Last data update: Sep 16, 2024. (Total: 47680 publications since 2009)
Records 1-2 (of 2 Records) |
Query Trace: Fields HA [original query] |
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Restricted enzooticity of hepatitis E virus genotypes 1 to 4 in the United States.
Dong C , Meng J , Dai X , Liang JH , Feagins AR , Meng XJ , Belfiore NM , Bradford C , Corn JL , Cray C , Glass GE , Gordon ML , Hesse RA , Montgomery DL , Nicholson WL , Pilny AA , Ramamoorthy S , Shaver DD , Drobeniuc J , Purdy MA , Fields HA , Kamili S , Teo CG . J Clin Microbiol 2011 49 (12) 4164-72 Hepatitis E is recognized as a zoonosis, and swine are known reservoirs, but how broadly enzootic its causative agent, hepatitis E virus (HEV), is remains controversial. To determine the prevalence of HEV infection in animals, a serological assay with capability to detect anti-HEV-antibody across a wide variety of animal species was devised. Recombinant antigens comprising truncated capsid proteins generated from HEV-subgenomic constructs that represent all four viral genotypes were used to capture anti-HEV in the test sample and as an analyte reporter. To facilitate development and validation of the assay, serum samples were assembled from blood donors (n = 372), acute hepatitis E patients (n = 94), five laboratory animals (rhesus monkey, pig, New Zealand rabbit, Wistar rat, and BALB/c mouse) immunized with HEV antigens, and four pigs experimentally infected with HEV. The assay was then applied to 4,936 sera collected from 35 genera of animals that were wild, feral, domesticated, or otherwise held captive in the United States. Test positivity was determined in 457 samples (9.3%). These originated from: bison (3/65, 4.6%), cattle (174/1,156, 15%), dogs (2/212, 0.9%), Norway rats (2/318, 0.6%), farmed swine (267/648, 41.2%), and feral swine (9/306, 2.9%). Only the porcine samples yielded the highest reactivities. HEV RNA was amplified from one farmed pig and two feral pigs and characterized by nucleotide sequencing to belong to genotype 3. HEV infected farmed swine primarily, and the role of other animals as reservoirs of its zoonotic spread appears to be limited. |
Distinguishing acute from chronic Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection based on antibody reactivities to specific HCV structural and non-structural proteins
Araujo AC , Astrakhantseva IV , Fields HA , Kamili S . J Clin Microbiol 2010 49 (1) 54-7 Currently available serological assays for detection of antibodies to hepatitis C virus (HCV) cannot reliably discriminate acute from chronic HCV infection. We developed a multiplexed, flow-cytometric microsphere immunoassay to measure anti-HCV-IgG reactivities to core, NS3, NS4 and NS5 HCV recombinant proteins and applied it to 99 serum samples from 24 anti-HCV seroconvertors and 141 anti-HCV-IgG and HCV-RNA-positive plasma specimens from chronically infected people. Differences in the geometric means or mean of signal/cut-off ratios between the two sample sets were statistically significant for all the antigens tested. A multivariate logistic regression model correctly classified the samples in two groups with a cross-validation accuracy of 90.8% for the acute group and 97.2% for the chronic group. The immunoassay described has potential to distinguish acute from chronic HCV infection. |
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