Last data update: Sep 23, 2024. (Total: 47723 publications since 2009)
Records 1-2 (of 2 Records) |
Query Trace: Holmes JR [original query] |
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Status of HIV case-based surveillance implementation - 39 U.S. PEPFAR-supported countries, May-July 2019
Holmes JR , Dinh TH , Farach N , Manders EJ , Kariuki J , Rosen DH , Kim AA . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2019 68 (47) 1089-1095 Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) case-based surveillance (CBS) systematically and continuously collects available demographic and health event data (sentinel events*) about persons with HIV infection from diagnosis and, if available, throughout routine clinical care until death, to characterize HIV epidemics and guide program improvement (1,2). Surveillance signals such as high viral load, mortality, or recent HIV infection can be used for rapid public health action. To date, few standardized assessments have been conducted to describe HIV CBS systems globally (3,4). For this assessment, a survey was disseminated during May-July 2019 to all U.S. President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR)-supported countries with CDC presence(dagger) (46) to describe CBS implementation and identify facilitators and barriers. Among the 39 (85%) countries that responded,( section sign) 20 (51%) have implemented CBS, 15 (38%) were planning implementation, and four (10%)( paragraph sign) had no plans for implementation. All countries with CBS reported capturing information at the point of diagnosis, and 85% captured sentinel event data. The most common characteristic (75% of implementation countries) that facilitated implementation was using a health information system for CBS. Barriers to CBS implementation included lack of country policies/guidance on mandated reporting of HIV and on CBS, lack of unique identifiers to match and deduplicate patient-level data, and lack of data security standards. Although most surveyed countries reported implementing or planning for implementation of CBS, these barriers need to be addressed to implement effective HIV CBS that can inform the national response to the HIV epidemic. |
Prevalence of risk and protective factors associated with HIV and HCV infections among male high school students who have sex with males - Hawai'i, 2013, 2015, and 2017
Holmes JR , Clayton HB , Pham T , Asher AK , Starr RR . Hawaii J Med Public Health 2019 78 (6) 191-194 Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections are increasing among young adults, and males who have sex with males (MSM) are at high risk for both infections. Limited Hawai'i data exists on the extent to which populations, such as MSM, are engaging in behaviors that place them at increased risk for either infection. This analysis quantified the proportion of Hawai'i public high school students who are MSM and are at risk for HCV and HIV infections. Data from the 2013, 2015, and 2017 Hawai'i Youth Risk Behavior Surveys (YRBS) were combined (n=16,751) to investigate the prevalence of risk factors associated with HIV and HCV infections (eg, sexual risk behaviors, substance use) and protective factors among MSM public high school students. Among sexually experienced male students (n=3,391), 13.1% were classified as MSM and among these, 40.3% identified as heterosexual despite reporting same-sex sexual contact. Multivariate modeling demonstrated that MSM students are significantly more likely than non-MSM students to engage in behaviors that increase their risk for HIV and HCV infections (composite risk variable; adjusted Prevalence Ratio: 1.40, 95% CI 1.15 - 1.70) and are significantly less likely to have protective factors. Evidence-based prevention strategies for reducing HIV and HCV risk behaviors while improving protective factors among sexual minority youth in Hawai'i are necessary and must address sexual behavior along with other dimensions of sexual orientation. |
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