Last data update: Jun 17, 2024. (Total: 47034 publications since 2009)
Records 1-4 (of 4 Records) |
Query Trace: Majeed B [original query] |
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Cross-sectional study and genotyping of rotavirus-A infections in ruminants in Kuwait.
Abdou NMI , Majeed QAH , Saad AA , Mijatovic-Rustempasic S , Bowen MD , Samy A . BMC Vet Res 2021 17 (1) 245 ![]() BACKGROUND: Group A rotaviruses (RVA) are zoonotic pathogens responsible for acute enteritis in human and neonatal ruminants. This research aimed to determine the prevalence of RVA in ruminants (cattle, sheep, and goats) and investigate the circulating RVA genotypes in these animals in Kuwait. We conducted a cross-sectional study to detect RVA in ruminants, using an immunochromatography test (IC), direct sandwich ELISA test, and real-time RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) assay using fecal samples. RESULTS: A total of 400 cattle, 334 sheep, and 222 goats were examined. The prevalence of RVA was 5.3, 1.2, and 2.3%, respectively, using IC. The ELISA test detected RVA from 4.3% of cattle, 0.9% of sheep, and 1.8% of goats. There was a significant association between the occurrence of diarrhea and the presence of RVA in bovine fecal samples (p-value = 0.0022), while no statistical association between diarrhea and the presence of RVA in fecal samples of sheep and goats was observed (p-value = 0.7250; p-value = 0.4499, respectively). Twenty-three of the IC-positive samples (17 from cattle, two from sheep, and four from goats) were tested using a RT-qPCR RVA detection assay targeting the NSP3 gene. The results showed that 21 of 23 IC-positive samples tested positive by RT-qPCR. Detection of RVA genotypes revealed that G10P[11] was the predominant strain in cattle (58.8%), followed by G8P[1] (11.7%). One sheep sample was genotyped as G8P[1]. In addition, G6P[1] and G6P[14] were detected in goat samples. CONCLUSION: The present study revealed that the IC was more sensitive in detecting RVA antigen in fecal samples than the ELISA test. A higher occurrence of RVA infection was observed in cattle than in sheep and goats. This study suggests that RVA might be a risk factor of diarrhea in bovine calves less than 2 weeks old. This research also demonstrates the circulation of RVA in sheep and goat populations in Kuwait. Finally, the G10P[11] RVA genotype was the most prevalent genotype identified from cattle samples. |
Epidemiological observations on cryptosporidiosis and molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. in sheep and goats in Kuwait.
Majeed QAH , El-Azazy OME , Abdou NMI , Al-Aal ZA , El-Kabbany AI , Tahrani LMA , AlAzemi MS , Wang Y , Feng Y , Xiao L . Parasitol Res 2018 117 (5) 1631-1636 ![]() Molecular epidemiological analysis of cryptosporidiosis in Middle Eastern countries suggests that small ruminants could play a major role in the transmission of Cryptosporidium spp. to humans, with a dominance of Cryptosporidium parvum, especially its IId subtypes. However, little information is available on the epidemiology and risk factors of cryptosporidiosis as well the distribution of Cryptosporidium species/genotypes and subtypes in small ruminants in this area, including Kuwait. In the present study, 47 farms from several areas in Kuwait were visited once during October 2014 to September 2015 to collect data on risk factors associated with Cryptosporidium infection. Fecal samples from 334 sheep and 222 goats were examined for Cryptosporidium oocysts by Ziehl-Neelsen staining (ZN) and antigens by enzymatic immunoassay (EIA). The Cryptosporidium prevalence was higher when samples were examined by EIA than ZN (11.4 and 7.2% in sheep and goats by EIA, compared with 4.2 and 3.6% by ZN, respectively). Young age (less than 3 months) and closed housing system are risk factors of Cryptosporidium infection. A correlation between fecal consistency and the occurrence of Cryptosporidium spp. was observed; non-formed fecal samples were often found positive. Molecular characterization of 30 ovine and caprine samples using PCR-RFLP analysis of the small subunit rRNA gene revealed the presence of C. parvum in 23 samples, Cryptosporidium ubiquitum in five samples, and Cryptosporidium xiaoi in two samples. Sequence analysis of C. parvum at the 60 KDa glycoprotein gene locus identified two subtypes, IIaA15G2R1 and IIdA20G1, with the latter being more common (in 2 and 20 successfully subtyped samples, respectively). Only one subtype of C. ubiquitum (XIIa) was recorded. Cryptosporidiosis in small ruminants apparently poses public health problem in Kuwait. |
Morbidity and mortality of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in Iraq: cases reported to the National Surveillance System, 1990-2010
Majeed B , Dicker R , Nawar A , Badri S , Noah A , Muslem H . Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2012 106 (8) 480-3 Although Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is endemic in the Middle East, its incidence in Iraq has not been well described since the early 1980s. To document trends and patterns of CCHF occurrence, we analyzed CCHF case reports from Iraq's National Surveillance System in 2010 and aggregate reports from previous years. A suspected case was defined as fever, hemorrhagic symptoms and a history of animal contact. Serologic testing was conducted for confirmation. Between 1998 and 2009, the annual number of confirmed cases ranged from zero to six. In 2010, 11 confirmed and 28 suspected cases were reported. The case fatality rate was 36% among confirmed cases, 4% among suspected cases. Most confirmed cases occurred during a three-week period in a single province. While CCHF is uncommon in Iraq, sporadic cases and outbreaks do occur. Surveillance could be strengthened by updating the case definition and case investigation forms. |
The persisting burden of visceral leishmaniasis in Iraq: data of the National Surveillance System, 1990-2009
Majeed B , Sobel J , Nawar A , Badri S , Muslim H . Epidemiol Infect 2012 141 (2) 1-4 Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is an endemic parasitic disease transmitted by the bite of sand flies. To describe trends and demographics of reported VL cases, we reviewed surveillance data from 1990-2009. Reported VL incidence per 100 000 population was 2.6 in 2007, 3.1 in 2008, and 4.8 in 2009, mostly in children aged <5 years. The number of cases varied greatly in step with prevailing economic and security conditions, raising concerns about the completeness and quality of surveillance data. Nevertheless, we conclude that VL remains an important endemic disease in Iraq and that surveillance system is recovering the capacity to detect cases as the country experiences greater stability. We recommend conducting formal entomological investigations, and evaluating existing control measures. |
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