Last data update: Nov 04, 2024. (Total: 48056 publications since 2009)
Records 1-7 (of 7 Records) |
Query Trace: Faherty EAG[original query] |
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Investigation of an mpox outbreak affecting many vaccinated persons in Chicago, IL-March 2023-June 2023
Faherty EAG , Holly T , Ogale YP , Spencer H , Becht AM , Crisler G , Wasz M , Stonehouse P , Barbian HJ , Zelinski C , Kittner A , Foulkes D , Anderson KW , Evans T , Nicolae L , Staton A , Hardnett C , Townsend MB , Carson WC , Satheshkumar PS , Hutson CL , Gigante CM , Quilter LAS , Gorman S , Borah B , Black SR , Pacilli M , Kern D , Kerins J , McCollum AM , Rao AK , Tabidze I . Clin Infect Dis 2024 79 (1) 122-129 BACKGROUND: After months of few mpox cases, an increase in cases was reported in Chicago during May 2023, predominantly among fully vaccinated (FV) patients. We investigated the outbreak scope, differences between vaccinated and unvaccinated patients, and hypotheses for monkeypox virus (MPXV) infection after vaccination. METHODS: We interviewed patients and reviewed medical records to assess demographic, behavioral, and clinical characteristics; mpox vaccine status; and vaccine administration routes. We evaluated serum antibody levels after infection and compared patient viral genomes with MPXV sequences in available databases. We discussed potential vaccine compromise with partners who manufactured, handled, and administered the vaccine associated with breakthrough infections. RESULTS: During 18 March-27 June 2023, we identified 49 mpox cases; 57% of these mpox patients were FV. FV patients received both JYNNEOS doses subcutaneously (57%), intradermally (7%), or via heterologous administration (36%). FV patients had more median sex partners (3; interquartile range [IQR] = 1-4) versus not fully vaccinated patients (1; IQR = 1-2). Thirty-six of 37 sequenced specimens belonged to lineage B.1.20 of clade IIb MPXV, which did not demonstrate any amino acid changes relative to B.1, the predominant lineage from May 2022. Vaccinated patients demonstrated expected humoral antibody responses; none were hospitalized. No vaccine storage excursions were identified. Approximately 63% of people at risk for mpox in Chicago were FV during this period. CONCLUSIONS: Our investigation indicated that cases were likely due to frequent behaviors associated with mpox transmission, even with relatively high vaccine effectiveness and vaccine coverage. Cases after vaccination might occur in similar populations. |
Using wastewater surveillance for mpox as a complement to traditional case-based reporting - Chicago, March-June 2023
Foulkes D , Kittner A , Korban C , Anderson K , DeJonge PM , Faherty EAG , Kerins JL , Poretsky R , Pierce M , Atwater R , Tabidze I , Pacilli M . Environ Int 2024 190 108749 The Chicago Department of Public Health tested wastewater samples for the presence of Monkeypox Virus (MPXV) from March 13 through June 26, 2023. There were persistent detections prior to reported cases. This indicated the baseline levels of MPXV prevalence might warrant routine monitoring. Detections in areas without corresponding reported clinical cases might highlight areas where cases are being under-reported by traditional surveillance. |
Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase shigella sonnei cluster among men who have sex with men in Chicago, Illinois-July-October 2022
Faherty EAG , Kling K , Barbian HJ , Qi C , Altman S , Dhiman VK , Teran R , Anderson K , Yuce D , Smith S , Richardson M , Vogelzang K , Ghinai I , Ruestow P , Heimler I , Menon A , Francois Watkins LK , Logan N , Kim DY , Pacilli M , Kerins J , Black S . J Infect Dis 2024 Drug-resistant shigellosis is increasing, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM). During July-October 2022, an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Shigella sonnei cluster of 9 patients was identified in Chicago, of whom 8 were MSM and 6 were festival attendees. The cluster also included 4 domestic travelers to Chicago. Sexual health care for MSM should include shigellosis diagnosis and prevention. |
Prior sexually transmitted infections and HIV in Mpox patients, Chicago, Illinois-(June 2022-March 2023
Faherty EAG , Holly T , Herrera K , Guidry T , Lyang J , Black S , Tabidze I . J Infect Dis 2024 229 S197-s202 HIV is associated with severe mpox. Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) could facilitate mpox transmission. We estimated HIV and STI frequency among patients with mpox and compared characteristics associated with mpox severity. Mpox cases during 1 June 2022 to 31 March 2023 were matched to Illinois HIV/AIDS surveillance data. Among 1124 patients with mpox, 489 (44%) had HIV and 786 (70%) had prior or concurrent STI; 307 (39%) had ≥3 STI episodes. More patients with mpox who were living with HIV were hospitalized than those without HIV (10.3% vs 4.1%, P < .001). STI screening visits are opportunities to vaccinate against mpox and provide HIV prophylaxis or treatment. |
Correlation of wastewater surveillance data with traditional influenza surveillance measures in Cook County, Illinois, October 2022-April 2023
Faherty EAG , Yuce D , Korban C , Bemis K , Kowalski R , Gretsch S , Ramirez E , Poretsky R , Packman A , Leisman KP , Pierce M , Kittner A , Teran R , Pacilli M . Sci Total Environ 2023 912 169551 Influenza is a respiratory illness that can result in serious outcomes, particularly among persons who are immunocompromised, aged <5 years or aged >65 years. Traditional influenza surveillance approaches rely upon syndromic surveillance of emergency departments and public health reporting from clinicians and laboratories. Wastewater surveillance infrastructure developed to monitor SARS-CoV-2 is being used for influenza surveillance in the Chicago area. The goal was to evaluate timeliness and correlations between influenza virus detected through wastewater surveillance and traditional influenza surveillance measures to assess utility of wastewater surveillance for influenza at the county level. Specifically, we measured correlations between influenza virus gene copies in wastewater samples and 1) the number of intensive care unit admissions associated with a diagnosis of influenza, 2) the percentage emergency department (ED) visits for influenza-like-illness, and 3) the percentage of ED visits with influenza diagnosis at discharge(2) in Cook County. Influenza concentrations in wastewater were strongly correlated with traditional influenza surveillance measures, particularly for catchment areas serving >100,000 residents. Wastewater indicators lagged traditional influenza surveillance measures by approximately one week when analyzed in cross-correlations. Although wastewater data lagged traditional influenza surveillance measures in this analysis, it can serve as a useful surveillance tool as a complement to syndromic surveillance; it is a form of influenza surveillance that does not rely on healthcare-seeking behavior or reporting by healthcare providers. |
Notes from the field: Emergence of an mpox cluster primarily affecting persons previously vaccinated against mpox - Chicago, Illinois, March 18-June 12, 2023
Faherty EAG , Holly T , Ogale YP , Crisler G , Becht A , Kern D , Nicolae L , Spencer H , Wasz M , Kerins JL , Kittner A , Staton A , Hardnett C , Hutson C , Gigante CM , Quilter L , Kracalik I , Black S , McCollum AM , Rao AK , Tabidze I . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2023 72 (25) 696-698 During April 17–May 5, 2023, 13 monkeypox (mpox) cases were reported to the Chicago Department of Public Health (CDPH) after 2 months during which only a single case had been reported. The cluster was remarkable because it comprised more than 10 cases at a time when sporadic cases or small clusters (i.e., involving fewer than three cases) were being reported in the United States, and >69% of the persons in this cluster had received 2 doses of JYNNEOS or 1 dose of ACAM2000 vaccine.* Some cases among persons who received doses of JYNNEOS vaccine are expected to occur based on vaccine effectiveness data (1,2); however, the observed proportion of cases among persons who had received 2 doses of JYNNEOS or 1 dose of ACAM2000 in this cluster was unusual. This increase in cases before large summer events scheduled nationwide and in Chicago raised concerns about possible future case increases. | | On May 9, 2023, CDPH issued a health alert,† urging clinicians to remain vigilant for mpox cases and encouraging vaccination for persons at risk for mpox.§ CDPH and CDC launched an investigation to 1) determine the cluster’s scope and etiology by evaluating patients’ commonalities, JYNNEOS¶ vaccine cold-chain management, whole genome sequencing of clinical samples, and serologic immune response after infections, and to 2) identify important risk factors for mpox exposure to guide prevention efforts. This activity was reviewed by CDC and was conducted consistent with applicable federal law and CDC policy.** |
Mpox among public festival attendees, Chicago, Illinois, USA, July-August 2022
Faherty EAG , Teran RA , Black SR , Chundi V , Smith S , Bernhardt B , Weber E , Brassil B , Ruestow P , Kerins JL . Emerg Infect Dis 2023 29 (5) 1059-1061 We investigated an mpox outbreak after a 2022 LGBTQ event in Chicago, Illinois, USA. Among case-patients, 38% had received 1 dose of mpox vaccine, none 2 doses; most reported sexual activity during the probable exposure period. Among other preventive measures, persons at risk should complete mpox vaccination 14 days before an event. |
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