Last data update: Sep 16, 2024. (Total: 47680 publications since 2009)
Records 1-5 (of 5 Records) |
Query Trace: Lubitz J [original query] |
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COVID-19 Vaccine Provider Access and Vaccination Coverage Among Children Aged 5-11 Years - United States, November 2021-January 2022.
Kim C , Yee R , Bhatkoti R , Carranza D , Henderson D , Kuwabara SA , Trinidad JP , Radesky S , Cohen A , Vogt TM , Smith Z , Duggar C , Chatham-Stephens K , Ottis C , Rand K , Lim T , Jackson AF , Richardson D , Jaffe A , Lubitz R , Hayes R , Zouela A , Kotulich DL , Kelleher PN , Guo A , Pillai SK , Patel A . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2022 71 (10) 378-383 On October 29, 2021, the Pfizer-BioNTech pediatric COVID-19 vaccine received Emergency Use Authorization for children aged 5-11 years in the United States.() For a successful immunization program, both access to and uptake of the vaccine are needed. Fifteen million doses were initially made available to pediatric providers to ensure the broadest possible access for the estimated 28 million eligible children aged 5-11 years, especially those in high social vulnerability index (SVI)() communities. Initial supply was strategically distributed to maximize vaccination opportunities for U.S. children aged 5-11 years. COVID-19 vaccination coverage among persons aged 12-17 years has lagged (1), and vaccine confidence has been identified as a concern among parents and caregivers (2). Therefore, COVID-19 provider access and early vaccination coverage among children aged 5-11 years in high and low SVI communities were examined during November 1, 2021-January 18, 2022. As of November 29, 2021 (4 weeks after program launch), 38,732 providers were enrolled, and 92% of U.S. children aged 5-11 years lived within 5 miles of an active provider. As of January 18, 2022 (11 weeks after program launch), 39,786 providers had administered 13.3 million doses. First dose coverage at 4 weeks after launch was 15.0% (10.5% and 17.5% in high and low SVI areas, respectively; rate ratio [RR]=0.68; 95% CI=0.60-0.78), and at 11 weeks was 27.7% (21.2% and 29.0% in high and low SVI areas, respectively; RR=0.76; 95% CI=0.68-0.84). Overall series completion at 11 weeks after launch was 19.1% (13.7% and 21.7% in high and low SVI areas, respectively; RR=0.67; 95% CI=0.58-0.77). Pharmacies administered 46.4% of doses to this age group, including 48.7% of doses in high SVI areas and 44.4% in low SVI areas. Although COVID-19 vaccination coverage rates were low, particularly in high SVI areas, first dose coverage improved over time. Additional outreach is critical, especially in high SVI areas, to improve vaccine confidence and increase coverage rates among children aged 5-11 years. |
Trends in the coronary heart disease risk profile of middle-aged adults
Kramarow E , Lubitz J , Francis R Jr . Ann Epidemiol 2012 23 (1) 31-4 PURPOSE: To examine recent trends in the coronary heart disease (CHD) risk profiles of the population aged 45 to 64 in the United States. METHODS: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) from 2 time periods (1988-1994 and 2005-2008) are used to estimate the CHD risk functions derived from the Framingham Heart Study. The risk functions take account of levels of blood pressure (systolic and diastolic), total and high-density lipoprotein serum cholesterol, diabetes (doctor diagnosed or based on fasting glucose), and smoking status to estimate the 10-year risk of myocardial infarction or coronary death. We estimate the risk functions by gender, race, and age group (45-54 and 55-64). RESULTS: The CHD risk profile of middle-aged adults has improved over time. For example, the mean 10-year risk of heart attack or CHD death among persons 55 to 64 years has declined from 7.1% to 5.2%. Declines are seen among both men and women and among non-Hispanic Blacks and non-Hispanic whites. CONCLUSIONS: Despite increases in diabetes and obesity, the CHD risk profile of middle-aged adults improved during the period from 1988-1994 to 2005-2008. |
The predicted effects of chronic obesity in middle age on medicare costs and mortality
Cai L , Lubitz J , Flegal KM , Pamuk ER . Med Care 2010 48 (6) 510-7 BACKGROUND: The prevalence of adult obesity has increased in recent decades. It is important to predict the long-term effect of body weight, and changes in body weight, in middle age on longevity and Medicare costs in older ages. METHODS: The relationships between individuals' characteristics in middle age and subsequent Medicare costs and mortality were estimated from the linkage of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey I Epidemiologic Follow-up Study to Medicare administrative records (1991-2000) and mortality information (1971-2000). We predicted longevity and lifetime Medicare costs via simulation for 45-year-old persons by body weight in 1973 and changes in body weight between 1973 and 1983. RESULTS: Obese 45-year-olds had a smaller chance of surviving to age 65 and, if they did, incurred significantly higher average lifetime Medicare costs than normal-weight 45-year-olds ($163,000 compared with $117,000). Those who remained obese between ages 45 and 55 in 1973 to 1983 incurred significantly higher lifetime Medicare costs than those who maintained normal weight. Other weight change categories did not differ significantly from those who maintained normal weight in terms of life expectancy at age 65, but overweight and obese people who lost weight had less chance of surviving to age 65 and the lowest estimated life expectancies thereafter. CONCLUSIONS: Chronic obesity in middle age increases lifetime Medicare costs relative to those who remained normal weight. As the survival of obese persons improves, it is possible that Medicare costs may rise substantially in the future to meet the health care needs of today's obese middle-aged population. Thus, active engagement by both the private and public sectors to prevent and to reduce obesity are critically needed. |
Estimation of multi-state life table functions and their variability from complex survey data using the SPACE Program
Cai L , Hayward MD , Saito Y , Lubitz J , Hagedorn A , Crimmins E . Demogr Res 2010 22 (6) 129-158 The multistate life table (MSLT) model is an important demographic method to document life cycle processes. In this paper, we present the SPACE (Stochastic Population Analysis for Complex Events) program to estimate MSLT functions and their sampling variability. It has several advantages over other programs, including the use of micro-simulation and the bootstrap method to estimate the variance of MSLT functions. Simulation enables researchers to analyze a broader array of statistics than the deterministic approach, and may be especially advantageous in investigating distributions of MSLT functions. The bootstrap method takes sample design into account to correct the potential bias in variance estimates. |
Long-term trends in Medicare payments in the last year of life
Riley GF , Lubitz JD . Health Serv Res 2010 45 (2) 565-76 OBJECTIVE: To update research on Medicare payments in the last year of life. DATA SOURCES: Continuous Medicare History Sample, containing annual summaries of claims data on a 5 percent sample from 1978 to 2006. STUDY DESIGN: Analyses were based on elderly beneficiaries in fee for service. For each year, Medicare payments were assigned either to decedents (persons in their last year) or to survivors (all others). RESULTS: The share of Medicare payments going to persons in their last year of life declined slightly from 28.3 percent in 1978 to 25.1 percent in 2006. After adjustment for age, sex, and death rates, there was no significant trend. CONCLUSIONS: Despite changes in the delivery of medical care over the last generation, the share of Medicare expenditures going to beneficiaries in their last year has not changed substantially. |
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