Last data update: Oct 28, 2024. (Total: 48004 publications since 2009)
Records 1-7 (of 7 Records) |
Query Trace: Malenfant JH[original query] |
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A public, cross-reactive glycoprotein epitope confounds Ebola virus serology
Kainulainen MH , Harmon JR , Karaaslan E , Kyondo J , Whitesell A , Twongyeirwe S , Malenfant JH , Baluku J , Kofman A , Bergeron É , Waltenburg MA , Nyakarahuka L , Balinandi S , Cossaboom CM , Choi MJ , Shoemaker TR , Montgomery JM , Spiropoulou CF . J Med Virol 2024 96 (10) e29946 Ebola disease (EBOD) in humans is a severe disease caused by at least four related viruses in the genus Orthoebolavirus, most often by the eponymous Ebola virus. Due to human-to-human transmission and incomplete success in treating cases despite promising therapeutic development, EBOD is a high priority in public health research. Yet despite almost 50 years since EBOD was first described, the sources of these viruses remain undefined and much remains to be understood about the disease epidemiology and virus emergence and spread. One important approach to improve our understanding is detection of antibodies that can reveal past human infections. However, serosurveys routinely describe seroprevalences that imply infection rates much higher than those clinically observed. Proposed hypotheses to explain this difference include existence of common but less pathogenic strains or relatives of these viruses, misidentification of EBOD as something else, and a higher proportion of subclinical infections than currently appreciated. The work presented here maps B-cell epitopes in the spike protein of Ebola virus and describes a single epitope that is cross-reactive with an antigen seemingly unrelated to orthoebolaviruses. Antibodies against this epitope appear to explain most of the unexpected reactivity towards the spike, arguing against common but unidentified infections in the population. Importantly, antibodies of cross-reactive donors from within and outside the known EBOD geographic range bound the same epitope. In light of this finding, it is plausible that epitope mapping enables broadly applicable specificity improvements in the field of serology. |
Recombinant Sudan virus and evaluation of humoral cross-reactivity between Ebola and Sudan virus glycoproteins after infection or rVSV-ΔG-ZEBOV-GP vaccination
Kainulainen MH , Harmon JR , Whitesell AN , Bergeron E , Karaaslan E , Cossaboom CM , Malenfant JH , Kofman A , Montgomery JM , Choi MJ , Albariño CG , Spiropoulou CF . Emerg Microbes Infect 2023 12 (2) 2265660 Ebola disease outbreaks are major public health events because of human-to-human transmission and high mortality. These outbreaks are most often caused by Ebola virus, but at least three related viruses can also cause the disease. In 2022, Sudan virus re-emerged causing more than 160 confirmed and probable cases. This report describes generation of a recombinant Sudan virus and demonstrates its utility by quantifying antibody cross-reactivity between Ebola and Sudan virus glycoproteins after human infection or vaccination with a licensed Ebola virus vaccine. |
Rio Negro virus infection, Bolivia, 2021
Loayza Mafayle R , Morales-Betoulle ME , Whitmer S , Cossaboom C , Revollo J , Loayza NM , Méndez HA , Chuquimia Valdez JA , Subieta FA , Espinoza Morales MX , Canedo Sánchez MV , Romero MER , Brault AC , Hugues HR , Mendez-Rico J , Malenfant JH , Shoemaker T , Klena JD , Montgomery JM , Marquina Salas JD . Emerg Infect Dis 2023 29 (8) 1705-1708 In May 2021, an agricultural worker originally from Trementinal, Argentina, sought treatment for febrile illness in Tarija, Bolivia, where he resided at the time of illness onset. The patient tested negative for hantavirus RNA, but next-generation sequencing of a serum sample yielded a complete genome for Rio Negro virus. |
Acute kidney injury among children likely associated with diethylene glycol-contaminated medications - The Gambia, June-September 2022
Bastani P , Jammeh A , Lamar F , Malenfant JH , Adewuyi P , Cavanaugh AM , Calloway K , Crisp C , Fofana N , Hallett TC , Jallow A , Muoneke U , Nyassi M , Thomas J , Troeschel A , Yard E , Yeh M , Bittaye M . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2023 72 (9) 217-222 On July 26, 2022, a pediatric nephrologist alerted The Gambia's Ministry of Health (MoH) to a cluster of cases of acute kidney injury (AKI) among young children at the country's sole teaching hospital, and on August 23, 2022, MoH requested assistance from CDC. CDC epidemiologists arrived in The Gambia, a West African country, on September 16 to assist MoH in characterizing the illness, describing the epidemiology, and identifying potential causal factors and their sources. Investigators reviewed medical records and interviewed caregivers to characterize patients' symptoms and identify exposures. The preliminary investigation suggested that various contaminated syrup-based children's medications contributed to the AKI outbreak. During the investigation, MoH recalled implicated medications from a single international manufacturer. Continued efforts to strengthen pharmaceutical quality control and event-based public health surveillance are needed to help prevent future medication-related outbreaks. |
Chapare Hemorrhagic Fever and Virus Detection in Rodents in Bolivia in 2019.
LoayzaMafayle R , Morales-Betoulle ME , Romero C , Cossaboom CM , Whitmer S , AlvarezAguilera CE , AvilaArdaya C , CruzZambrana M , DvalosAnajia A , MendozaLoayza N , Montao AM , MoralesAlvis FL , RevolloGuzmn J , SasasMartnez S , AlarcnDeLaVega G , MedinaRamrez A , MolinaGutirrez JT , CornejoPinto AJ , SalasBacci R , Brignone J , Garcia J , Aez A , Mendez-Rico J , Luz K , Segales A , TorrezCruz KM , Valdivia-Cayoja A , Amman BR , Choi MJ , Erickson BR , Goldsmith C , Graziano JC , Joyce A , Klena JD , Leach A , Malenfant JH , Nichol ST , Patel K , Sealy T , Shoemaker T , Spiropoulou CF , Todres A , Towner JS , Montgomery JM . N Engl J Med 2022 386 (24) 2283-2294 BACKGROUND: In June 2019, the Bolivian Ministry of Health reported a cluster of cases of hemorrhagic fever that started in the municipality of Caranavi and expanded to La Paz. The cause of these cases was unknown. METHODS: We obtained samples for next-generation sequencing and virus isolation. Human and rodent specimens were tested by means of virus-specific real-time quantitative reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction assays, next-generation sequencing, and virus isolation. RESULTS: Nine cases of hemorrhagic fever were identified; four of the patients with this illness died. The etiologic agent was identified as Mammarenavirus Chapare mammarenavirus, or Chapare virus (CHAPV), which causes Chapare hemorrhagic fever (CHHF). Probable nosocomial transmission among health care workers was identified. Some patients with CHHF had neurologic manifestations, and those who survived had a prolonged recovery period. CHAPV RNA was detected in a variety of human body fluids (including blood; urine; nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal, and bronchoalveolar-lavage fluid; conjunctiva; and semen) and in specimens obtained from captured small-eared pygmy rice rats (Oligoryzomys microtis). In survivors of CHHF, viral RNA was detected up to 170 days after symptom onset; CHAPV was isolated from a semen sample obtained 86 days after symptom onset. CONCLUSIONS: M. Chapare mammarenavirus was identified as the etiologic agent of CHHF. Both spillover from a zoonotic reservoir and possible person-to-person transmission were identified. This virus was detected in a rodent species, O. microtis. (Funded by the Bolivian Ministry of Health and others.). |
Use of Ebola vaccine: Expansion of recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices to include two additional populations - United States, 2021
Malenfant JH , Joyce A , Choi MJ , Cossaboom CM , Whitesell AN , Harcourt BH , Atmar RL , Villanueva JM , Bell BP , Hahn C , Loehr J , Davey RT , Sprecher A , Kraft CS , Shoemaker T , Montgomery JM , Helfand R , Damon IK , Frey SE , Chen WH . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2022 71 (8) 290-292 On December 19, 2019, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP Ebola vaccine (ERVEBO, Merck) for the prevention of Ebola virus disease (EVD) caused by infection with Ebola virus, species Zaire ebolavirus, in adults aged ≥18 years. In February 2020, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommended preexposure vaccination with ERVEBO for adults aged ≥18 years in the United States who are at highest risk for potential occupational exposure to Ebola virus because they are responding to an outbreak of EVD, work as health care personnel at federally designated Ebola treatment centers in the United States, or work as laboratorians or other staff members at biosafety level 4 facilities in the United States (1). |
Investigation of a Suspect SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza A Mixed Outbreak: Lessons Learned for Long-Term Care Facilities Nationwide.
Schrodt CA , Malenfant JH , Hunter JC , Slifka KJ , Campbell A , Stone N , Whitehouse ER , Wittry B , Christensen B , Barnes JR , Brammer L , Hemarajata P , Green NM , Civen R , Gounder PP , Rao AK . Clin Infect Dis 2021 73 S77-S80 A suspected outbreak of influenza A and SARS-CoV-2 at a long-term care facility in Los Angeles County was months later, determined to not involve influenza. To prevent inadvertent transmission of infections, facilities should use highly specific influenza diagnostics and follow CDC guidelines that specifically address infection control challenges. |
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