Last data update: Apr 22, 2024. (Total: 46599 publications since 2009)
Records 1-6 (of 6 Records) |
Query Trace: Hamby N [original query] |
---|
Indirect evidence of Bourbon virus (Thogotovirus, Orthomyxoviridae) infection in North Carolina
Komar N , Hamby N , Palamar MB , Staples JE , Williams C . N C Med J 2020 81 (3) 214-215 Bourbon virus (Thogotovirus, Orthomyxoviridae) was discovered in 2014 when a patient with history of multiple tick bites in Kansas died from an | unknown infection [1]. Human infections from Bourbon virus | have now been recognized in several states (i.e., Kansas, | Oklahoma, Missouri). The virus was detected in collections | of the lone star tick (Amblyomma americanum) in Missouri | [2]. A serosurvey of domestic and wild mammals in Missouri | noted the presence of Bourbon virus-neutralizing antibodies in serum samples collected from a variety of species, but | most frequently in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) | and raccoon (Procyon lotor) [3]. We report here that neutralizing antibodies against Bourbon virus were detected in | white-tailed deer in North Carolina, suggesting that the virus | is present in the state. We screened 32 white-tailed deer | for the presence of Bourbon virus-specific neutralizing antibodies. Of 20 plasma samples that reacted with the virus, | 18 were confirmed with neutralizing antibody titers ranging | from 10 to ≥ 320 for a seroprevalence rate of 56% (95% confidence interval 39%–72%). The seropositive samples were | from deer killed during the 2014 hunting season from Stanly | and New Hanover counties |
Rates of neglect in a national sample: Child and family characteristics and psychological impact
Vanderminden J , Hamby S , David-Ferdon C , Kacha-Ochana A , Merrick M , Simon TR , Finkelhor D , Turner H . Child Abuse Negl 2018 88 256-265 BACKGROUND: Childhood neglect is an understudied form of childhood maltreatment despite being the most commonly reported to authorities. OBJECTIVE: This study provides national estimates of neglect subtypes, demographic variations in exposure to neglect subtypes, and examines the psychological impact. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING: Pooled data from two representative U.S. samples from the National Surveys of Children's Exposure to Violence (NatSCEV) survey conducted in 2011 and 2014, representing the experiences of children and youth aged 1 month to 17 years (N = 8503). METHODS: Telephone surveys were used to obtain sociodemographic characteristics, six measures of past year and lifetime exposure to neglect, and assessments of trauma symptoms, suicidal ideation, alcohol use, and illicit drug use. RESULTS: More than 1 in 17 U.S. children (6.07%) experienced some form of neglect in the past year, and more than 1 in 7 (15.14%) experienced neglect at some point in their lives. Supervisory neglect, due to parental incapacitation or parental absence, was most common. Families with two biological parents had lower rates (4.29% in the past year) than other household configurations (range from 7.95% to 14.10%; p < .05). All types of neglect were associated with increased trauma symptoms and suicidal ideation (for 10-17 year olds), and several were associated with increased risk of underage alcohol and illicit drug use. CONCLUSION: More attention needs to be paid to the impact of supervisory neglect. These results underscore the importance of prevention strategies that provide the supports necessary to build safe, stable, and nurturing relationships and environments that help children thrive. |
Beyond residential mobility: A broader conceptualization of instability and its impact on victimization risk among children
Merrick MT , Henly M , Turner HA , David-Ferdon C , Hamby S , Kacha-Ochana A , Simon TR , Finkelhor D . Child Abuse Negl 2018 79 485-494 Predictability in a child's environment is a critical quality of safe, stable, nurturing relationships and environments, which promote wellbeing and protect against maltreatment. Research has focused on residential mobility's effect on this predictability. This study augments such research by analyzing the impact of an instability index-including the lifetime destabilization factors (LDFs) of natural disasters, homelessness, child home removal, multiple moves, parental incarceration, unemployment, deployment, and multiple marriages--on childhood victimizations. The cross-sectional, nationally representative sample of 12,935 cases (mean age=8.6 years) was pooled from 2008, 2011, and 2014 National Surveys of Children's Exposure to Violence (NatSCEV). Logistic regression models controlling for demographics, socio-economic status, and family structure tested the association between excessive residential mobility, alone, and with LDFs, and past year childhood victimizations (sexual victimization, witnessing community or family violence, maltreatment, physical assault, property crime, and polyvictimization). Nearly 40% of the sample reported at least one LDF. Excessive residential mobility was significantly predictive of increased odds of all but two victimizations; almost all associations were no longer significant after other destabilizing factors were included. The LDF index without residential mobility was significantly predictive of increased odds of all victimizations (AOR's ranged from 1.36 to 1.69), and the adjusted odds ratio indicated a 69% increased odds of polyvictimization for each additional LDF a child experienced. The LDF index thus provides a useful alternative to using residential moves as the sole indicator of instability. These findings underscore the need for comprehensive supports and services to support stability for children and families. |
Injuries from physical abuse: National Survey of Children's Exposure to Violence I-III
Simon TR , Shattuck A , Kacha-Ochana A , David-Ferdon CF , Hamby S , Henly M , Merrick MT , Turner HA , Finkelhor D . Am J Prev Med 2017 54 (1) 129-132 INTRODUCTION: Official data sources do not provide researchers, practitioners, and policy makers with complete information on physical injury from child abuse. This analysis provides a national estimate of the percentage of children who were injured during their most recent incident of physical abuse. METHODS: Pooled data from three cross-sectional national telephone survey samples (N=13,052 children) included in the National Survey of Children's Exposure to Violence completed in 2008, 2011, and 2014 were used. RESULTS: Analyses completed in 2016 indicate that 8.4% of children experienced physical abuse by a caregiver. Among those with injury data, 42.6% were injured in the most recent incident. No differences in injury were observed by sex, age, race/ethnicity, or disability status. Victims living with two parents were less likely to be injured (27.1%) than those living in other family structures (53.8%-59%, p<0.001). Incidents involving an object were more likely to result in injury (59.3% vs 38.5%, p<0.05). Injured victims were significantly more likely to experience substantial fear (57.3%) than other victims (34.4%, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: A substantial percentage of physical abuse victims are physically hurt to the point that they still feel pain the next day, are bruised, cut, or have a broken bone. Self-report data indicate this is a more common problem than official data sources suggest. The lack of an object in an incident of physical abuse does not protect a child from injury. The results underscore the impact of childhood physical abuse and the importance of early prevention activities. |
The public health model of child maltreatment prevention
Herrenkohl TI , Leeb RT , Higgins D . Trauma Violence Abuse 2016 17 (4) 363-5 Child maltreatment remains an area of concern for child advocates, policy makers, service providers, and researchers across the globe and presents an enduring threat to public health (Herrenkohl, Higgins, Merrick, & Leeb, 2015). In 2013, over 3.5 million referrals were made to child protective services in the United States and over 2 million cases, a rate of almost 29 per 1,000 children in the U.S. population, were investigated out of concern for the health and safety of the children involved (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services [U.S. DHHS], 2016, maltreatment). This figure rises substantially to more than 10% of all U.S. children, when children are asked directly to report their experiences of abuse and neglect (Finkelhor, Turner, Ormrod, & Hamby, 2009). | In other Western countries, the picture is much the same. According to one report from the United Kingdom, nearly 20% of all young people between the ages of 11 and 17 experienced high levels of abuse and neglect prior to adulthood (https://www.nspcc.org.uk/services-and-resources/research-and-resources/2013/how-safe-are-our-children-2013/). In the past decade, the number of children on child protection registers has risen in all four jurisdictions of the United Kingdom and, in Australia. The Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW, 2016) reported a 35% increase in the number of substantiated maltreatment reports between 2010–2011 and 2014–2015. This pattern is highly concerning because current levels of demand in ‘‘statutory’’ child welfare/protection systems surpass reasonable case load expectations and budgetary affordances. Driven by awareness of the challenges experienced by child welfare agencies overwhelmed and unprepared to accommodate the demand for assistance, many in the social service sector and research community have called for a new model of child welfare—one that places a much stronger emphasis on prevention (Herrenkohl et al., 2015). |
Family context, victimization, and child trauma symptoms: variations in safe, stable, and nurturing relationships during early and middle childhood
Turner HA , Finkelhor D , Ormrod R , Hamby S , Leeb RT , Mercy JA , Holt M . Am J Orthopsychiatry 2012 82 (2) 209-19 Based on a nationally representative sample of 2,017 children age 2-9 years, this study examines variations in "safe, stable, and nurturing" relationships (SSNRs), including several forms of family perpetrated victimization, and documents associations between these factors and child trauma symptoms. Findings show that many children were exposed to multiple forms of victimization within the family (such as physical or sexual abuse, emotional maltreatment, child neglect, sibling victimization, and witnessing family violence), as evidenced by substantial intercorrelations among the different forms of victimization. Moreover, victimization exposure was significantly associated with several indices of parental dysfunction, family adversity, residential instability, and problematic parenting practices. Of all SSNR variables considered, emotional abuse and inconsistent or hostile parenting emerged as having the most powerful independent effects on child trauma symptoms. Also, findings supported a cumulative risk model, whereby trauma symptom levels increased with each additional SSNR risk factor to which children were exposed. Implications for research and practice are discussed. |
- Page last reviewed:Feb 1, 2024
- Page last updated:Apr 22, 2024
- Content source:
- Powered by CDC PHGKB Infrastructure