Last data update: Sep 16, 2024. (Total: 47680 publications since 2009)
Records 1-2 (of 2 Records) |
Query Trace: Dalipanda T [original query] |
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Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding diarrhea and cholera following an oral cholera vaccination campaign in the Solomon Islands
Burnett E , Dalipanda T , Ogaoga D , Gaiofa J , Jilini G , Halpin A , Dietz V , Date K , Mintz E , Hyde T , Wannemuehler K , Yen C . PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2016 10 (8) e0004937 BACKGROUND: In response to a 2011 cholera outbreak in Papua New Guinea, the Government of the Solomon Islands initiated a cholera prevention program which included cholera disease prevention and treatment messaging, community meetings, and a pre-emptive cholera vaccination campaign targeting 11,000 children aged 1-15 years in selected communities in Choiseul and Western Provinces. METHODOLOGY AND PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We conducted a post-vaccination campaign, household-level survey about knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding diarrhea and cholera in areas targeted and not targeted for cholera vaccination. Respondents in vaccinated areas were more likely to have received cholera education in the previous 6 months (33% v. 9%; p = 0.04), to know signs and symptoms (64% vs. 22%; p = 0.02) and treatment (96% vs. 50%; p = 0.02) of cholera, and to be aware of cholera vaccine (48% vs. 14%; p = 0.02). There were no differences in water, sanitation, and hygiene practices. CONCLUSIONS: This pre-emptive OCV campaign in a cholera-naive community provided a unique opportunity to assess household-level knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding diarrhea, cholera, and water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH). Our findings suggest that education provided during the vaccination campaign may have reinforced earlier mass messaging about cholera and diarrheal disease in vaccinated communities. |
Impact of community mass treatment with azithromycin for trachoma elimination on the prevalence of yaws
Marks M , Vahi V , Sokana O , Chi KH , Puiahi E , Kilua G , Pillay A , Dalipanda T , Bottomley C , Solomon AW , Mabey DC . PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2015 9 (8) e0003988 BACKGROUND: Community mass treatment with 30mg/kg azithromycin is central to the new WHO strategy for eradicating yaws. Both yaws and trachoma- which is earmarked for elimination by 2020 using a strategy that includes mass treatment with 20mg/kg azithromycin-are endemic in the Pacific, raising the possibility of an integrated approach to disease control. Community mass treatment with azithromycin for trachoma elimination was conducted in the Solomon Islands in 2014. METHODS: We conducted a study to assess the impact of mass treatment with 20mg/kg azithromycin on yaws. We examined children aged 5-14 years and took blood and lesion samples for yaws diagnosis. RESULTS: We recruited 897 children, 6 months after mass treatment. There were no cases of active yaws. Serological evidence of current infection was found in 3.6% (95% CI= 2.5-5.0%). This differed significantly between individuals who had and had not received azithromycin (2.8% vs 6.5%, p=0.015); the prevalence of positive serology in 5-14 year-olds had been 21.7% (95% CI=14.6%-30.9%) 6 months prior to mass treatment. Not receiving azithromycin was associated with an odds of 3.9 for infection (p=0.001). National figures showed a 57% reduction in reported cases of yaws following mass treatment. DISCUSSION: Following a single round of treatment we did not identify any cases of active yaws in a previously endemic population. We found a significant reduction in latent infection. Our data support expansion of the WHO eradication strategy and suggest an integrated approach to the control of yaws and trachoma in the Pacific may be viable. |
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