We evaluated clinical and socioeconomic burdens of respiratory disease in banana farm workers in Guatemala. We offered all eligible workers enrollment during June 15-December 30, 2020, and annually, then tracked them for influenza-like illnesses (ILI) through self-reporting to study nurses, sentinel surveillance at health posts, and absenteeism. Workers who had ILI submitted nasopharyngeal swab specimens for testing for influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, and SARS-CoV-2, then completed surveys at days 0, 7, and 28. Through October 10, 2021, a total of 1,833 workers reported 169 ILIs (12.0 cases/100 person-years), and 43 (25.4%) were laboratory-confirmed infections with SARS-CoV-2 (3.1 cases/100 person-years). Workers who had SARS-CoV-2positive ILIs reported more frequent anosmia, dysgeusia, difficulty concentrating, and irritability and worse clinical and well-being severity scores than workers who had test resultnegative ILIs. Workers who had positive results also had greater absenteeism and lost income. These results support prioritization of farm workers in Guatemala for COVID-19 vaccination.

BACKGROUND: Previous research has shown airborne pollen concentrations and phenology in allergenic plants are changing. Additionally, variations in seasonal climate are known to affect pollen phenology in trees, weeds, and grasses. OBJECTIVE: We investigated localized trends in pollen concentrations and pollen phenology over time, and the effect of seasonal climate variations. METHODS: We used daily pollen count concentrations from a National Allergy Bureau (NAB) pollen counting station located in metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia, U.S. for 13 allergenic taxa. To examine long-term trends over time, we developed linear regression models for six pollen measures. To examine the effect of seasonal climate on phenology, we developed regression models using seasonal climate measures as independent variables, and pollen measures as dependent variables. RESULTS: For several tree pollen taxa, pollen concentrations increased over time, including oak and juniper pollen. In multiple species, pollen seasons trended toward an earlier release throughout the 27-year period. Variations in seasonal climate did have an effect on pollen counts and the timing of pollen release but varied by taxa. Generally, warmer spring temperatures were associated with an earlier pollen release. Additionally, precipitation from the preceding fall and winter were associated with increased pollen concentration in the spring months. CONCLUSION: Allergenic pollen concentrations for several types of pollen are increasing and trending toward an earlier pollen release in Atlanta, GA. Warmer temperatures preceding the pollen season were associated with the earlier pollen release.