Last data update: Jan 27, 2025. (Total: 48650 publications since 2009)
Records 1-6 (of 6 Records) |
Query Trace: Graziano James[original query] |
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Detection and Genetic Characterization of Community-Based SARS-CoV-2 Infections - New York City, March 2020.
Greene SK , Keating P , Wahnich A , Weiss D , Pathela P , Harrison C , Rakeman J , Langley G , Tong S , Tao Y , Uehara A , Queen K , Paden CR , Szymczak W , Orner EP , Nori P , Lai PA , Jacobson JL , Singh HK , Calfee DP , Westblade LF , Vasovic LV , Rand JH , Liu D , Singh V , Burns J , Prasad N , Sell J , CDC COVID-19 Surge Laboratory Group , Abernathy Emily , Anderson Raydel , Bankamp Bettina , Bell Melissa , Galloway Renee , Graziano James , Kim Gimin , Kondas Ashley , Lee Christopher , Radford Kay , Rogers Shannon , Smith Peyton , Tiller Rebekah , Weiner Zachary , Wharton Adam , Whitaker Brett . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2020 69 (28) 918-922 ![]() To limit introduction of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the United States restricted travel from China on February 2, 2020, and from Europe on March 13. To determine whether local transmission of SARS-CoV-2 could be detected, the New York City (NYC) Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH) conducted deidentified sentinel surveillance at six NYC hospital emergency departments (EDs) during March 1-20. On March 8, while testing availability for SARS-CoV-2 was still limited, DOHMH announced sustained community transmission of SARS-CoV-2 (1). At this time, twenty-six NYC residents had confirmed COVID-19, and ED visits for influenza-like illness* increased, despite decreased influenza virus circulation.(†) The following week, on March 15, when only seven of the 56 (13%) patients with known exposure histories had exposure outside of NYC, the level of community SARS-CoV-2 transmission status was elevated from sustained community transmission to widespread community transmission (2). Through sentinel surveillance during March 1-20, DOHMH collected 544 specimens from patients with influenza-like symptoms (ILS)(§) who had negative test results for influenza and, in some instances, other respiratory pathogens.(¶) All 544 specimens were tested for SARS-CoV-2 at CDC; 36 (6.6%) tested positive. Using genetic sequencing, CDC determined that the sequences of most SARS-CoV-2-positive specimens resembled those circulating in Europe, suggesting probable introductions of SARS-CoV-2 from Europe, from other U.S. locations, and local introductions from within New York. These findings demonstrate that partnering with health care facilities and developing the systems needed for rapid implementation of sentinel surveillance, coupled with capacity for genetic sequencing before an outbreak, can help inform timely containment and mitigation strategies. |
Seoul virus infection and spread in US home-based ratteries-rat and human testing results from a multistate outbreak investigation.
Knust B , Brown S , de St Maurice A , Whitmer S , Koske SE , Ervin E , Patel K , Graziano J , Morales-Betoulle ME , House J , Cannon D , Kerins J , Holzbauer S , Austin C , Gibbons-Burgener S , Colton L , Dunn J , Zufan S , Choi MJ , Davis WR , Chiang CF , Manning CR , Roesch L , Shoemaker T , Purpura L , McQuiston J , Peterson D , Radcliffe R , Garvey A , Christel E , Morgan L , Scheftel J , Kazmierczak J , Klena JD , Nichol ST , Rollin PE . J Infect Dis 2020 222 (8) 1311-1319 ![]() ![]() BACKGROUND: During 2017, a multi-state outbreak investigation occurred following the confirmation of Seoul virus (SEOV) infections in people and pet rats. A total of 147 humans and 897 rats were tested. METHODS: In addition to IgG and IgM serology and traditional RT-PCR, novel quantitative RT-PCR primers/probe were developed, and whole genome sequencing was performed. RESULTS: Seventeen people had SEOV IgM, indicating recent infection; seven reported symptoms and three were hospitalized. All patients recovered. Thirty-one facilities in 11 US states had SEOV infection, and among those with >/=10 rats tested, rat IgG prevalence ranged 2-70% and SEOV RT-PCR positivity ranged 0-70%. Human lab-confirmed cases were significantly associated with rat IgG positivity and RT-PCR positivity (p=0.03 and p=0.006, respectively). Genomic sequencing identified >99.5% homology between SEOV sequences in this outbreak, and these were >99% identical to SEOV associated with previous pet rat infections in England, the Netherlands, and France. Frequent trade of rats between home-based ratteries contributed to transmission of SEOV between facilities. CONCLUSIONS: Pet rat owners, breeders, and the healthcare and public health community should be aware and take steps to prevent SEOV transmission in pet rats and to humans. Biosecurity measures and diagnostic testing can prevent further infections. |
SARS-CoV-2 Infections and Serologic Responses from a Sample of U.S. Navy Service Members - USS Theodore Roosevelt, April 2020.
Payne DC , Smith-Jeffcoat SE , Nowak G , Chukwuma U , Geibe JR , Hawkins RJ , Johnson JA , Thornburg NJ , Schiffer J , Weiner Z , Bankamp B , Bowen MD , MacNeil A , Patel MR , Deussing E , CDC COVID-19 Surge Laboratory Group , Tiller Rebekah , Galloway Rene , Rogers Shannon , Whitaker Brett , Kondas Ashley , Smith Peyton , Lee Christopher , Graziano James , Gillingham BL . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2020 69 (23) 714-721 Compared with the volume of data on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreaks among older adults, relatively few data are available concerning COVID-19 in younger, healthy persons in the United States (1,2). In late March 2020, the aircraft carrier USS Theodore Roosevelt arrived at port in Guam after numerous U.S. service members onboard developed COVID-19. In April, the U.S. Navy and CDC investigated this outbreak, and the demographic, epidemiologic, and laboratory findings among a convenience sample of 382 service members serving aboard the aircraft carrier are reported in this study. The outbreak was characterized by widespread transmission with relatively mild symptoms and asymptomatic infection among this sample of mostly young, healthy adults with close, congregate exposures. Service members who reported taking preventive measures had a lower infection rate than did those who did not report taking these measures (e.g., wearing a face covering, 55.8% versus 80.8%; avoiding common areas, 53.8% versus 67.5%; and observing social distancing, 54.7% versus 70.0%, respectively). The presence of neutralizing antibodies, which represent antibodies that inhibit SARS-CoV-2, among the majority (59.2%) of those with antibody responses is a promising indicator of at least short-term immunity. This report improves the understanding of COVID-19 in the U.S. military and among young adults in congregate settings and reinforces the importance of preventive measures to lower risk for infection in similar environments. |
Revisiting the taxonomy of the genus Elizabethkingia using whole-genome sequencing, optical mapping, and MALDI-TOF, along with proposal of three novel Elizabethkingia species: Elizabethkingia bruuniana sp. nov., Elizabethkingia ursingii sp. nov., and Elizabethkingia occulta sp. nov.
Nicholson AC , Gulvik CA , Whitney AM , Humrighouse BW , Graziano J , Emery B , Bell M , Loparev V , Juieng P , Gartin J , Bizet C , Clermont D , Criscuolo A , Brisse S , McQuiston JR . Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2017 111 (1) 55-72 ![]() ![]() The genus Elizabethkingia is genetically heterogeneous, and the phenotypic similarities between recognized species pose challenges in correct identification of clinically derived isolates. In addition to the type species Elizabethkingia meningoseptica, and more recently proposed Elizabethkingia miricola, Elizabethkingia anophelis and Elizabethkingia endophytica, four genomospecies have long been recognized. By comparing historic DNA-DNA hybridization results with whole genome sequences, optical maps, and MALDI-TOF mass spectra on a large and diverse set of strains, we propose a comprehensive taxonomic revision of this genus. Genomospecies 1 and 2 contain the type strains E. anophelis and E. miricola, respectively. Genomospecies 3 and 4 are herein proposed as novel species named as Elizabethkingia bruuniana sp. nov. (type strain, G0146T = DSM 2975T = CCUG 69503T = CIP 111191T) and Elizabethkingia ursingii sp. nov. (type strain, G4122T = DSM 2974T = CCUG 69496T = CIP 111192T), respectively. Finally, the new species Elizabethkingia occulta sp. nov. (type strain G4070T = DSM 2976T = CCUG 69505T = CIP 111193T), is proposed. |
Ebola Virus Disease Diagnostics, Sierra Leone: Analysis of Real-time Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction Values for Clinical Blood and Oral Swab Specimens.
Erickson BR , Sealy TK , Flietstra T , Morgan L , Kargbo B , Matt-Lebby VE , Gibbons A , Chakrabarti AK , Graziano J , Presser L , Flint M , Bird BH , Brown S , Klena JD , Blau DM , Brault AC , Belser JA , Salzer JS , Schuh AJ , Lo M , Zivcec M , Priestley RA , Pyle M , Goodman C , Bearden S , Amman BR , Basile A , Bergeron E , Bowen MD , Dodd KA , Freeman MM , McMullan LK , Paddock CD , Russell BJ , Sanchez AJ , Towner JS , Wang D , Zemtsova GE , Stoddard RA , Turnsek M , Guerrero LW , Emery SL , Stovall J , Kainulainen MH , Perniciaro JL , Mijatovic-Rustempasic S , Shakirova G , Winter J , Sexton C , Liu F , Slater K , Anderson R , Andersen L , Chiang CF , Tzeng WP , Crowe SJ , Maenner MJ , Spiropoulou CF , Nichol ST , Stroher U . J Infect Dis 2016 214 S258-S262 ![]() During the Ebola virus outbreak of 2013-2016, the Viral Special Pathogens Branch field laboratory in Sierra Leone tested approximately 26 000 specimens between August 2014 and October 2015. Analysis of the B2M endogenous control Ct values showed its utility in monitoring specimen quality, comparing results with different specimen types, and interpretation of results. For live patients, blood is the most sensitive specimen type and oral swabs have little diagnostic utility. However, swabs are highly sensitive for diagnostic testing of corpses. |
Draft Genome Sequences of Strains Representing Each of the Elizabethkingia Genomospecies Previously Determined by DNA-DNA Hybridization.
Nicholson AC , Humrighouse BW , Graziano JC , Emery B , McQuiston JR . Genome Announc 2016 4 (2) ![]() Draft genome sequences of Elizabethkingia meningoseptica and representatives of each of its four historically described genomospecies were sequenced here. Preliminary analysis suggests that Elizabethkingia miricola belongs to genomospecies 2, and both Elizabethkingia anophelis and Elizabethkingia endophytica are most similar to genomospecies 1. |
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