated to facilitate recruitment of 1019 children aged 1-9 years. In addition to individual-level demographic and clinical data, household-level water, sanitation and hygiene data are entered into the purpose-built LINKS application on Android smartphones, transmitted to the Cloud, and cleaned, analyzed and ministry-of-health-approved via a secure web-based portal. The main outcome measures are the evaluation unit-level prevalence of follicular trachoma in children aged 1-9 years, prevalence of trachomatous trichiasis in adults aged 15 + years, percentage of households using safe methods for disposal of human feces, and percentage of households with proximate access to water for personal hygiene purposes. RESULTS: In the first year of fieldwork, 347 field teams commenced work in 21 projects in 7 countries. CONCLUSION: With an approach that is innovative in design and scale, we aim to complete baseline mapping of trachoma throughout the world in 2015. |
Molecular sub-typing suggests that the environment of rehabilitation centers may be a potential source of Aspergillus fumigatus infecting rehabilitating seabirds
Burco JD , Etienne KA , Massey JG , Ziccardi MH , Balajee SA . Med Mycol 2012 50 (1) 91-98 Aspergillosis remains a major cause of infection-related avian mortality in birds that are debilitated and undergoing rehabilitation for release into the wild. This study was designed to understand the source of avian aspergillosis in seabirds undergoing rehabilitation at selected northern California aquatic bird rehabilitation centers. Air, surface and water sampling was performed between August 2007 and July 2008 in three such centers and selected natural seabird loafing sites. Average air Aspergillus fumigatus counts were at least nine times higher in samples obtained from the rehabilitation sites (M = 7.34, SD = 9.78 CFU/m(3)), when compared to those found at natural sites (M = 0.76, SD = 2.24 CFU/m(3)), t (205) = -5.99, P < 0.001. A total of 37 A. fumigatus isolates from birds with confirmed aspergillosis and 42 isolates from environmental samples were identified using both morphological and molecular methods, and subsequently sub-typed using an eight-locus microsatellite panel with the neighbor joining algorithm. Results of the study demonstrated the presence of five clonal groups, 13 genotypically related clusters, and 59 distinct genotypes. Six of the 13 genotypically related clusters contained matching genotypes between clinical isolates and local environmental isolates from the rehabilitation center in which these birds were housed. We present evidence that the environment of rehabilitation centers may be a source for A. fumigatus infection in rehabilitated seabirds. (2012 ISHAM.) |
- Page last reviewed:Feb 1, 2024
- Page last updated:Oct 28, 2024
- Content source:
- Powered by CDC PHGKB Infrastructure