Last data update: Apr 29, 2024. (Total: 46658 publications since 2009)
Records 1-4 (of 4 Records) |
Query Trace: Hindman B [original query] |
---|
Screening for Excessive Alcohol Consumption in Emergency Departments: A Nationwide Assessment of Emergency Department Physicians.
Uong S , Tomedi LE , Gloppen KM , Stahre M , Hindman P , Goodson VN , Crandall C , Sklar D , Brewer RD . J Public Health Manag Pract 2021 28 (1) E162-E169 OBJECTIVE: To assess current screening practices for excessive alcohol consumption, as well as perceived barriers, perceptions, and attitudes toward performing this screening among emergency department (ED) physicians. DESIGN: A brief online assessment of screening practices for excessive drinking was disseminated electronically to a representative panel of ED physicians from November 2016 to January 2017. Descriptive statistics were calculated on the frequency of alcohol screening, factors affecting screening, and attitudes toward screening. SETTING: An online assessment was sent to a national panel of ED physicians. PARTICIPANTS: A panel of ED physicians who volunteered to be part of the American College of Emergency Physicians Emergency Medicine Practice Research Network survey panel. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The primary outcome measures were the percentage of respondents who reported screening for excessive alcohol consumption and the percentage of respondents using a validated excessive alcohol consumption screening tool. RESULTS: Of the 347 ED physicians evaluated (38.6% response rate), approximately 16% reported "always/usually," 70% "sometimes," and 14% "never" screening adult patients (≥18 years) for excessive alcohol use. Less than 20% of the respondents who screened for excessive drinking used a recommended screening tool. Only 10.5% of all respondents (15.4% "always," 9.5% "sometimes" screened) received an electronic health record (EHR) reminder to screen for excessive alcohol use. Key barriers to screening included limited time (66.2%) and treatment options for patients with drinking problems (43.1%). CONCLUSIONS: Only 1 in 6 ED physicians consistently screened their patients for excessive drinking. Increased use of EHR reminders and other systems interventions (eg, electronic screening and brief intervention) could help improve the delivery of screening and follow-up services for excessive drinkers in EDs. |
Carbon nanotubes and crystalline silica stimulate robust ROS production, inflammasome activation, and IL-1beta secretion in macrophages to induce myofibroblast transformation
Hindman B , Ma Q . Arch Toxicol 2019 93 (4) 887-907 Pulmonary exposure to inhaled particulates elicits complex inflammatory and fibrotic responses that may progress to chronic fibrosis. The fibrogenic potentials of respirable particulates are influenced by their physicochemical properties and their interactions with major pathways to drive fibrotic development in the lung. Macrophages were exposed to six carbon nanotubes (CNTs) of varying dimensions, crystalline silica, or carbon black (CB), with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 as positive controls. Macrophage-conditioned media was collected and applied to cultures of human pulmonary fibroblast line WI38-VA13 to induce myofibroblast transformation. Multi-walled and single-walled CNTs (MWCNTs and SWCNTs, respectively) and silica, but not CB, stimulated robust myofibroblast transformation through macrophage-conditioned media. On an equal weight basis, MWCNTs induced higher induction than SWCNTs. High induction was observed for MWCNTs with a long and slender or a short and rigid shape, and silica, at levels comparable to those by LPS and TGF-beta1. Fibrogenic particulates induced high levels of IL-1beta mRNA expression and protein secretion that are required for macrophage-guided myofibroblast transformation. Induction of IL-1beta is dependent on the activation of the NLRP3 (NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3) inflammasome and ROS (reactive oxygen species) production in macrophages, as inhibition of NLRP3 by MCC950 and reduction of ROS production by N-acetylcysteine blocked NLRP3 activation, IL-1beta induction, and fibroblast activation and differentiation. Therefore, fibrogenic CNTs and silica, but not CB, elicit robust macrophage-guided myofibroblast transformation, which depends on the induction of IL-1beta through the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and the increased production of ROS in macrophages. |
Carbon nanotubes and crystalline silica induce matrix remodeling and contraction by stimulating myofibroblast transformation in a three-dimensional culture of human pulmonary fibroblasts: role of dimension and rigidity
Hindman B , Ma Q . Arch Toxicol 2018 92 (11) 3291-3305 Pulmonary fibrosis is a poorly understood pathologic condition. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are nanomaterials with potentials for broad applications. CNTs can induce pulmonary fibrosis in animals, a cause for concern for exposed workers and consumers. Given the large number of CNTs available on the market and the seemingly infinite number of ways these particles can be modified in ways that may affect toxicity, in vitro models that can be used to quickly and effectively investigate the relative fibrogenicity of CNTs are much needed. Here we analyzed the fibrogenic potentials of six CNTs of varying physical properties and crystalline silica using two- and three-dimensional (2D and 3D, respectively) in vitro models. WI38-VA13 human pulmonary fibroblasts were treated with CNTs or silica, with TGF-beta1, a known inducer of fibroblast differentiation, as positive control. The cells were examined for fibrotic matrix alterations, including myofibroblast transformation, matrix remodeling, and matrix contraction. While all tested CNTs induced myofibroblast differentiation in 2D and 3D cultures, the 3D culture allowed the examination of myofibroblast clustering, collagen deposition and rearrangement, cell division, and matrix contraction in response to fibrogenic exposures, processes critical for fibrosis in vivo. At 1 microg/ml, MWCNTs elicit higher induction of myofibroblast differentiation and matrix remodeling than SWCNTs. Among MWCNTs, those with the highest and lowest aspect ratios produced the largest effects, which were comparable to those by TGF-beta1 and higher than those by silica. Thus, the 3D collagen-based model enables the study of matrix fibrotic processes induced by CNTs and silica particles directly and effectively. |
CDC Grand Rounds: Preventing suicide through a comprehensive public health approach
David-Ferdon C , Crosby AE , Caine ED , Hindman J , Reed J , Iskander J . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016 65 (34) 894-897 Suicide in the United States is a major public health problem with approximately 42,000 reported suicides in 2014 among persons aged >10 years (1). The overall suicide rate is increasing, with a 27% increase from 2000 (12.1 per 100,000 population) to 2014 (15.4 per 100,000) (Figure 1). Males, youths and young adults, and certain racial/ethnic groups have historically had higher rates of suicide. In 2014, suicide rates were approximately four times higher among males (24.3 per 100,000) than females (6.8 per 100,000), and suicide was the second leading cause of death among youths and young adults aged 10-34 years (1). Among persons aged 10-24 years, the 2014 suicide rate among non-Hispanic American Indian/Alaska Natives was 20.2 per 100,000, 1.9 times higher than non-Hispanic whites (10.5 per 100,000), 3.5 times higher than non-Hispanic blacks (5.8 per 100,000), and 3.7 times higher than Hispanics (5.5 per 100,000) (1). Adults aged 35-64 years are an emerging group at risk, with suicide rates increasing 33% since 2000 and accounting for the largest proportion of suicides. |
- Page last reviewed:Feb 1, 2024
- Page last updated:Apr 29, 2024
- Content source:
- Powered by CDC PHGKB Infrastructure