Last data update: Sep 16, 2024. (Total: 47680 publications since 2009)
Records 1-3 (of 3 Records) |
Query Trace: Fischer TK [original query] |
---|
Evaluation of the impact of a simple hand-washing and water-treatment intervention in rural health facilities on hygiene knowledge and reported behaviours of health workers and their clients, Nyanza Province, Kenya, 2008
Sreenivasan N , Gotestrand SA , Ombeki S , Oluoch G , Fischer TK , Quick R . Epidemiol Infect 2014 143 (4) 1-8 Many clinics in rural western Kenya lack access to safe water and hand-washing facilities. To address this problem, in 2005 a programme was initiated to install water stations for hand washing and drinking water in 109 health facilities, train health workers on water treatment and hygiene, and motivate clients to adopt these practices. In 2008, we evaluated this intervention's impact by conducting observations at facilities, and interviewing staff and clients about water treatment and hygiene. Of 30 randomly selected facilities, 97% had water stations in use. Chlorine residuals were detectable in at least one container at 59% of facilities. Of 164 interviewed staff, 79% knew the recommended water-treatment procedure. Of 298 clients, 45% had received training on water treatment at a facility; of these, 68% knew the recommended water-treatment procedure. Use of water stations, water treatment, and client training were sustained in some facilities for up to 3 years. |
Diarrhea: case definition and guidelines for collection, analysis, and presentation of immunization safety data
Gidudu J , Sack DA , Pina M , Hudson MJ , Kohl KS , Bishop P , Chatterjee A , Chiappini E , Compingbutra A , da Costa C , Fernandopulle R , Fischer TK , Haber P , Masana W , de Menezes MR , Kang G , Khuri-Bulos N , Killion LA , Nair C , Poerschke G , Rath B , Salazar-Lindo E , Setse R , Wenger P , Wong VC , Zaman K . Vaccine 2010 29 (5) 1053-71 Diarrhea, also spelled diarrhoea, is a common medical condition that is characterized by increased frequency of bowel movements and increased liquidity of stool [1], [2]. Although acute diarrhea is typically self-limiting, it can be severe and can lead to profound dehydration, which can lead to abnormally low blood volume, low blood pressure, and damage to the kidneys, heart, liver, brain and other organs. Acute diarrhea remains a major cause of infant mortality around the world. Over 2 million deaths are attributed to acute diarrhea each year world-wide, most of them in the developing world. [3], [4], [5]. Children and the elderly are particularly prone to dehydration secondary to diarrhea. | Diarrhea has been defined over time by various scientific groups and health organizations in different ways, such as: “the passage of loose unformed stools” [6] or “three looser-than normal stools in a 24-h period” [7], [8] with emphasis on the consistency of stools rather than the number [9]. In epidemiological studies, diarrhea is usually defined as the passage of three or more loose or watery stools in a 24-h period, a loose stool being one that takes the shape of a stool container [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16]. |
Rotavirus disease in Guinea-Bissau, West Africa: a review of longitudinal community and hospital studies
Fischer TK , Aaby P , Molbak K , Rodrigues A . J Infect Dis 2010 202 Suppl S239-42 Rotavirus is one of the most common causes of childhood diarrheal disease and deaths in sub-Saharan Africa. This article reviews community- and hospital-based surveillance of rotavirus disease in Bissau, Guinea-Bissau, West Africa. Here, rotavirus infections exhibit a seasonal pattern, with annual epidemics occurring during the relatively dry and cooler months, from January to April, and few cases registered from May to December. Most children (74%) experience their first infection before the age of 2 years, and rotavirus has been identified as the most pathogenic of all diarrheal agents during 2 large prospective studies involving several hundred children <5 years of age. In the hospital setting, rotavirus accounts for a high case-fatality ratio (8%) and a high rate of nosocomial transmission; during the rotavirus season, 23% of all children admitted for nonrotavirus diarrheal disease acquired rotavirus infection during hospitalization (>48 h after admission). |
- Page last reviewed:Feb 1, 2024
- Page last updated:Sep 16, 2024
- Content source:
- Powered by CDC PHGKB Infrastructure